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MAVEN observation of magnetosonic waves in the Martian magnetotail region

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第2期8卷 317-325页

作者： ShangChun Teng JiCheng Sun Jiawei Gao y.Harada Markus Fraenz DeSheng Han State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology School of Ocean and Earth ScienceTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China MNR Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaShanghai 200136China Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Geophysics Kyoto UniversityKyotoJapan Max-Planck-Institute for Solar System Research GoettingenGermany

Magnetosonic waves are an important medium for energy transfer in collisionless space *** waves have been widely investigated in the upstream of the bow shock at *** waves are believed to originate from pickup ions or reflected *** utilizing MAVEN spacecraft data,we have observed the occurrence of quasi-perpendicularly propagating magnetosonic emissions near the proton gyrofrequency in the Martian magnetotail *** plasma waves are associated with a significant enhancement of proton and oxygen *** excited magnetosonic waves could possibly heat the protons through resonance and facilitate the ionospheric plasma *** results could be helpful to better understand the Mars’magnetospheric dynamics and offer insights into possible energy redistribution between waves and plasma in the Martian nightside magnetosphere.

关键词： Martian magnetotail region magnetosonic waves proton escape

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“yin-yang philosophy” for the design of anticancer drug delivery nanoparticles

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Biomaterials Translational 2024年第2期5卷 144-156页

作者： Ai y. Tian y. Qiao J. wang C. Li H. School of Lifesciences Shanghai University Shanghai China

Understanding the in vivo transport process provides guidelines for designing ideal nanoparticles (NPs) with higher efficacy and fewer off-target effects. Many factors, such as particle size, morphology, surface potential, structural stability, and etc., may influence the delivering process of NPs due to the existence of various physiological barriers within the body. Herein, we summarise the distinct influences of NP physicochemical properties on the four consecutive in vivo transport steps: (1) navigating with bloodstream within blood vessels, (2) transport across vasculature walls into tumour tissues, (3) intratumoural transport through the interstitial space, and (4) cellular uptake & intracellular delivery by cancerous cells. we found that the philosophy behind the current consensus for NP design has certain similarities to the “yin-yang” theory in traditional Chinese culture. Almost all physicochemical properties, regardless of big or small sizes, long or short length, positive or negative zeta potentials, are double-edged swords. The balance of potential benefits and side effects, drug selectivity and accessibility should be fully considered when optimising particle design, similar to the “yin-yang harmony”. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the advancements in NPs research, focusing on their distinct features in tumour targeting, drug delivery, and cell uptake. Additionally, it deliberates on future developmental trends and potential obstacles, thereby aiming to uncover the ways these characteristics influence the NPs’ biological activity and provide theoretical guidance for the targeted delivery of NPs. © 2024, Chinese Medical Multimedia Press Co Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： in vivo drug delivery nanoparticle design on-demand drug release targeting strategy “yin-yang harmony”

Investigations of nuclear chirality at iThemba LABS

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 7-38页

作者： R.A.Bark E.A.Lawrie C.Liu S.y.wang iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences National Research FoundationP.O.Box 722Somerset-West 7129South Africa Department of Physics University of the Western CapePrivate Bag X177535BellvilleSouth Africa Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment Institute of Space SciencesShandong UniversityWeihai 264209China

Progress in the studies of chirality in atomic nuclei at iThemba LABS is *** regions of chirality,around mass 80 and 190 have been discovered using the AFRODITE array,specifically in the nuclei^(74)As,^(78,80,82)Br,^(81)Kr,and^(193,194,198)*** phenomena have been observed,including multiple chiral bands in the same nucleus,the coexistence of octupole correlations and nuclear chirality,and the coexistence of pseudo spin and nuclear *** best example of chiral degeneracy to date was found in ^(194)*** level scheme of ^(106)Ag has been revisited and interpreted in terms of two-and four-quasiparticle *** using the particle-rotor model have shown that the fingerprints of chirality in the two-quasiparticle system only can occur in an idealised model *** systems with a higher number of quasiparticles,the calculations showed that nuclear chirality can persist.

关键词： chirality high-spin states particle-rotor model

Search for production of dark fermion candidates in association with heavy neutral gauge boson decaying to dimuon in proton-proton collisions at√s=8 TeV using CMS open data

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 6-13页

作者： y.Mahmoud H.Abdallah M.T.Hussein S.Elgammal Centre for theoretical physics The British University in EgyptEgypt Physics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityEgypt

In this study,we conducted a search for dark matter using a part of the data recorded by the CMS experiment during run-I of the LHC in 2012 with a center of mass energy of 8 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 11.6 fb−*** data were gathered from the CMS open *** matter,in the framework of the simplified model(mono-Z′),can be produced from proton-proton collisions in association with a new hypothetical gauge boson,Z′.Thus,the search was conducted in the dimuon plus large missing transverse momentum *** benchmark scenario of mono-Z′,which is known as light vector,was used for interpreting the CMS open *** evidence of dark matter was observed,and exclusion limits were set on the masses of dark matter and Z′at 95%confidence level.

关键词： dark matter large hadron collider CMS open data search for new physics dark fermion

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Robotic reconstructive surgery: The time has arrived

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 339-340,F0002页

作者： Brian w.Chao Department of Urology Lewis Katz School of MedicineTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA

Thank you to the Asian Journal of Urology(AJU)for the honor of allowing me to be the guest editor for this special focus section on robotic urinary tract *** topic has been a large focus for me in my career;in my pursuit of knowledge in this new sub-field of urology,I have been so fortunate to have met so many talented surgeons who share a similar *** urinary tract spans a large anatomical region,and due to the large variety of conditions that affect it,an endless variety of functional and structural urologic problems can *** have always been adept surgeons capable of operating in various anatomical spaces and have embraced technological ***,the trend has moved from open surgery to endoscopic treatment;however,many patients with reconstructive needs remain untreated or sub-optimally managed.

关键词： surgery constructive editor

Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.wang X.Zhang F.Q.Meng y.P.wang y.Q.Gao H.B.cai S.P.Zhu Graduate School China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

we examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(BSRS)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the BSRS evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

Colorful facial markings are associated with foraging rates and affiliative relationships in a wild group-living cichlid fish

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 70-78页

作者： Brett M.Culbert James B.Barnett Isaac y.Ligocki Matthew G.Salena Marian y.L.wong Ian M.Hamilton Sigal Balshine Department of Integrative Biology University of GuelphGuelphOntarioCanada Department of Psychology Neuroscience&BehaviourMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Department of Evolution Ecologyand Organismal BiologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Biology Millersville UniversityMillersvillePAUSA School of Earth Atmospheric and Life SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Many animals use color to signal their quality and/or behavioral *** signals have been well studied in the contexts of competi-tion and mate choice;however,the role of these signals in nonsexual,affiliative relationships is not as well ***,we used wild social groups of the cichlid fish Neolamprologus pulcher to investigate whether the size of a brightly colored facial patch was related to 1)individual quality,2)social dominance,and/or 3)affiliative *** with larger patches spent more time foraging and tended to perform more aggressive acts against conspecific territory *** did not find any evidence that the size of these yellow patches was related to social rank or body size,but dominant males tended to have larger patches than dominant ***,patch size had a rank-specific relationship with the number of affiliative interactions that individuals engaged *** males with large patches received fewer affiliative acts from their groupmates compared to dominant males with small ***,subordinates with large patches tended to receive more affiliative acts from their groupmates while performing fewer affiliative acts *** together,our results suggest that patch size reflects interindividual variation in foraging effort in this cichlid fish and offer some of the first evidence that colorful signals may shape affiliative relationships withinwildsocialgroups.

关键词： affiliation foraging Lake Tanganyika Neolamprologus pulcher visual signals

Factors influencing farmers' adoption of solar water-pumping systems in Gujarat

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CLEAN ENERGy 2024年第3期8卷 157-165页

作者： Kumar, M. Sathish Lad, y. A. Pundir, R. S. Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Anand 388110 Gujarat India Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Dept HRD & PM Anand 388110 Gujarat India Anand Agr Univ Int Agribusiness Management Inst Dept Agribusiness Econ & Pol Anand 388110 Gujarat India

Agriculture has played an important role in the growth of the Indian economy. water and electricity are essential inputs for agriculture today. India produces the third-largest amount of electricity in the world, behind China and the USA. As an incentive to increase production, most states provide free electricity to farmers. Free electricity has decreased groundwater levels and increased electricity consumption. The objective of this study was to find out the factors that influenced farmers to adopt a solar water-pumping system in Gujarat. The samples were randomly selected. This study examined the entire state of Gujarat. One hundred and fifty farmers who adopted solar water-pumping systems were interviewed, including 50 banana farmers, 50 cotton farmers and 50 groundnut farmers. Primary data were collected through an interview. The adoption of solar water-pumping systems by farmers was identified using factor analysis. SPSS software was used to analyse the data collected. In this study, only two factors contributed to the variance of 59.469%. The adoption of solar water pumps by farmers was influenced by government policy and economic benefits. An economic benefit variance of 33.20% was found, while a government policy variance was 26.27%. A solar water-pumping system has low initial costs, flexible credit policies motivate adoption, solar water-pumping systems can save electricity, and maintenance and repair costs are affordable. Government policy that includes solar water-pumping systems is motivated by awareness, subsidies for adoption and a fair price to sell energy surpluses. Farmers are recommended to adopt a solar water-pumping system in conjunction with a drip irrigation system to receive additional income. The successful scheme will be recommended to other states in India for implementation. The factors that influence farmers to adopt a solar water-pumping system in Gujarat, India are identified based on interviews with one hundred and fifty randomly sel

关键词： solar water-pumping system factor analysis banana cotton groundnut famers PURCHASE INTENTION ENERGy AREAS

Decomposition solutions and B?cklund transformations of the B-type and C-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equations

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期 36-46页

作者： Xiazhi Hao S y Lou College of Science Zhejiang University of Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Ningbo University

This paper introduces a modified formal variable separation approach, showcasing a systematic and notably straightforward methodology for analyzing the B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili(BKP) equation. Through the application of this approach, we successfully ascertain decomposition solutions, B?cklund transformations, the Lax pair, and the linear superposition solution associated with the aforementioned equation. Furthermore, we expand the utilization of this technique to the C-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili(CKP) equation, leading to the derivation of decomposition solutions, B?cklund transformations, and the Lax pair specific to this *** results obtained not only underscore the efficacy of the proposed approach, but also highlight its potential in offering a profound comprehension of integrable behaviors in nonlinear systems. Moreover, this approach demonstrates an efficient framework for establishing interrelations between diverse systems.

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