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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第8期28卷 700-706页

作者： Amandeep kaur bal Rajinder Singh R.k.Bedi Material Science Laboratory Department of PhysicsGuru Nanak Dev University

ZnO and In203 films were prepared by thermal oxidation of vacuum deposited zinc and indium films, respec- tively onto the glass substrate at 30 ℃. The fabricated films have been irradiated with 100-MeV Ni7＋ ions at different fluences ranging from 5×1011 to 5×1013 ions/cm2. The structural and gas sensing properties of pristine and irradiated films have been discussed. X-ray diffraction （XRD） pattern of pristine and irradiated films reveal that the films are polycrystalline in nature and crystallinity increases after irradiation. In this study, highly porous In203 nanorods evolved when being irradiated at a fluence of 5×1013 ions/cm2 while ZnO film shows decrease in number of nanowires. The ammonia sensing performance of the Ni^7＋ irradiated In203 films shows an improvement as compared to its pristine counterpart.

关键词： Thermal oxidation ZnO film In203 film Ion irradiation Gas sensing

Localized treatments using commercial dust and liquid formulations of fipronil against Coptotermes formosanus （Isoptera： Rhinotermitidae） in the laboratory

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Insect Science 2014年第2期21卷 174-180页

作者： bal k. Gautam Gregg Henderson Cai wang Department of Entomology Louisiana State University LA 70803 USA

Use of proper application methods and formulations of termiticides are im- portant to reduce their negative impact to the environment. In this study, we conducted laboratory experiments to determine the effect of localized treatments with commercial dust and liquid formulations of fipronil against Formosan subterranean termites, Coptoter- mes formosanus Shiraki. The test arena consisted of a specially designed 16-chambered structure with a center chamber connected to 5 foraging chambers that themselves were connected to 10 additional foraging chambers. One peripheral chamber received a liquid or dust treatment and termites were released in the center chamber. Results showed that 〉 91% of the termites were dead within the 9-d test period despite the localized treatment of only 1 foraging chamber. Termites that were still alive after 9 d were transferred to an untreated dish and held for 10 more days. The majority of those termites were dead and the rest were moribund on day 19. Regardless of the specific dish treated, both formulations of fipronil were found to be highly efficacious. Termites did not exhibit repellency to either formulation. Our results suggest that localized （or spot） treatment with either commer- cially available dust or liquid formulations of fipronil can be a viable option for control of a termite infestation where complete soil drenching is not desirable.

关键词： Formosan subterranean termites nonrepellent termiticide soil treatment,spot treatment termite control

Astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles mediate intercellular communications of the neurogliovascular unit

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第7期16卷 1421-1422页

作者： Augustas Pivoriūnas Alexei Verkhratsky Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre for Innovative MedicineVilnius Lithuania Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchesterUK Achucarro Centre for Neuroscience IKERBASQUEBasque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoSpain

The cortical grey matter of mammals has a specific cyto-architecture defined by the process of "tiling" in which protoplasmic astrocytes parcellate the nervous tissue into spatially segregated territorial domains.

关键词： spatially media domains.

Computational and Empirical Investigation of Propeller Tip Vortex Cavitation Noise

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第2期34卷 232-244页

作者： Savas SEZEN Sakir bal aDepartment of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Yildiz Technical UniversityIstanbul 34349Turkey bDepartment of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul 34469Turkey

In this study,non-cavitating and cavitating flow around the benchmark DTMB 4119 model propeller are solved using both viscous and potential based *** and non-cavitating propeller radiated noises are then predicted by using a hybrid method in which RANS(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes)and FwH(Ffowcs williams Hawkings)equations are solved together in open water *** cavitation on the propeller blades is modelled by using a VOF(Volume of Fiuld)method equipped with Schnerr-Sauer cavitation ***,tip vortex cavitation noise is estimated by using two different semi-empirical techniques,namely Tip Vortex Index(TVI,based on potential flow theory)and Tip Vortex Contribution(TVC).As the reference distance between noise source and receiver is not defined in open water case for TVI technique,one of the outputs of this study is to propose a reference distance for TVI technique by coupling two semi-empirical techniques and ITTC distance *** the defined distance,the starting point of the tip vortex cavitation is determined for different advance ratios and cavitation numbers using potential flow ***,it is examined that whether the hybrid method and potential flow solver give the same noise results at the inception point of tip vortex *** show that TVI method based on potential flow theory is reliable and can practically be used to replace the hybrid method(RANS with FwH approach)when tip vortex cavitation starts.

关键词： FwH equation propeller noise tip vortex cavitation TVI TVC

P-type double gate junctionless tunnel field effect transistor

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Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第1期35卷 27-33页

作者： M.w.Akram Bahniman Ghosh Punyasloka bal Partha Mondal Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Microelectronics Research Center

we have investigated the 20 nm p-type double gate junctionless tunnel field effect transistor （P-DGJLTFET） and the impact of variation of different device parameters on the performance parameters of the P-DGJLTFET is discussed. we achieved excellent results of different performance parameters by taking the optimized device parameters of the P-DGJLTFET. Together with a high-k dielectric material （TiO2） of 20 nm gate length, the simulation results of the P-DGJLTFET show excellent characteristics with a high IoN of ～ 0.3 mA/μm, a low/OFF of ～ 30 fA/μm, a high ION/IOFF ratio of ～ 1×10^10, a subthreshold slope （SS） point of ～ 23 mV/decade, and an average SS of ～ 49 mV/decade at a supply voltage of -1 V and at room temperature, which indicates that PDGJLTFET is a promising candidate for sub-22 nm technology nodes in the implementation of integrated circuits.

关键词： junctionless field effect transistor tunnel field effect transistor subthreshold slope

Carbon and Nickel Oxide/Carbon Composites as Electrodes for Supercapacitors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第10期28卷 931-936页

作者： Liutauras Marcinauskas Zydrūnas kavaliauskas Vitas Valinius Plasma Processing Laboratory Lithuanian Energy Institute Department of Physics Kaunas University of Technology

The carbon and nickel oxide/carbon composite electrodes were prepared by plasma jet and magnetron sput-tering techniques. The investigations were performed to evaluate the influence of the Ar/C2H2 ratio on the specific capacitance values of carbon and NiO/carbon electrodes. The obtained electrodes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy （RS）, and X-ray diffraction techniques. The surface of the carbon electrodes became less porous and more homogenous with increasing Ar/C2H2. The RS results indicated that the fraction of the sp2 carbon sites increased with increasing Ar/C2H2 ratio. The increase of the Ar/C2H2 ratio increased the capacitance values from 0.73 up to 3.8 F/g. Meanwhile, after the deposition of the nickel oxide on the carbon, the capacitance increased ten and more times and varied in the range of 7.6-86.1 F/g.

关键词： Carbon Plasma Nickel oxide Capacitance Supercapacitors

High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第11期12卷 2434-2442页

作者： Mindaugas Juodėnas Erik Strandberg Alexander Grabow.k. Johan Gustavsson HanaŠípová-Jungová Anders Larsson Mikael käll Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology41296 GothenburgSweden Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience Chalmers University of Technology41296 GothenburgSweden

Flat metaoptics components are looking to replace classical optics elements and could lead to extremely compact biophotonics devices if integrated with on-chip light sources and ***,using metasurfaces to shape light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency,as is typically required in high-contrast microscopy applications,remains a *** we demonstrate curved GaAs metagratings integrated on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers(VCSELs)that enable on-chip illumination in total internal reflection and dark field *** on an unconventional design that circumvents the aspect ratio dependent etching problems in monolithic integration,we demonstrate off-axis emission centred at 60°in air and 63°in glass with>90%and>70%relative deflection efficiency,*** resulting laser beam is collimated out-of-plane but maintains Gaussian divergence in-plane,resulting in a long and narrow illumination *** show that metagrating-integrated VCSELs of different kinds can be combined to enable rapid switching between dark-field and total internal reflection *** approach provides a versatile illumination solution for high-contrast imaging that is compatible with conventional microscopy setups and can be integrated with biophotonics devices,such as portable microscopy,NIR-II range bioimaging,and lab-on-a-chip devices.

关键词： illumination deflection optics

Influence of light and habitat on predation of Culex quinquefasciatus （Diptera： Culicidae）larvae by the waterbugs （Hemiptera： Heteroptera）

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Insect Science 2008年第5期15卷 461-469页

作者： Nabaneeta Saha Gautam Aditya Animesh bal Goutam k. Saha Department of Zoology University of Calcutta Zoological Survey of India Kolkata Department of Zoology The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan India

The influence of light and habitat structure on the predation of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae by the common heteropteran water bug, Diplonychus （= Sphaerodema） annulatus, D. rusticus and Anisops bouvieri was assessed in the laboratory. It was revealed that water bugs predate more in presence of light than in dark conditions. while A. bouvieri consumed more prey in structured conditions, D. annulatus and D. rusticus consumed more prey in open conditions. The selection of prey size as well as the respective numbers varied between predators and treatments significantly. Prey vulnerability （PV）, an indicator of predatory efficiency, was highest for D. annulatus, moderate for D. rusticus and low for A. bouvieri. Prey consumption and PV values under different treatment conditions indicate that for belostomatid water bugs D. annulatus and D. rusticus, the order of prey consumption under different habitat and light/dark combinations is light open 〉 dark open 〉 light vegetated 〉 dark vegetated. In the case of the backswimmer, A. bouvieri, the order of prey consumption appeared to be light structured 〉 dark structured 〉 light open 〉 dark open. These findings were consistent with resource-partitioning by water bug species sharing the same guild. If the observed results are extended to natural settings the efficiency of these predators in controlling mosquito populations will vary with the structural complexity of habitats and the intensity of light.

关键词： Belostomatidae biological control Culex quinquefasciatus larva Notonectidae predation

Ground vegetation,forest floor and mineral topsoil in a clear-cutting and reforested Scots pine stands of different ages:a case study

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1247-1257页

作者： DovilėGustienė Iveta Varnagirytė-kabašinskienė Vidas Stakėnas Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Liepųstr.1Girionys53101 Kaunas DistrictLithuania kaunas Forestry and Environmental Engineering University of Applied Sciences Liepųstr.1Girionys53101 Kaunas DistrictLithuania

Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.)is a dominant tree species on nutrient-poor sandy soils in the baltic region’s hemiboreal forests.A final clear-cut in commercial stands is a common ***,the maintenance of relatively stable vegetation indices and ecological processes throughout the rotation promote new scientific and social ***,clear-cuttings disturb forest functions for a certain period,i.e.,phytocenoses with forest-based species composition,biodiversity,and vegetation *** organic carbon(SOC)and nutrients can also be *** key indices,ground vegetation,SOC and main nutrients in the forest floor and in 40-cm topsoil layer were analysed in the clear-cuttings(not reforested)and in reforested 10-,30-,and 101-year-old Scots pine stands in *** results show an increase in species richness at the beginning of stand formation up to 30 years after clear-cutting;species typical of a mature forest occurred relatively quickly *** mean mass of forest floor vegetation was negatively related to the richness of ground vegetation *** floor p H consequently decreased with stand *** SOC levels were in the mature *** the mineral topsoil layers,total SOC and total nitrogen were in the upper 10-cm layer in the 30-year-old stand.A post-harvest peak in mineral N concentration was observed and other nutrients,especially mobile PO,kO,Caand Mg,increased the clear-cuttings and in the 10-year-old stand compared to the mature stand.

关键词： Pinus sylvestris Species cover Richness Soil organic carbon Soil nutrients Mature stand

Neuroprotective properties of extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第6期11卷 904-905页

作者： akvile jarmalaviciūte augustas pivoriūnas Department of Stem Cell Biology State Research Institute Centre forInnovative Medicine Vilnius Lithuania

Extracellular vesicles（EVs）provide a novel mechanism of intercellular communication via the transfer of proteins,lipids,and miR nas between *** is now widely accepted that cargo content of EVs depends on cell type and its physiological ***,EVs derived from healthy cells may have a comparable therapeutic potential as cells themselves.

关键词： vesicles cargo intercellular physiological lipids comparable themselves notion neuronal displayed