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effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles w.R.Reed e.Sarver department of Mining and Minerals engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust downstream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization was not a focus of such studies,this is a growing area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current work aims to explore the effect of two different scrubbers(one wet and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition was not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the wet scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber was not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location downstream of the scrubber which allowed for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained with respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this work demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow-up investigation more broadly.

关键词： Respirable dust dust control SeM–edX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

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A brief history of the Compendium of Physical Activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara e.Ainsworth Stephen d.Herrmann david R.jacobs Jr. Melicia C.whitt-Glover Catrine Tudor-Locke School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of epidemiology and Community Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was developed to address consistent assignment of physical activity(PA)intensity values used in PA epidemiology research of the association between PA and health outcomes.1The known protective effects of PA on incident health outcomes traces to the mid-1900s,with over 50 studies examining coronary heart disease(CHd)as the outcome of interest.

关键词： epidemiology Activities protective

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The magnetosheath at high spectral resolution

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 234-246页

作者： K.d.Küntz d.Koutroumpa w.R.dunn A.Foster F.S.Porter d.G.Sibeck B.walsh The Henry A.Rowland department of Physics and Astronomy Johns Hopkins University3701 San Martin DriveBaltimoreMD21218USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt RoadGreenbeltMD 20771USA LATMOS-OVSQ CNRSUVSQ Paris-SaclaySorbonne Université11 Boulevard d’Alembert78280GuyancourtFrance department of Physics and Astronomy University College LondonLondonUK The Centre for Planetary Science at UCL/Birkbeck Gower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK Center for Astrophysics Harvard University&Smithsonian Institution60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Center for Space Physics Boston University110 Cummington MallBostonMAUSA

while we eagerly anticipate SMILe’s(Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link explorer)unprecedented X-ray observations of the earth’s magnetosheath and the initiation of a new era of magnetospheric research,it seems appropriate to look ahead to the abilities of the next generation of astrophysics *** these,the Line emission Mapper(LeM),a large aperture micro-calorimeter based mission,is currently planned to be able to observe the magnetosheath at high spectral resolution(~2 eV).with a field of view of~30′,LeM will allow higher spatial resolution and higher cadence measurement of the motion of a very small portion of the magnetopause over relatively short periods of time(multiple hours),complementing SMILe’s global ***’s strength is its spectral *** will be able to measure the abundance of a broad range of elements and ionization states,many of which are inaccessible to current in situ instruments,and will be able to separate the emission from the magnetosheath from the emission from the cosmic X-ray background using the difference in their relative velocities.

关键词： magnetosheath charge exchange solar wind abundances

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enhancing early detection of Lung Cancer through Advanced Image Processing Techniques and deep Learning Architectures for CT Scans

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Computers, Materials and Continua 2024年第1期81卷 271-307页

作者： Tawfik N. emara H.M. el-Shafai w. Soliman N.F. Algarni A.d. Abd el-Samie F.e. Computers and Systems department Electronics Research Institute El Nozha Huckstep Cairo 12622 Egypt department of electronics and electrical Communications engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf 32952 Egypt Security engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh 11586 Saudi Arabia department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 84428 Saudi Arabia

Lung cancer remains a major concern in modern oncology due to its high mortality rates and multifaceted origins, including hereditary factors and various clinical changes. It stands as the deadliest type of cancer and a significant cause of cancer-related deaths globally. early diagnosis enables healthcare providers to administer appropriate treatment measures promptly and accurately, leading to improved prognosis and higher survival rates. The significant increase in both the incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer, particularly its ranking as the second most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, underscores the need for comprehensive research into efficient screening methods. Advances in diagnostic techniques, particularly the use of computed tomography (CT) scans, have revolutionized the identification of lung cancer. CT scans are renowned for their ability to provide high-resolution images and are particularly effective in detecting small, calcified areas, crucial for identifying early-stage lung cancer. Consequently, there is growing interest in enhancing computer-aided detection (CAd) systems. These algorithms assist radiologists by reducing false-positive interpretations and improving the accuracy of early cancer diagnosis. This study aims to enhance the effectiveness of CAd systems through various methods. Initially, the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram equalization (CLAHe) algorithm is employed to preprocess CT scan images, thereby improving their visual quality. Further refinement is achieved by integrating different optimization strategies with the CLAHe method. The CutMix data augmentation technique is applied to boost the performance of the proposed model. A comparative analysis is conducted using deep learning architectures such as Inception-V3, ResNet101, Xception, and efficientNet. The study evaluates the performance of these architectures in image classification tasks, both with and without the implementation of the CLAHe algorithm. The em

关键词： CLAHe algorithm classification deep learning feature extraction healthcare applications Lung cancer detection optimization

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Perturbations in the earthworm metabolite profile during a two-week exposure to metformin

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emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 221-229页

作者： J.d.Gillis G.w.Price S.O.Prasher department of Bioresource engineering McGill UniversityFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMacdonald-Stewart Building MS1-02721111 Lakeshore RoadSainte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada department of engineering Dalhousie UniversityFaculty of Agriculture39 Cox RoadPO Box 550TruroNova ScotiaB2N 5E3Canada

Metformin is among the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in many countries,and as a result has shown up in biosolids derived from municipal wastewater treatment that are destined for land *** humans taking metformin,the effects include reduced glucose uptake in the intestine,a reduction in gluconeogenesis,increased oxidation of fatty acids,and reduced fatty acid *** effects of metformin on soil-dwelling organisms are not well *** study tested the effects of metformin exposure(0,10,40,160,640μg g^(-1))on the earthworm(***)at four time points(6 h,2 d,7 d,and 14 d)using GC-MS to reveal sub-lethal effects and elucidate potential modes of action for *** were no mortalities observed,and earthworms exposed to the highest concentrations(160 and 640μg g^(-1))gained weight relative to the control on days 7 and *** reductions on day 7 were observed for glucose and malic acid(consistent with a reduction in gluconeogenesis),and for palmitic and margaric acid(consistent with increased oxidation and reduced synthesis of fatty acids).Lactic acid ranked first and second among canonicals 1 and 2 respectively and led to significant differences in discriminant scores across concentration and *** levels increased to equal or greater than the control on day 14,likely caused by reduced exposure as metformin is reported to be readily transformed by microorganisms under aerobic *** observations were consistent with the known effects of metformin in humans,and suggests that a similar mode of action exists in earthworms.

关键词： Metabolites Toxicity earthworms Metformin GC-MS

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Performance analysis of deep borehole heat exchangers for decarbonization of heating systems

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deep Underground Science and engineering 2024年第3期3卷 349-357页

作者： Andreas e.d.Lund department of electrical engineering and Automation Aalto UniversityEspooFinland

Meeting the climate change mitigation targets will require a substantial shift from fossil to clean fuels in the heating *** pumps with deep borehole exchangers are a promising solution to reduce *** the thermal behavior of deep borehole exchangers(dBHes)ranging from 1 to 2 km was analyzed for various heat flow profiles.A strong correlation between thermal energy extraction and power output from dBHes was found,also influenced by the heating profile *** operating time over the year typically resulted in higher energy production,while shorter one yielded higher average thermal power output,highlighting the importance of the choice of heating strategy and system design for optimal performance of *** breaks in operation for regenerating the borehole,for example,with waste heat,proved to be favorable for the performance yielding an overall heat output close to the same as with continuous extraction of *** results demonstrate the usefulness of deep boreholes for dense urban areas with less available *** the heat production from a single dBHe in Finnish conditions ranges from half up to even a few Gwh a year,the technology is best suitable for larger heat loads.

关键词： clean energy deep borehole exchangers energy transition geothermal heat ground-coupled heat pump

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Converting TRex-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang d.M.Gillies e.Spanswick e.F.donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region explorer(TRex)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and *** the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a TRex-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm *** this rationale,the TRex mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm *** this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB *** illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the TRex spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport *** demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the TRex-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake *** RGB response is found to be *** conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TRex-RGB data *** methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SMILe ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TRex RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

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The multi-impurity system in CdSe nanoplatelets:electronic structure and thermodynamic properties

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 165-173页

作者： d A Baghdasaryan V A Harutynyan e M Kazaryan H A Sarkisyan Russian-Armenian University H Emin 1230051YerevanArmenia Institute of Applied Problems of Physics 25 Nersisyan St0014YerevanArmenia

This paper theoretically studies the impurity states and the effects of impurity concentration and configuration on the optical,electrical,and statistical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets(NPLs).An image charge-based model of electron-impurity interaction is *** charge-carrier energy spectra and corresponding wave functions depending on the impurity number and configuration are *** electron binding energies are calculated for different NPL *** is shown that the image charge-based interaction potential that arises due to the dielectric constants mismatch is much stronger than the interaction potential that does not take such a mismatch into ***,it is demonstrated that the binding energies are increasing with the number of *** calculate the canonical partition function using the energy levels of the electron,which in turn is used to obtain the mean energy,heat capacity,and entropy of the non-interacting electron *** thermodynamic properties of the non-interacting electron gas that depend on the geometric parameters of the NPL,impurity number,configuration,and temperature are studied.

关键词： nanoplateletes thermodynamic properties impurity states

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Highly enhanced UV absorption and light emission of monolayer wS_(2)through hybridization with Ti_(2)N MXene quantum dots and g-C_(3)N_(4)quantum dots

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Opto-electronic Advances 2024年第6期7卷 31-39页

作者： Anir S.Sharbirin Rebekah e.Kong wendy B.Mato Trang Thu Tran eunji Lee Jolene w.P.Khor Afrizal L.Fadli Jeongyong Kim department of energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Two-dimensional(2d)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMd)are atomically thin semiconductors with promising optoelectronic applications across the visible ***,their intrinsically weak light absorption and the low photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)restrict their performance and potential use,especially in ultraviolet(UV)wavelength light *** dots(Qd)derived from 2d materials(2d/Qd)provide efficient light absorption and emission of which energy can be tuned for desirable light *** this study,we greatly enhanced the photon absorption and PLQY of monolayer(1L)tungsten disulfide(wS_(2))in the UV range via hybridization with 2d/Qd,particularly titanium nitride MXene Qd(Ti_(2)N MQd)and graphitic carbon nitride Qd(GCNQd).with the hybridization of MQd or GCNQd,1LwS_(2)showed a maximum PL enhancement by 15 times with 300 nm wavelength excitation,while no noticeable enhancement was observed when the excitation photon energy was less than the bandgap of the Qd,indicating that UV absorption by the Qd played a crucial role in enhancing the light emission of 1L-wS_(2)in our 0d/2d hybrid *** findings present a convenient method for enhancing the photo-response of 1L-wS_(2)to UV light and offer exciting possibilities for harvesting UV energy using 1L-TMd.

关键词： monolayer TMd wS_(2) 2d-derived quantum dots UV absorption energy transfer

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2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen d.Herrmann erik A.willis Barbara e.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John M.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai Minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke Melicia C.whitt-Glover david R. jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA division of Physical Activity and weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China exercise Science department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA division of epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(MeT)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated MeTs with measured values when ***:we screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing MeT values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of MeTs for older *** added a Major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 Major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults energy expenditure exercise MeT Physical Activities

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