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C13C4.5/Spinster, an evolutionarily conserved protein that regulates fertility in C. elegans through a lysosome-mediated lipid metabolism process

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Protein & Cell 2013年第5期4卷 364-372页

作者： Mei Han Hao Chang Peng Zhang tao Chen Yanhua Zhao Yongdeng Zhang Pingsheng Liu tao Xu Pingyong Xu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China College of Engineering and Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center(BIOPIC)Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Lipid droplets, which are conserved across almost all species, are cytoplasmic organelles used to store neutral lipids. Identification of lipid droplet regulators will be conducive to resolving obesity and other fat-associated diseases. In this paper, we selected 11 candidates that might be associated with lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans . Using a BODIPY 493/503-based flow cytometry screen, 6 negative and 3 positive regulators of fat content were identified. we selected one negative regulator of lipid content, C13C4.5 , for future study. C13C4.5 was mainly expressed in the worm intestine. we found that this gene was important for maintaining the metabolism of lipid droplets. Biochemical results revealed that 50% of triacylglycerol (TAG) was lost in C13C4.5 knockout worms. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) signals in C13C4.5 mutants showed only 49.6% of the fat content in the proximal intestinal region and 86.3% in the distal intestinal region compared with wild type animals. The mean values of lipid droplet size and intensity in C13C4.5 knockout animals were found to be significantly decreased compared with those in wild type worms. The LMP-1-labeled membrane structures in worm intestines were also enlarged in C13C4.5 mutant animals. Finally, fertility defects were found in C13C4.5 ( ok2087 ) mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that C13C4.5 may regulate the fertility of C. elegans by changing the size and fat content of lipid droplets by interfering with lysosomal morphology and function.

关键词： C13C4.5 Spinster lipid droplet SRS mi-croscopy lysosomal enlargement fertility

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Geochemical Characteristics and Metallogenesis of the qingkuangshan Ni-Cu-PGE Mineralized Mafic-Ultramafic Intrusion in Huili County, Sichuan Province, Sw China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第3期86卷 590-607页

作者： ZHU Feilin tao Yan HU Ruizhong MA Yansheng State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550002China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China East China Geological Exploration Bureau of Nonferrous Metals Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing 210007China

The qingkuangshan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit, located in the Xiaoguanhe region of Huili County, Sichuan Province, is one of several Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in the Emeishan Large Igneous Province （ELIP）. The ore-bearing intrusion is a mafic-ultramafic body. This paper reports major elements, trace elements and platinum-group elements in different types of rocks and sulfide-mineralized samples in the intrusion. These data are used to evaluate the source mantle characteristics, the degree of mantle partial melting, the composition of parental magma and the ore-forming processes. The results show that qingkuangshan intrusion is part of the ELIP. The rocks have trace element ratios similar to the coeval Emeishan basalts. The primitive mantle-normalized patterns of Ni-Cu-PGE have positive slopes, and the ratios of Pd/Ir are lower than 22. The PGE compositions of sulfide ores and associated rocks are characterized by Ru depletion. The PGE contents in bulk sulfides are slightly depleted relative to Ni and Cu, which is similar to the Yangliuping Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. The composition of the parental magma for the intrusion is estimated to contain about 14.65 wt% MgO, 48.66 wt% SiO2 and 15.48 wt% FeOt, and the degree of mantle partial melting is estimated to be about 20%. In comparison with other typical Ni-Cu-PGE deposits in the ELIP, the qingkuangshan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit has lower PGE contents than the Jinbaoshan PGE deposit, but has higher PGE contents than the Limahe and Baimazhai Ni-Cu deposit, and has similar PGE contents to the Yangliuping Ni-Cu-PGE deposit. The moderate PGE depletions in the bulk sulfide of the qingkuanghan deposit suggest that the parental magma of the host intrusion may have undergone minor sulfide segregation at depth. The mixing calculations suggests that an average of 10% crustal contamination in the magma, which may have been the main cause of sulfide saturation in the magma. we propose that sulfide segregation from a moderately PGE depleted magma took place prior

关键词： Magmatic sulfide deposit mafic-ultramafic intrusion PGE qingkuangshan Emeishan Large Igneous Province

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Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Astrocytes as a Therapeutic Target in Heat-Stroke

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2017年第6期33卷 627-640页

作者： Bing Niu tao Zhang Huaiqiang Hu Bingzhen Cao Department of Neurology General Hospital of Jinan Military Region Department of Neurology The 303rd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army

Heat-stroke is a serious form of hyperthermia with high mortality, and can induce severe central nervous system disorders. The neurovascular unit（NVU）, which consists of vascular cells, glial cells, and neurons, controls blood-brain barrier（BBB） permeability and cerebral blood flow, and maintains the proper functioning of neuronal circuits. However, the detailed function of each BBB component in heat-stroke remains unknown. In order to interpret alterations caused by heat stress, we performed transcriptome comparison of neuron and astrocyte primary cultures after heat treatment. Differentially-expressed genes were then selected and underwent Gene Ontology annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis. Gene-act networks were also constructed, and the expression of pivotal genes was validated by quantitative PCR, as well as single-cell q PCR in heatstroke rats. Our work provides valuable information on the transcriptional changes in NVU cells after heat stress,reveals the diverse regulatory mechanisms of two of these cellular components, and shows that a cell-type-specificapproach may be a promising therapeutic strategy for heatstroke treatments.

关键词： Heat stroke RNA-seq Neuron Astrocyte Primary culture Single-cell qPCR

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Remarks on large eddy simulation

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Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 2000年第3期5卷 85-90页

作者： G. q. CHEN L. tao and K. R. RAJAGOPAL(Centre for Environmental Sciences / State Key Laboratory for Turbulence Researsh, PekingUniversity, Beijing 100871, e-ma1l: gqchen@ns.nlspku.ac.cnDepartment of Mechanical Engineertng, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3123, USA) Centre for Environmental Sciences / State Key Laboratory for Turbulence Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843-3123 USA

For large eddy simulation of turbulent flows. some analysis and general remarks on the filtering operation and modeling under small filtering length scales are presented.

关键词： large eddy simulation turbulence modeling

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LES investigation of the tip vortex cavitating flow with special emphasis on the interaction between cavitation and vorticity by a modified cavitation model

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2023年第3期35卷 594-606页

作者： Xin-ran Liu tao wang Xiao-yang Zhao Tai-ran Chen School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing Innovation Center Chongqing 401120China Vehicle Engineering Department Army Academy of Armored ForcesBeijing 100072China China Ship Research and Development Academy Beijing 100085China

Cavitation within the tip vortex(TV)flow remains a challenging issue in the design of high-speed and low-noise hydraulic *** this paper,the TV cavitating flow around an elliptical hydrofoil is calculated by using large eddy simulation(LES)combined with a modified Schnerr-Sauer(S-S)cavitation *** original S-S cavitation model is modified by taking into account the typical effect of vortex *** partial pressure term which can describe the vortex quantitatively and qualitatively is confirmed asρ_(m)ω^(2) x r _(c)^(2) ,and is considered into the R-P equation of the modified S-S cavitation *** between the numerical and experimental results shows good agreement in the form and evolution of cavities,including attached cavities(AC)and tip vortex cavities(TVC).The vorticity transport equation is utilized to investigate the dynamic mechanisms of the vortex development around the *** analyses indicate that cavitation in the TV flow influences the pressure in the core of the cavity and the local flow *** vortex structures in the TV cavitating flow include TV,secondary vortex(SV)and wake vortex(wV).The direction and magnitude of the rotation effect can be described by axial vorticity which is drawn on the iso-surface of q=1×105 s−*** development of the TV cavitating flow can be divided into two stages:Stage I,the development and fusion of TV,SV,stage II,the dissipation of *** stretching term dominates the evolution of TV,and the dilatation term is the main reason in the mergence process of SV.

关键词： Cavitating flow tip vortex(TV) large eddy simulation(LES) cavitation model

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Emodin Ameliorates High Glucose-Induced Podocyte Apoptosis via Regulating AMPK/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy Signaling Pathway

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2023年第9期29卷 801-808页

作者： LIU Hong CHEN wei-dong HU Yang-lin YANG wen-qiang HU tao-tao wANG Huan-lan ZHANG Yan-min Department of Nephrology Wuhan No.1 HospitalWuhan430022China Department of Central Laboratory Wuhan No.1 HospitalWuhan430022China

Objective To investigate the effect of emodin on high glucose(HG)-induced podocyte apoptosis and whether the potential anti-apoptotic mechanism of emodin is related to induction of adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-mediated autophagy in podocytes(MPC5 cells)in *** MPC5 cells were treated with different concentrations of HG(2.5,5,10,20,40,80 and 160 mmol/L),emodin(2,4,8µmol/L),or HG(40 mmol/L)and emodin(4µmol/L)with or without rapamycin(Rap,100 nmol/L)and compound C(10µmol/L).The viability and apoptosis of MPC5 cells were detected using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay and flow cytometry analysis,*** expression levels of cleaved caspase-3,autophagy marker light chain 3(LC3)Ⅰ/Ⅱ,and AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins were determined by western *** changes of morphology and RFP-LC3 fluorescence were observed under *** HG at 20,40,80 and 160 mmol/L dose-dependently induced cell apoptosis in MPC5 cells,whereas emodin(4µmol/L)significantly ameliorated HG-induced cell apoptosis and caspase-3 cleavage(Pwere mimicked by rapamycin(100 nmol/L).Moreover,emodin increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and suppressed the phosphorylation of *** AMPK inhibitor compound C(10µmol/L)reversed emodin-induced autophagy *** Emodin ameliorated HG-induced apoptosis of MPC5 cells in vitro that involved induction of autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway,which might provide a potential therapeutic option for diabetic nephropathy.

关键词： emodin diabetic nephropathy autophagy podocyte apoptosis adenosine-monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways

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Mechanisms of the formation of wind-blown sand hazards and the sand control measures in Gobi areas under extremely strong winds along the Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第2期66卷 292-302页

作者： Jianjun qU tao wANG qinghe NIU Benli LIU Lihai TAN qingjie HAN Yang GAO Jianhua XIAO Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification/Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou511458China

The Lanzhou-Xinjiang high-speed railway(HSR)traverses areas of the Gobi Desert where extremely strong winds are *** strong winds cause sand/gravel hazards,an unaddressed issue that often seriously compromises the safe operation of the *** paper studies the mechanisms leading to wind-blown sand hazards and the outcomes of sand control projects in these *** main findings are as follows:(1)Cold northern airflows over the Tian Shan mountain range are accelerated by the wind tunnels and downslope effect as they pass over complex terrain comprising passes,gullies,and proluvial ***,the wind intensity often increases two-to threefold,creating frequent high-speed winds that lead to severe sand damage along the HSR.(2)In the Gobi areas with extremely strong winds,sand grains can be lifted as high as 9 m from the ground into the air,far higher than in other areas of the *** sand transport rate decreases exponentially with increasing *** wind speed and particle size determine saltation *** particles and stronger winds provide the particles with a higher kinetic energy as they collide with the *** the wind zones of Baili and Yandun,the analysed study areas,the saltation layer height of wind-blown sand/gravel exceeds 3 and 2 m,respectively.(3)Based on the above findings,recently emerging sand control materials,suitable for the areas of interest,were screened and ***,under the proposed principle of‘supplementing blocking with trapping’,a comprehensive sand control measure was established,featuring sandblocking belts comprised of multiple rows,and high,vertical sand-trapping installations with a large grids *** installed system showed a high efficacy,reducing sand transport rate by 87.87%and significantly decreasing the deposition of sand along a trial section of the HSR.

关键词： Gobi areas with extremely strong winds wind-blown sand hazards Complex terrain Sand/gravel flow wind-blown sand control

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Versatile photonic molecule switch in multimode microresonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 498-509页

作者： Zihan tao Bitao Shen wencan Li Luwen Xing Haoyu wang Yichen wu Yuansheng tao Yan Zhou Yandong He Chao Peng Haowen Shu Xingjun wang State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of ElectronicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China College of Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Integrated Circuits Peking University100871 BejingChina Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics Nantong 226010China Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518055China

Harnessing optical supermode interaction to construct artificial photonic molecules has uncovered a series of fundamental optical phenomena analogous to atomic ***,the distinct energy levels and interactions in such two-level systems were provided by coupled *** reconfigurability is limited,as they often require delicate external field stimuli or mechanically altering the geometric *** highly specific approaches also limit potential ***,we propose a versatile on-chip photonic molecule in a multimode microring,utilizing a flexible regulation methodology to dynamically control the existence and interaction strength of spatial *** transition between single/multi-mode states enables the“switched-off/on”functionality of the photonic molecule,supporting wider generalized applications *** particular,“switched-on”state shows flexible and multidimensional mode splitting control in aspects of both coupling strength and phase difference,equivalent to the *** *** effect.“Switched-off”state allows for perfect low-loss single-mode transition(qi~10 million)under an ultra-compact bend size(FSR~115 GHz)in a foundry-based silicon *** breaks the stereotyped image of the FSR-q factor trade-off,enabling ultra-wideband and high-resolution millimeter-wave photonic *** demonstration provides a flexible and portable solution for the integrated photonic molecule system,extending its research scope from fundamental physics to real-world applications such as nonlinear optical signal processing and sixth-generation wireless communication.

关键词： switched multimode millimeter

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MULTISCALE SIMULATIONS OF HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOw PROBLEMS

MULTISCALE SIMULATIONS OF HEAT TRANSFER AND FLUID FLOW PROBL...

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第二届热问题计算方法国际会议

作者： Y.L.He w.q.tao MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049 PR China

＜正＞The multiscale problems in the thermal and fluid science are classified into two categories: multiscale process and multiscale *** are provided for multiscale process and multiscale *** focus of this presentation is at the multiscale *** numerical approaches for multiscale processes have been *** numerical examples of multiscale process are presented.

关键词： Multiscale Simulation Reconstruction Operator Interface Coupling

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Cloning, Expression of Crocus sativus Phytoene Desaturase Gene and Preparation of Antiserum against It

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wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2004年第2期9卷 252-258页

作者： BaiJie MiaoChen XuYing TangLin wangZhi-tao ChenFang CollegeofLifeSciences SichuanUniversityChengdu610064SiehuanChina

A 2 149 bp full length phytoene desaturase (PDS) cDNA was first cloned from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) stigma using RT-PCR technique and a rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) strategy. The cDNA has an open reading frame of 1 697 bp, which encodes a polypeptide of 565 amino acids. The coding region of the cDNA was inserted into a prokaryotic expression vector pET-21a(+) and over-expressed inE. coli BL21 (DE3). The fusion proteins were found largely in an insoluble inclusion bodies. The purified fusion protein was used to immunize rabbits to obtain polyclonal antiserum with titer of 1×105. western blot analysis by using this particular antiserum showed that the higher expression level of PDS in mature stigma than in leaves and stamen, and the higher expression level of PDS in mature stigma than in young stigma. Key words saffron - carotenoids - phytoene desaturase - gene expression - antiserum - western blot CLC number q 781 - q 786 Foundation item: Supported by the Doctoral Foundation of the Ministry of Education, P. R. China and the Young Science Foundation of Sichuan University (Grant 0020405505012)Biography: Bai Jie (1968-), female, Ph. D candidate, research direction: plant developmental biology and reproductive engineering.

关键词： saffron carotenoids phytoene desaturase gene expression antiserum western blot

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