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Soil Subgrade’s Characterization and Classification of Thies (Senegal, west Africa) on a Radius of 2.5 Kilometers along Five Roads

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Geomaterials 2016年第1期6卷 1-17页

作者： E.h.B.m. Niakhate Séni Tamba makhaly Ba Adama Dione Issa Ndoye Laboratoire de mécanique et modélisation-UFR Sciences de l’Ingénieur Université de Thies Thies Sénégal Ecole Polytechnique de Thies (EPT/Thies) Thies Sénégal

This article explains the results of a study conducted on the characterizations of subgrade soils in the region of Thies. The road platforms are mainly composed of a background soil, which is generally overlapped by a surface layer that plays two roles. Firstly, it protects the soil structure, ensures the leveling, and facilitates the movement of vehicles. Secondly, it brings harmony in the mechanistic characteristics of the materials that compose the soil while improving the long-term life force. The methodology consisted in taking samples of subgrade soil along the roads all over the region of Thies in a 5 km diameter span. The identification tests allowed the Thies-Tivaoune, Thies-Khombole and Thies-Noto axes are characterized by tight sands, poorly graded size. while Thies Pout-axis is characteristic of severe solid particle size and spread well graded and serious to spread and well graded particle size. Finally the Thies-montrolland axis is characterized by severe to very tight particle size and graduated to spread and serious and well graded particle size. The specific gravity values found Proctor test shows the presence of sand, sandy laterite and laterite. In the target area, polished soils of the A-3 type according to the AAShTO classification system are the most represented with 60%, followed by the A-2-6 type 25%, and the A-2-4 type with 9%, which are typical of gravel, clay, and silty sands. Soils of the A-1-b type (2%) typical of roc fragments, sands and clay are also represented. Polished sands of the A-3 type have a better efficiency on road infrastructures than other types of soil listed above. Finally, we’ve also noted the presence of soils of the A-2-7 and A-4 types with the low percentage of 2%. Subgrade soils of class S4 are the most represented with 58%, followed by those of class S5 with 42%. Samples of the Thies-montrolland road have a claylike plasticity (CL or Ch group), while those of the Thies-Pout road belong to the mL or OL and CL or OL

关键词： Subgrade Soil mechanistic Pavement Design Arc GIS AAShTO CBR Resilient modulus

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The complexity of prognosis communication in heart failure: Patient and cardiologists’ preferences in the outpatient clinical setting

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world Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 108-117页

作者： Patricia h. Strachan heather m. Arthur Catherine Demers Robert J. Robson Department medicine Division of Cardiology McMaster University Hamilton Canada Department of Community health Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of Manitoba Winnipeg Canada Faculty of health Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Canada. heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario Ottawa Canada

Background: The determination of prognosis in heart failure (hF) has focused primarily on the identification of potential biological and physiological markers and not on communication. high morbidity and mortality rates suggest that patients require prognostic information to assist in life planning. This study examined the preferences of both patients with hF and cardiologists for prognosis communication in the outpatient clinical setting, with the aim of guiding practitioners in undertaking prognosis conversations. methods: Using qualitative descriptive techniques informed by a grounded theory approach, 32 patients with hF and 9 cardiologists from outpatient settings in Ontario, Canada were interviewed to identify convergent preferences for prognosis communication. Strategies to enhance methodological rigor were employed. Results: Individualized, context-specific prognosis communication between patients and cardiologists was preferred. Two main themes and ten related attributes were identified to describe convergent preferences;1) Set the Stage for Prognosis Communication, and 2) map the hF route. Attributes reflected the complex, dynamic, interactive and iterative nature of prognosis communication preferences. Conclusions: Prognosis communication occurs within a complex, adaptive healthcare system. while specific preferences exist, changing contextual elements within and outside of the system create conditions that require cardiologists to adjust their approach to individual patients. Patients with hF and cardiologists each have preferences that affect their willingness and ability to engage in dyadic hF-specific prognosis communication. Findings have relevance for the implementation of any efforts, including hF guidelines, aimed at improving prognosis communication. Our findings, informed by a complexity science approach, offer an innovative and robust alternative to traditional linear approaches to prognosis communication.

关键词： heart Failure Prognosis Communication Complex Adaptive Systems

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《认知行为疗法减轻耳鸣、听觉过敏及恐声症所致痛苦的现状》摘译

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听力学及言语疾病杂志 2021年第1期29卷 117-119页

作者：余炎林(摘译) 张剑宁(审校) Aazh h Landgrebe m Danesh AA 湖北省枝江市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科枝江443200 上海中医药大学附属岳阳医院耳鼻咽喉科不详

1耳鸣的定义和心理学影响耳鸣是没有外部声音刺激的情况下对声音的感知。耳鸣常见描述有:嗡嗡声、高音调噪声、口哨声、瀑布声、砂轮声、铃声、静电噪声等,大约20%的患者无法描述他们的耳鸣声。大多数耳鸣患者伴有某种程度的听力损失,... 详细信息

1耳鸣的定义和心理学影响耳鸣是没有外部声音刺激的情况下对声音的感知。耳鸣常见描述有:嗡嗡声、高音调噪声、口哨声、瀑布声、砂轮声、铃声、静电噪声等,大约20%的患者无法描述他们的耳鸣声。大多数耳鸣患者伴有某种程度的听力损失,但并非所有的听力损失患者都有耳鸣。英国最近一项针对在耳鸣和听觉过敏诊所就诊的445例患者的研究表明,耳鸣的响度与听力损失的严重程度有关。

关键词：声音刺激认知行为疗法听觉过敏听力损失耳鸣嗡嗡声心理学影响

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射频消融后肝细胞癌的侵袭性肝段内复发:危险因素和临床意义

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国际医学放射学杂志 2015年第5期 476-477页

作者： T.w.Kang h.K.Lim m.w.Lee Y.Kim h.Rhim w.J.Lee 叶露 Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

摘要目的评价肝细胞癌（hCC）射频消融（RFA）治疗后侵袭性肝段内复发（AIR）的比例、危险因素和临床意义。材料与方法本回顾性研究经机构伦理委员会批准。收集从2005年3月—2010年12月间Barcelona临床肝癌分期（Barcelona Clinic Liver... 详细信息

摘要目的评价肝细胞癌（hCC）射频消融（RFA）治疗后侵袭性肝段内复发（AIR）的比例、危险因素和临床意义。材料与方法本回顾性研究经机构伦理委员会批准。收集从2005年3月—2010年12月间Barcelona临床肝癌分期（Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer,BCLC）为0期或A期的hCC病人539例(男414例,女125例;年龄30;2岁;平均57.91

关键词：肝细胞癌射频消融 hCC 肝段侵袭性临床意义

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Thermal and Crystallization Behavior of PLA/PLLA-Grafting Cellulose Nanocrystal

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materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第1期11卷 44-57页

作者： Erika m. Inácio Diego h. S. Souza marcos L. Dias Instituto de macromoléculas Professora Eloisa mano (ImA) Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

PLLA-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were produced from commercial CNC by tin-catalyzed polymerization of lactide in presence of CNC. FTIR spectroscopy demonstrated that the result of the reaction produced the grafting of PLLA chains onto CNC surface (CNC-g-PLLA). Films of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/CNC nanocomposites (with non-modified CNC and CNC-g-PLLA) containing 0.5% and 5% (w/w) of the nanofillers were prepared by casting in chloroform solution and the crystallization behavior and thermal properties investigated. All nano-composites had similar thermal stability when analyzed by TGA analyses under an inert nitrogen atmosphere. Addition of both types of CNC influenced crystallization, the higher crystallization rate being observed for 5% (w/w) CNC. Nanocomposites with 5% (w/w) CNC-g-PLLA had the strain resistance of PLA improved in the rubbery state. PLLA-modification of CNC surface increased the crystallization of PLA in PLA/CNC nanocomposites and improved the rigidity at temperatures above the glass transition, properties which are desirable for hot drinking application.

关键词： Nanocrystals Cellulose Poly(Lactic Acid) Grafting Crystallizations

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Advances in Tropical Soil Characterization via Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

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Pedosphere 2019年第4期29卷 468-482页

作者： Elen A. SILVA David C. wEINDORF Sergio h. G. SILVA Bruno T. RIBEIRO Giovana C. POGGERE Teotonio S. CARVALhO mariana G. m. GONQALVES Luiz R. G. GUILhERmE Nilton CURI Department of Soil Science Federal University of Lavras Lavras 37200-000 (Brazil) Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University Texas 79409-2122 (USA)

Portable X-ray fluorescence(pXRF) spectrometers can be used to determine the elemental composition easily, rapidly, and without using chemical reagents, which is very important for tropical regions due to the lack of detailed soil characterization data. moreover,pXRF data can be used to predict the results of more expensive, time-consuming, and conventional laboratory analyses. This study sought to determine the elemental composition of various soil profiles using pXRF. Two operational modes(Trace mode and General mode) and two scanning time(30 and 60 s) were assessed to determine their effects on the correlation of pXRF dataset with respect to conventional inductively coupled plasma(ICP)-optical emission spectrometry analysis. This relationship has been reported in previous studies, however, few studies were performed on tropical soils, which are unique. Furthermore, such relationships establish the viability of developing prediction models directly from pXRF data. Linear regression was applied to develop calibration models for the prediction of ICP analysis results and exchangeable and available elemental contents based on pXRF data. high coefficients of determination(R^2) were obtained for Ca(0.87), Cu(0.90), Fe(0.95), mn(0.85), Cr(0.95), V(0.72), and Ni(0.90), with adequate validation. Statistically significant results were not found for Al, K, Zn, Ti, and Zr. The models predicting the exchangeable Ca based on the total Ca from p XRF reached an R^2 of up to 0.85. Operational modes influenced the pXRF results. Our results illustrate that pXRF holds great promise for tropical soil characterization and the development of prediction models, justifying the need for larger-scale studies in tropical countries worldwide.

关键词： elemental composition exchangeable Ca inductively coupled plasma operational mode prediction models scanning time soil analysis total elemental content

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CO-EVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL FOR FIShERIES TRANSFORmATIONS UNDER TEChNOLOGICAL ChANGE:OFF-ShORE wIND ENERGY AND OPEN-OCEAN AQUACULTURE IN GERmANY

CO-EVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL FOR FISHERIES TRANSFORMATIONS UNDE...

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第三世界生态高峰会

作者： Buck Bela h. Alfred wegener Institute for Polar and marine Research.Am handelshafen 12 27570 Bremerhaven Germany

The presented study provides a brief overview of recent offshore wind and aquaculture farming developments in the North Sea of *** specifically aims to ascertain the biological,technical,and economic feasibility of an offshore marine aquaculture structure for extensive culture of kelp and *** further describes the prospects of a policy-driven co-management approach in situations of open access to and of increasing pressure on resources,using the multifunctional use approach of offshore wind farms and open ocean aquaculture in the Exclusive Economic Zone within the German North Sea as an example. Along the German North Sea coast the highly competitive and spatially overlapping uses have encouraged the development of integrated approaches for open ocean aquaculture in conjunction with offshore wind farms beyond the 12 nautical miles ***,moving offshore is not an easy task due to the harsh conditions of the North Sea, *** currents(tip to 2.5 m/s)combined with higb waves(up to 7 m).without the solid foundations of wind turbines,*** or tripods,as attachment points,economic sound installations of equipment for mariculture would not be ***,one of the most important questions pertains whether it is technically possible and economic feasible to use the offshore foundation structures as fixation device for aquaculture *** such aquaculture enterprises an extensive cultivation of various species,blue mussels(mytilus edulis), oysters(Ostrea edulis,Crassostrea gigas),and seaweed(Laminaria saccharina),was *** synergy of the two stakeholders(wind farmers and aquaculturists),the so called multifunctional utilisation of marine areas,can be viewed as a new concept by the implementation of integrated,consensus-based resource planning *** analysis shows that co-management clearly has the potential to turn nonviable, de facto open access to offshore areas into effective common property ***

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Nitrogen Fertilization and Inoculation Effects on Dry Bean

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 1065-1081页

作者： Ryan Buetow Grant h. mehring hans Kandel Burton Johnson Juan m. Osorno Department of Plant Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo ND USA

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has the ability to form symbiotic relationships with N2-fixing bacteria. The research objectives were to evaluate yield and growth differences between dry bean cultivars from black, navy, and pinto market classes, with different N management combinations utilizing urea fertilizer, and two rhizobacteria inoculants. Research was conducted near Park River and Prosper, ND, during 2010, 2012, 2013. The experiment was a RCBD 3 × 2 × 3 factorial with four replicates with three dry bean cultivars, two N fertility levels, and two rhizobacteria inoculum sources plus a non-inoculated treatment. The pinto cultivar was also evaluated in 2014. Results showed significant cultivar main effect differences for nodules per plant, vigor, height, and 1000 seed weight. The pinto cultivar had significantly more nodules per root (19) compared with the black (13) and navy cultivars (9). There were not significant differences between inoculant treatments. The fertilizer main effect indicated significant differences for vigor and 1000 seed weight. No significant interactions were detected among factors. Addition of 56 kg N ha-1 resulted in more vigorous plants, but had no effect on seed yield, and reduced 1000 seed weight at harvest at Park River in 2013. Root nodule number was higher with the inoculant treatments with 16.2 and 15.8 nodules per plant compared to the non-inoculated treatment with 10.7 nodules per plant at Park River in 2013. The pinto variety Lariat with an application of 56 kg ha-1 had visually greener plants in 2013 and 2014, except Park River in 2013, but SPAD readings were not following the same trend. Inoculation and application of N fertilizer on dry bean may not be necessary if rhizobacteria are present and soil N levels are sufficiently high but future research on rates, timing, and N source and appropriate strains of Rhizobia inoculant on other pinto varieties is suggested.

关键词： Dry Bean Rhizobacteria Nitrogen Legume

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一种开式或闭式动力变速器性能的预测

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传动技术 2000年第4期14卷 47-51,32页

作者： h-S Jo w-S Lim Y-I Park J-m Lee Institute of Adavanced machinery and Design Seoul National UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Automotive Engineering Seoul National Polytechnic UniversitySeoulKorea 不详

本文介绍一种设计具有转差元件和行星齿轮的开环变速箱的车辆的性能预测方法。同时采用数学模型对这种装置的内功率流程图进行理论分析。推荐一种用性能迹线图表示整个装置特性的几何方法有效测定新设计的动力变速箱。它完全可以定性预... 详细信息

本文介绍一种设计具有转差元件和行星齿轮的开环变速箱的车辆的性能预测方法。同时采用数学模型对这种装置的内功率流程图进行理论分析。推荐一种用性能迹线图表示整个装置特性的几何方法有效测定新设计的动力变速箱。它完全可以定性预测性能和设计因素的影响。这些因素是装置的设计 ,行星齿轮传动的类型和速比以及转差元件的设计参数 ,采用测功仪对动力变速器的预测结果进行试验比较。

关键词：开式或闭式变速器性能迹线图转差元件行星齿轮传动测功仪

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hIV clinic caregivers’ spiritual and religious attitudes and behaviors

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health 2010年第7期2卷 796-803页

作者： Elizabeth A. Catlin Jeanne h. Guillemin Julie m. Freedman mary martha Thiel 不详

Based on prior research, we hypothesized that staff in an outpatient clinic caring for an hIV patient population might rely on religious and spiritual frameworks to cope with the strains of their work and that their responses to a spiritual and religious survey might reflect work-related spiritual distress. Surveys were completed by 78.7% of staff (n = 59). All respondents scored in the "moderate"range for religious and spiritual well-being as well as existential satisfaction with living. The large majority agreed that the religious and spiritual concerns of patients have a place in patient care. Nurses, (88.2% of nurse respondents) viewed assessing the spiritual needs of patients as their responsibility, (p = 0.03). while 82% of hIV clinic respondents privately prayed for patients always, often or sometimes, this did not include physicians. Physicians in this clinic setting appeared to be less spiritual and religious, based on their survey responses, than coworkers and than US physicians in general. The majority of clinic physicians (78%) believed that God does not suffer with the suffering patients, in contrast to the majority of support staff (69%) and nearly half of the nurses, who believed that God does suffer with them, (p = 0.018). Contrary to our expectation, respondents did not report work-related spiritual distress, which may be related to improved therapies that can prolong and improve patients’ lives. Survey data revealed, however, a surprising level of engagement in and reliance on spiritual and religious frameworks among nurses and support staff. whether the absence of measured spiritual distress is linked, in a causal rather than random manner, to spiritual and religious reliance by certain of these health care providers, is unknown.

关键词： Spirituality Religion Caregivers Caregiver Burden

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