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effects of dust controls on respirable coal mine dust composition and particle sizes:case studies on auxiliary scrubbers and canopy air curtain

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第3期11卷 86-101页

作者： F.Animah C.Keles w.r.reed.e.sarver Department of Mining and Minerals engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute&State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA

Control of dust in underground coal mines is critical for mitigating both safety and health *** decades,the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health(NIOSH)has led research to evaluate the effectiveness of various dust control technologies in coal *** studies have included the evaluation of auxiliary scrubbers to reduce respirable dust downstream of active mining and the use of canopy air curtains(CACs)to reduce respirable dust in key operator *** detailed dust characterization was not a focus of such studies,this is a growing area of *** preserved filter samples from three previous NIOSH studies,the current work aims to explore the effect of two different scrubbers(one wet and one dry)and a roof bolter CAC on respirable dust composition and particle size *** this,the preserved filter samples were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and/or scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive *** indicate that dust composition was not appreciably affected by either scrubber or the ***,the wet scrubber and CAC appeared to decrease the overall particle size *** an effect of the dry scrubber was not consistently observed,but this is probably related to the particular sampling location downstream of the scrubber which allowed for significant mixing of the scrubber exhaust and other return *** from the insights gained with respect to the three specific dust control case studies revisited here,this work demonstrates the value of preserved dust samples for follow-up investigation more broadly.

关键词： respirable dust Dust control SeM–eDX Scrubber Canopy air curtain Silica

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Implications for brainstem recovery from studies in primates after sensory loss from arm

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Neural regeneration research 2024年第3期19卷 479-480页

作者： Jamie L.reed Hui-Xin Qi Jon H.Kaas Department of Psychology Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTNUSA

For decades,researchers have known that when neurons lose their activating inputs,they can atrophy and even *** example,removing sensory nerve inputs from the arm to the spinal cord after amputation or cutting the spinal nerves can shrink the post-synaptic target zones(e.g.,woods et al.,2000).From touch receptors for the hand and arm,primary nerve afferents enter the spinal cord,and axons travel in the dorsal columns to target the cuneate nucleus(Cu)of the brainstem on the same side of the body(Figure 1).when sensory loss is unilateral,the overwhelming result is for the associated primary target zone to shrink in total size(cross-sectional area),as compared to the size of the opposite side.

关键词： brainstem shrink removing

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Poor maternal nutrition inhibits muscle development in ovine offspring

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 79-89页

作者： Sarah A reed Joseline S raja Maria L Hoffman Steven A Zinn Kristen e Govoni Department of Animal Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Background： Maternal over and restricted nutrition has negative consequences on the muscle of offspring by reducing muscle fiber number and altering regulators of muscle growth. To determine if over and restricted maternal nutrition affected muscle growth and gene fed 60%, 100% or 140% of National research Council and protein expression in offspring, 36 pregnant ewes were requirements from d 31 ＋ 1,3 of gestation until parturition. Lambs from control-fed （CON）, restricted-fed （reS） or over-fed （OVer） ewes were necropsied within 1 d of birth （n = 18） or maintained on a control diet for 3 mo （n = ] 5）. Semitendinosus muscle was collected for immunohistochemistry, and protein and gene expression analysis. results： Compared with CON, muscle fiber cross-sectional area （CSA） increased in reS （58%） and OVer （47%） lambs at 1 d of age （P〈 0.01）; however at 3 mo, CSA decreased 15% and 17% compared with CON, respectively （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with CON, muscle lipid content was increased in OVer （212.4%） and reS （92.5%） at d 1 （P 〈 0.0001）. Muscle lipid content was increased 36.1% in OVer and decreased 23.6% in reS compared with CON at 3 mo （P 〈 0.0001）. At d 1, myostatin mrNA abundance in whole muscle tended to be greater in OVer （P = 0.07） than CON. Follistatin mrNA abundance increased in OVer （P = 0.04） and tended to increase in reS （P = 0.06） compared with CON at d 1. However, there was no difference in myostatin or follistatin protein expression （P 〉 0.3）. Phosphorylated Akt （ser473） was increased in reS at 3 mo compared with CON （P = 0.006）. Conclusions： In conclusion, maternal over and restricted nutrient intake alters muscle lipid content and growth of offspring, possibly through altered gene and protein expression.

关键词： Growth Maternal nutrition Muscle development Sheep

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IN VIVO TrANS-reCTAL ULTrASOUND-COUPLeD NeAr-INFrAreD OPTICAL TOMOGrAPHY OF INTACT NOrMAL CANINe PrOSTATe

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第3期2卷 215-225页

作者： DAQING PIAO ZHeN JIANG KeNNeTH e.BArTeLS G.reed HOLYOAK JerrY w.rITCHeY GUAN XU CHArLeS F.BUNTING GeNNADY SLOBODOV School of electrical and Computer engineering Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK 74078 USA Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK 74078 USA Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK 74078 USA Department of Urology University of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104 USA

This is the first tomography-presentation of the optical properties of a normal canine prostate,in vivo,in its native intact environment in the pelvic *** imaging was performed by trans-rectal near-infrared(NIr)optical tomography in steady-state measurement at 840 nm on three sagittal planes across the right lobe,middle-line,and left lobe,respectively,of the prostate *** NIr imaging planes were position-correlated with concurrently applied trans-rectal ultrasound,albeit there was no spatial prior employed in the NIr tomography *** reconstructed peak absorption coefficients of the prostate on the three planes were 0.014,0.012,and 0.014mm^(−1).The peak reduced scattering coefficients were 5.28,5.56,and 6.53 mm^(−1).The peak effective attenuation coefficients were 0.45,0.43,and 0.50 mm^(−1).The absorption and effective attenuation coefficients were within the ranges predictable at 840 nm by literature values which clustered sparsely from 355 nm to 1064 nm,none of which were performed on a canine prostate with similar *** effective attenuation coefficients of the gland were shown to be generally higher in the internal aspects than in the peripheral aspects,which is consistent with the previous findings that the urethral regions were statistically more attenuating than the capsular regions.

关键词： Prostate canine optical property optical tomography trans-rectal ultrasound

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An assessment of coal pillar system stability criteria based on a mechanistic evaluation of the interaction between coal pillars and the overburden

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2017年第1期27卷 9-15页

作者： reed Guy Mctyer Kent Frith russell Mine Advice Pry Ltd NewcastleNSW 2322Australia

Coal pillar design has historically assigned a factor of safety(Fo S) or stability factor(SF) according to their estimated strength and the assumed overburden load acting on them. Acceptable Fo S values have been assigned based on past mining experience or a statistical link between Fo S and probability of failure(Po F). Pillar width-to-height(w/h) ratio has long been established as having a material influence on both pillar strength and its potential failure mode. However, there has been significant disagreement on using both factor of safety(Fo S) and w/h as part of pillar system stability criterion, as compared to using Fo S in isolation. This paper will argue that there are valid technical reasons to bring w/h ratio into system stability criteria(other than its influence on pillar strength), as it is related to the post-failure stiffness of the pillar, as measured in situ, and its interaction with overburden stiffness. when overburden stiffness is also brought into pillar system stability considerations, two issues emerge. The first is the width-todepth(w/D) ratio of the panel and whether it is sub-critical or super-critical from a surface subsidence perspective. The second relates to a re-evaluation of pillar Fo S based on whether the pillar is in an elastic or non-elastic(i.e., post-yield) state in its as-designed condition, as this is relevant to maintaining overburden stiffness at the highest possible level. The significance of the model is the potential to maximise both reserve recovery and mining efficiencies without any discernible increase in geotechnical risk, particularly in thick seams and higher depth of cover mining situations. At a time when mining economics are, at best, marginal, removing potentially unnecessary design conservatism is of interest to all mine operators and is an important topic for discussion amongst the geotechnical community.

关键词： Coa] pillars Stability Overburden Post-failure behaviour Stability criteria

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ecological correlates of invasion impact for Burmese pythons in Florida

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 254-270页

作者： robert N.reed John D.wILLSON Gordon H.rODDA Michael e.DOrCAS US Geological Survey Fort Collins Science CenterFort CollinsColorado Department of Fish and wildlife Conservation Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia Department of Biology Davidson CollegeDavidsonNorth CarolinaUSA

An invasive population of Burmese pythons(Python molurus bivittatus)is established across several thousand square kilometers of southern Florida and appears to have caused precipitous population declines among several species of native *** has this giant snake had such great success as an invasive species when many established reptiles have failed to spread?we scored the Burmese python for each of 15 literature-based attributes relative to predefined comparison groups from a diverse range of taxa and provide a review of the natural history and ecology of Burmese pythons relevant to each *** focused on attributes linked to spread and magnitude of impacts rather than establishment *** results suggest that attributes related to body size and generalism appeared to be particularly applicable to the Burmese python’s success in *** attributes with the highest scores were:high reproductive potential,low vulnerability to predation,large adult body size,large offspring size and high dietary ***,attributes of ectotherms in general and pythons in particular(including predatory mode,energetic efficiency and social interactions)might have also contributed to invasion *** establishment risk assessments are an important initial step in prevention of new establishments,evaluating species in terms of their potential for spreading widely and negatively impacting ecosystems might become part of the means by which resource managers prioritize control efforts in environments with large numbers of introduced species.

关键词： body size Burmese python Florida invasive species Python molurus

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Impact of the Miocene orogenesis on Kaloula *** and implication of local refugia on genetic diversification

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 261-284页

作者： Siti N.OTHMAN eggy Triana PUTrI Kevin r.MeSSeNGer Yoonhyuk BAe Yi YANG Timothy BOVA Thomas reed Hina AMIN Ming-Feng CHUANG Yikweon JANG Amaël BOrZÉe Department of Life Sciences and Division of ecoScience Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural ScienceAndalas UniversityIndonesia Herpetology and Applied Conservation Laboratory College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina Laboratory of Animal Behaviour and Conservation College of Biology and the EnvironmentNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina

The phylogeography of the Kaloula genus in east Asia is still poorly *** of the difficulties is the absence of fossils to corroborate molecular dating ***,we examined the mitochondrial structure of Kaloula *** east Asia and focused on the impact of glaciations on the northernmost species:Kaloula *** determined the phylogenetic relationships,molecular dating,and genetic connectivity assessments within the genus from 1211 bp of concatenated mitochondrial 12S and *** relaxed clock analyses reveal the emergence of Kaloula *** ancestor in east and Southeast Asia between the eocene and Oligocene,c.38.47 Ma(24.69–53.65).The genetic diversification of lineages then increased on the east Asian Mainland during the Lower Miocene,c.20.10(8.73–30.65),most likely originating from the vicariance and radiation triggered by the orogeny of the Qinghai–Tibetan ***,the dispersal towards the North east Asian Mainland during the Upper Miocene drove the population diversification of *** c.9.01 Ma(3.66–15.29).Finally,the central mainland population became isolated following orogenesis events and diverged into *** during the Pliocene,c.3.06 Ma(0.02–10.90).The combination of population genetic and barrier analyses revealed a significant genetic isolation between populations of Kaloula *** with the massive Qinling–Daba Mountain chain located in south-central ***,we highlight a young divergence within the eastern Mainland population of ***,possibly attributed to refugia in south eastern China from which populations later expanded.

关键词： boreal digging frog east Asia genetic discontinuity Miocene qinling orogeny

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expanding beyond canonical metabolism:Interfacing alternative elements,synthetic biology,and metabolic engineering

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第1期3卷 20-33页

作者： Kevin B.reed Hal S.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX 78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX 78712USA

Metabolic engineering offers an exquisite capacity to produce new molecules in a renewable ***,most industrial applications have focused on only a small subset of elements from the periodic table,centered around carbon *** review aims to illustrate the expanse of chemical elements that can currently(and potentially)be integrated into useful products using cellular ***,we describe recent advances in expanding the cellular scope to include the halogens,selenium and the metalloids,and a variety of metal *** examples range from small molecules,heteroatom-linked uncommon elements,and natural products to biomining and nanotechnology ***,this review covers the promise of an expanded range of elemental incorporations and the future impacts it may have on biotechnology.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Synthetic biology Unnatural metabolism Halogenation Cellular factories Non-canonical elements

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Functional magnetic resonance imaging in an animal model of pancreatic cancer

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第26期16卷 3292-3298页

作者： robert J Lewandowski Aaron C eifler David J Bentrem Johnathan C Chung Gayle e woloschak robert ryu riad Salem Andrew C Larson reed A Omary Department of radiology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of Surgical Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States Department of radiation Oncology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 United States

AIM: To test the hypotheses that diffusion weighed (Dw)and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion (TrIP)magnetic resonance imaging (MrI) can each be used to assess regional differences in tumor function in an animal pancreatic cancer ***: VX2 tumors were implanted in pancreata of 6 rabbits. MrI and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were performed 3 wk following implantation. with a 2-French catheter secured in the rabbit's gastroduodenal artery, each rabbit was transferred to an adjacent 1.5T MrI scanner. Dwand TrIP-MrI were performed to determine if necrotic tumor core could be differentiated from viable tumor periphery. For each, we compared mean differences between tumor core/ periphery using a 2-tailed paired t-test (α = 0.05). Imaging was correlated with histopathology. reSULTS: Tumors were successfully grown in all rabbits, confirmed by necropsy. On Dw-MrI, mean apparent diffusion coeffi cient (ADC) value was higher in necrotic tumor core (2.1 ± 0.3 mm2/s) than in viable tumor periphery (1.4 ± 0.5 mm2/s) (P rIP-MrI, mean perfusion values was higher in tumor periphery (110 ± 47 relative units) than in tumor core (66 ± 31 relative units) (P rI can be used to differentiate necrotic from viable tumor cells in an animal pancreatic cancer model using ADC (Dw-MrI) and perfusion (TrIP-MrI) values.

关键词： Animal model Functional magnetic resonance imaging Pancreatic cancer

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Classification of higher- and lower-mileage runners based on running kinematics

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 249-257页

作者： Christian A.Clermont Angkoon Phinyomark Sean T.Osis reed Ferber Faculty of Kinesiology University of Calgary Institute for Scientific Interchange (ISI )Foundation running Injury Clinic Faculty of Nursing University of Calgary

Background: running-related overuse injuries can result from the combination of extrinsic(e.g., running mileage) and intrinsic risk factors(e.g.,biomechanics and gender), but the relationship between these factors is not folly understood. Therefore, the first purpose of this study was to determine whether we could classify higher-and lower-mileage runners according to differences in lower extremity kinematics during the stance and swing phases of running gait. I he second purpose was to subgroup the runners by gender and determine whether we could classify higherand lower-mileage runners in male and female ***: Participants were allocated to the "higher-mileage" group(≥32 km/week; n= 41(30 females)) or to the "lower-mileage" group(≤25 km;n= 40(29 females)). Three-dimensional kinematic data were collected during 60 s of treadmill running at a self-selected speed(2.61 ± 0.23 m/s).A support vector machine classifier identified kinematic differences between higher-and lower-mileage groups based on principal component ***: Higher-and lower-mileage runners(both genders) could be separated with 92.59% classification accuracy. when subgrouping by gender,higher-and lower-mileage female runners could be separated with 89.83% classification accuracy, and higher-and lower-mileage male runners could be separated with 100% classification ***: These results demonstrate there are distinct kinematic differences between subgroups related to both mileage and gender, and that these factors need to be considered in future research.

关键词： Biomechanics Clinical biomechanics Gait analysis Kinematics Motion analysis:running mileage running subgroups

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