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Changes in structural plasticity of hippocampal neurons in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 398-414页

作者： Poornima D.E.weerasinghe-Mudiyanselage sohi Kang Joong-sun Kim sung-ho Kim hongbing wang Taekyun shin Changjong Moon Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR ProgramChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical science Institute of Health SciencesCollege of MedicineGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52727Republic of Korea Department of Physiology and Neuroscience Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Veterinary Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research InstituteJeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea

structural plasticity is critical for the functional diversity of neurons in the *** autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)is the most commonly used model for multiple sclerosis(Ms),successfully mimicking its key pathological features(inflammation,demyelination,axonal loss,and gliosis)and clinical symptoms(motor and non-motordysfunctions).Recentstudieshave demonstrated the importance of synaptic plasticity in EAE *** the present study,we investigated the features of behavioral alteration and hippocampal structural plasticity in EAE-affected mice in the early phase(11 days post-immunization,DPI)and chronic phase(28DPI).EAE-affected mice exhibited hippocampus-related behavioral dysfunction in the open field test during both early and chronic *** complexity was largely affected in the cornu ammonis 1(CA1)and CA3 apical and dentate gyrus(DG)subregions of the hippocampus during the chronic phase,while this effect was only noted in the CA1 apical subregion in the early ***,dendritic spine density was reduced in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 apical/basal and DG subregions in the early phase of EAE,but only reduced in the DG subregion during the chronic ***,mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines(Il1β,Tnfα,and Ifnγ)and glial cell markers(Gfap and Cd68)were significantly increased,whereas the expression of activity-regulated cytoskeletonassociated protein(ARC)was reduced during the chronic ***,exposure to the aforementioned cytokines in primary cultures of hippocampal neurons reduced dendritic complexity and ARC *** cultures of hippocampal neurons also showed significantly reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)phosphorylation upon treatment with proinflammatory ***,these results suggest that autoimmune neuroinflammation alters structural plasticity in the hippocampus,possibly through the ERK-ARC pathway,indicating that this alteration may be associated with hi

关键词： Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein Anxiety-like behavior Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hippocampal dysfunction Neuroinflammation

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Capsaicin alleviates the hepatic clock gene disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis in circadian rhythm disorder mouse model

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Food science and Human wellness 2024年第5期13卷 2947-2958页

作者： Bolin Lin Chi-Tang ho Yawen wang Jie Xiao Muwen Lu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods College of Food ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Department of Food science Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick 08901USA Department of Hematology The Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266000China

As the body’s internal clock,the circadian rhythm regulates the energy expenditure,appetite,and *** exists a close relationship between the host circadian rhythm and gut *** this work,a circadian disorder mouse model induced by constant darkness(CD)was constructed to investigate the regulating effects of capsaicin(CAP)on disturbances of metabolism homeostasis and gut microbiota in the respect of circadian rhythm-related *** results indicated that CAP reduced weight gain induced by circadian rhythm disorder in mice by inhibiting fat accumulation in liver and adipose *** rhythmic expressions of circadian clock genes and lipid-metabolism related genes in liver were also recovered by *** study using 16s rRNA sequencing revealed that CAP modulated the gut microbiota richness,diversity and composition,and restored diurnal oscillations of gut microbes at the phylum and family *** results indicated that CAP could alleviate CD-induced hepatic clock gene disruption and gut microbiota dysbiosis in mice,providing theoretical basis for CAP to be used as a muti-functional ingredient with great healthpromoting effects.

关键词： Capsaicin Circadian rhythm Hepatic clock gene Gut microbiota Lipid dysregulation

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Impact of Transition Metal Layer Vacancy on the structure and Performance of P2 Type Layered sodium Cathode Material

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 340-358页

作者： Orynbay Zhanadilov sourav Baiju Natalia Voronina Jun ho Yu A.-Yeon Kim Hun‑Gi Jung Kyuwook Ihm Olivier Guillon Payam Kaghazchi seung‑Taek Myung Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering and sejong Battery Institute Hybrid Materials Research CenterSejong University98 Gunja‑DongGwangjin‑GuSeoul 05006South Korea Institute of Energy and Climate Research‑Materials synthesis and Processing(IEK‑1) Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH52425 JülichGermany Center for Energy storage Research Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792South Korea KIsT‑sKKU Carbon‑Neutral Research Center Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Department of Energy science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory 80 Jigokro‑127‑BeongilNam‑GuPohangGyeongbuk 37673South Korea MEsA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente7500 AE EnschedeThe Netherlands

This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode *** incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling,increases the operation voltage,and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox,respectively,in Na_(0.7)[Ni_(0.2)V_(Ni0.1)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(V-NRM)*** analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy,X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy,operando X-ray diffraction,and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural *** results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81%after 100 ***,the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation,leading to a widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O_(2) *** findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： Layered oxide Oxygen evolution sodium battery Vacancy Cathode

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Elaborations of the influencing factors on the formation of secondary inorganic aerosols in a heavily polluted urban area of China

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第4期138卷 406-417页

作者： shuang wang Qiyuan wang Ting Zhang suixin Liu steven sai Hang ho Jie Tian Hui su Yong Zhang Luyao wang Tingting wu Junji Cao school of Human settlements and Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary GeologyInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China CAs Center for Excellence in Quaternary science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China National Observation and Research station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain Xi’an 710061China Division of Atmospheric sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNevada89512United States hong Kong Premium services and Research Laboratory KowloonHong Kong SARChina Xi’an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research Xi’an 710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

In this study,online water-soluble inorganic ions were detected to deduce the formation mechanism of secondary inorganic aerosol in Xianyang,China during *** dominant inorganic ions of sulfate(sO_(4)^(2-)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),and ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))(the sum of those is abbreviated as sNA)accounted for 17%,21%,and 12% of PM_(2.5)mass,*** the air quality deteriorated from excellent to poor grades,the precursor gas sulfur dioxide(sO_(2))of sO_(4)^(2-)increased and then decreased with a fluctuation,while nitrogen dioxide(NO_(2))and ammonia(NH_(3)),precursors of NO_(3)^(-)and NH_(4)^(+),and sNA show increasing *** factors including boundary layer height(BLH),temperature,and wind speed also show decline trends,except relative humidity(RH).Meanwhile,the secondary conversion ratio shows a remarkable increasing trend,indicating that there was a strong secondary *** the perspective of chemical mechanisms,RH is positively correlated with sulfur oxidation ratios(sOR),nitrogen oxidation ratios(NOR),and ammonia conversion ratios,representing that the increase of humidity could promote the generation of ***,sOR and NOR were also positively related to the *** the one hand,the low wind speed and BLH led to the accumulation of *** the other hand,the increases of RH and ammonia promoted more formations of sNA and PM_(2.5).The results advance our identification of the contributors to the haze episodes and assist to establish more efficient emission controls in Xianyang,in addition to other cities with similar emission and geographical characteristics.

关键词： Haze episodes secondary inorganic aerosol secondary conversion ratio Meteorological factors

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ELK3-ID4 axis governs the metastatic features of triple negative breast cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 127-138页

作者： JIN-ho ChoI JOO DONG PARK sEUNG HEE ChoI EUN-sU KO HYE JUNG JANG KYUNG-sOON PARK Department of Biomedical science CHA UniversitySeongnamKorea

Purpose:Cancer cell metastasis is a multistep process,and the mechanism underlying extravasation remains ***3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes,including cancer *** on the finding that ELK3 promotes the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),we investigated whether ELK3 regulates the extravasation of TNBC by forming the ELK3-ID4 ***4 functions as a transcriptional regulator that interacts with other transcription factors,inhibiting their activity and subsequently influencing various biological processes associated with cell differentiation,survival,growth,and ***:we assessed the correlation between the expression of ELK3 and that of ID4 in TNBCs using bioinformatics analyses,QRT-PCR,western blot analysis,luciferase reporter assays,and chromatin ***,adhesion,invasion,and lung metastasis assays were employed to determine whether the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic features of ***:we found that ELK3 binds directly to a binding motif close to the ID4 promoter to repress promoter *** expression of E-cadherin in TNBC was regulated by the ELK3-ID4 *** vitro and in vivo analyses showed that inhibiting ID4 expression in ELK3-knockdown MDA-MB-231(ELK3KD)cells restored the ability to extravasate and ***:The results indicate that the ELK3 regulates ID4 promoter activity,and that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic characteristics of TNBC ***,the data suggest that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates metastasis of TNBCs by modulating expression of E-cadherin.

关键词： E-cadherin Extravasation Colonization

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Realizing High Thermoelectric Performance in n-Type se-Free Bi2Te3 Materials by spontaneous Incorporation of FeTe2 Nanoinclusions

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第4期7卷 344-354页

作者： Jamil Ur Rahman woo Hyun Nam Yong-Jae Jung Jong ho won Jong-Min Oh Nguyen Van Du Gul Rahman Víctor M.García-suárez Ran He Kornelius Nielsch Jung Young Cho won-seon seo Jong wook Roh sang-il Kim soonil Lee Kyu Hyoung Lee Hyun sik Kim weon ho shin Leibniz Institute for solid state and Materials Research Advanced Materials Convergence R&D Division Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology Department of Electronic Materials Engineering Kwangwoon University Department of Energy Engineering Dankook University Faculty of Fundamental science Phenikaa University Department of Physics Quaid-i-Azam University Departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center-CINN Department of Materials science and Engineering Yonsei University school of Nano & Materials science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Department of Materials science and Engineering University of Seoul school of Materials science and Engineering Changwon National University

Bi2Te3-based materials have drawn much attention from the thermoelectric community due to their excellent thermoelectric performance near room ***,the stability of existing n-type Bi2（Te,se）3materials is still low due to the evaporation energy of se (37.70 kJ mol-1) being much lower than that of Te (52.55 kJ mol-1).The evaporated se from the material causes problems in interconnects of the module while degrading the efficiency.

关键词： Bi2Te3 energy harvesting FeTe2 nanoinclusion n-type materials thermoelectric

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Quantifying trapping stability of optical tweezers with an external flow

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1741-1749页

作者： FENG XU YARONG YU YANG LIU YAO CHANG wENXIANG JIAO LIN wANG hoPUI ho BEI wU FEI XU YANQING LU YUANJIE PANG GUANGHUI wANG College of Engineering and Applied sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical sensing and Integration of the Ministry of Education Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China school of Optical and Electronic Information Wuhan National Laboratory of OptoelectronicsHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Biomedical Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Optical tweezers(OTs)can immobilize and manipulate objects with sizes that span between nano-and micrometer *** manipulating ability of OTs is traditionally characterized by stability factor(s),which can only indicate an empirical“hit-or-miss”***,the current quantitative models for trapping stability rarely consider the influence of external *** this paper,a comprehensive analysis to quantify the optical trapping stability in a perturbed asymmetric potential well is presented from the perspective of statistics,especially for weak trapping *** analytical formulation takes experimentally measurable parameters including particle size,optical power,and spot width as inputs and precisely outputs a statistically relevant mean trapping ***,this formulation takes into account general and realistic cases including fluidic flow velocity and other *** verify the model,a back-focal-plane-interferometer-monitored trapping experiment in a flow is set up and the statistical characteristics of trapping time demonstrate good agreement with theoretical *** total,the model quantitatively reveals the effects of external disturbance on trapping time,which will find applications where optical trapping stability is challenged by external perturbations in weak trapping conditions.

关键词： process flow trapping

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Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (sEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： Jong Un Lee Hyun Ji Kim sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin Kim Young Min Kim Bong sun You Jun ho Bae sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(sEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials *** alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(eachwt%)into commercial Mg–Al based alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical *** main advantages of sEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of sEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in sEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening *** enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of sEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged sEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the sEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in ***,the studies conducted on sEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： sEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

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Piezoionics:Mechanical-to-ionic transduction for sensing,biointerface,and energy harvesting

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Aggregate 2024年第1期5卷 85-94页

作者： Kongqi Chen Derek ho Department of Materials science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina hong Kong Center for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong KongChina

Piezoionic materials consisting of a polymer matrix and mobile ions can produce an electrical output upon an applied pressure inducing an ion concentration *** from charges generated by the piezoelectric or triboelectric effects,the use of generated mobile ions to carry a signal closely resembles many ionic biological *** to this similarity to biology,the piezoionic effect has great potential to enable seamless integration with biological systems,which accelerates the advancement of medical devices and personalized *** this review,a comprehensive description of the piezoionic mechanism,methods,and applications are presented,with the aim to facilitate a dialogue among relevant scientific ***,the piezoionic effect is briefly introduced,then the development of mechanistic understanding over time is ***,different types of piezoionic materials are reviewed and methods to enhance the piezoionic output via materials properties,electrode interfaces,and device architectures are ***,applications,challenges,and outlooks are *** its novel properties,piezoionics is expected to play a key role in the overcoming of grand challenges in the areas of sensing,biointerfaces,and energy harvesting.

关键词： flexible electronics intelligent soft matter ionic hydrogel iontronics mechanical energy harvesting

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superconducting joints using reacted multifilament MgB_(2)wires:A technology toward cryogen-free MRI magnets

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 159-170页

作者： Dipak Patel Akiyoshi Matsumoto Hiroaki Kumakura Yuka Hara Toru Hara Minoru Maeda Hao Liang Yusuke Yamauchi seyong Choi Jung ho Kim Md shahriar A.hossain school of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia National Institute for Materials science(NIMs) 1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki 305-0047Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Kangwon High Magnetic Field Center Institute of Quantum Convergence TechnologyKangwon National UniversityGangwon 24341Republic of Korea Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology(AIBN) The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringNagoya UniversityNagoyaAichi 464-8603Japan Institute for superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsUniversity of WollongongNorth WollongongNew South Wales 2500Australia

The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is *** achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment *** fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 *** evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting *** serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing *** findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.

关键词： Mg B2 superconducting joint MgB_(2)conductor MRI applications Cryogen-free magnet Persistent-mode operation

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