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Temperature and structure measurements of heavy-ion-heated diamond using in situ X-ray diagnostics

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 80-89页

作者： J.Lutgert P.Hesselbach M.Schorner V.Bagnoud R.Belikov P.Drechsel B.Heuser O.SHumphries P.Katrik B.Lindqvist C.Qu R.Redmer D.Riley G.Schaumann S.Schumacher A.Tauschwitz D.Varentsov K.weyrich X.Yu B.Zielbauer Zs.Major P.Neumayer D.kraus Institut fur Physik Universitat RostockAlbert-Einstein-Str.2318059 RostockGermany GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany Institut für Angewandte Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am MainMax-von-Laue-Str.160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institut fur Geowissenschaften Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am MainAltenhoferallee 160438 Frankfurt am MainGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Bautzner Landstr.40001328 DresdenGermany European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 422869 SchenefeldGermany Centre for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastUniversity RoadBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom Institut für Kernphysik Technische Universität DarmstadtSchlossgartenstr.964289 DarmstadtGermany State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Institute of Heavy Ion PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Helmholtz Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

we present in situ measurements of spectrally resolved X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction from monocrystalline diamond samples heatedwith an intense pulse of heavy *** this way,we determine the samples’heating dynamics and their microscopic and macroscopic structuralintegrity over a timespan of several *** the ratio of elastic to inelastic scattering with state-of-the-art density functionaltheory molecular dynamics simulations allows the inference of average temperatures around 1300 K,in agreement with predictions fromstopping power *** simultaneous diffraction measurements show no hints of any volumetric graphitization of the material,butdo indicate the onset of fracture in the diamond *** experiments pave the way for future studies at the Facility for Antiproton andIon Research,where a substantially increased intensity of the heavy ion beam will be available.

关键词： heated intense structure

Collapse of the endemic lizard Podarcis pityusensis on the island of Ibiza mediated by an invasive snake

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Current Zoology 2022年第3期68卷 295-303页

作者： Elba MONTES Fred kraus Brahim CHERGUI Juan M.PLEGUEZUELOS Department of Zoology Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of Valenciac/Dr.Moliner50BurjassotE-46100 ValenciaSpain Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Laboratoire Ecologie SystématiqueConservation de la BiodiversitéFacultédes Sciences de TétouanUniversitéAbdelmalek EssaâdiBP 2121 El M’HannechTétouanMorocco Department of Zoology Faculty of SciencesGranada UniversityGranada E-18071Spain

The invasive snake Hemorrhois hippocrepis colonized the island of Ibiza(Balearic Islands)in 2003 as stowaways inside trunks of olive trees imported for *** has quickly spread since 2010,posing a threat to the island’s only remaining endemic vertebrate,the Ibiza wall lizard Podarcis *** map the yearly expansion rate of the snake and estimate via transect surveys how severely it affects the distribution and abundance of the endemic *** well,we surveyed 9 of 30 small lizard populations on islets surrounding Ibiza that have been isolated since the Last Glacial *** had invaded 49%of Ibiza’s land area by 2018,and censuses show a critical contrast in lizard abundance between areas with and without snakes;almost all censuses in areas without snakes show lizard presence whereas nearly all censuses in areas with *** lack lizard ***,at least one subspecies previously thriving on one of the offshore islets has become extinct,and there have been several snakes recorded swimming between Ibiza and the surrounding ***,lizard populations have been dramatically reduced or have vanished within the range of the snake,and our results quantitatively support upgrading this species’threat level for *** study can inform to programs to manage invasive snake populations and to conservation actions to recover the endemic lizard.

关键词： Balearic Islands conservation extinction Hemorrhois hippocrepis lizard census

Stem cells in intervertebral disc regeneration-more talk than action?

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BIOCELL 2022年第4期46卷 893-898页

作者： PETRA kraus ANKITA SAMANTA SINA LUFKIN THOMAS LUFKIN Department of Biology Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA The Clarkson School Clarkson UniversityPotsdamNY 13699USA

Pain and lifestyle changes are common consequences of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affect a large part of the aging *** stemness of cells is exploited in the field of regenerative medicine as key to treat degenerative *** cells however often face delivery and survival challenges,especially in tissues with a naturally harsh microniche environment such as the intervertebral *** interest in the secretome of stem cells,especially cargo protected from microniche-related decay as frequently present in degenerating tissues,provides new means of rejuvenating ailing cells and ***,a type of extracellular vesicles with purposeful cargo gained particular interest in conveying stem cell related attributes of rejuvenation,which will be discussed here in the context of IVDD.

关键词： Stem cells MSC Intervertebral disc(IVD) Exosome Extracellular matrix(ECM)

Psychiatric side effects of pegylated interferon alfa-2b as compared to conventional interferon alfa-2b in patients with chronic hepatitis C

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1769-1774页

作者： Michael R kraus Arne Sch(a|¨)fer Herbert Csef Michael Scheurlen Medizinische Poliklinik

AIM: To assess systematically the spectrum and extent of depressive symptoms comparing patient groups receiving peginterferon or conventional ***: Ninety-eight patients with chronic hepatitis C and interferon-based therapy (+ribavirin) were consecutively enrolled in a longitudinal study. Patients were treated with conventional interferon alfa-2b (48/98patients; 5 MIU interferon alfa-2b thrice weekly) or peginterferon alfa-2b (50/98 patients; 80-150 μgpeginterferon alfa-2b) in combination with weight-adapted ribavirin (800-1 200 mg/d). Repeated psychometric testing was performed before, three times during and once after antiviral therapy: Depression was evaluated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), anger/hostility by the Symptom Checklist-90 Items Revised (SCL-90-R).RESULTS: Therapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2bproduces comparable scores for depression (ANOVA:P = 0.875) as compared to conventional *** of depression scores were even higher and cases of clinically relevant depression were frequent during therapy with peginterferon. Scores for anger/hostility were comparable for both therapy ***: Our findings suggest that the extent and frequency of depressive symptoms in total are not reduced by peginterferon. Monitoring and management of neuropsychiatric toxicity especially depression have to be considered as much as in antiviral therapy with unmodified interferon.

关键词： Pegylated interferon Hepatitis C Side effects Depression Interferon alfa

Existence of weak Solutions for the Cahn-Hilliard Reaction Model Including Elastic Effects and Damage

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Journal of Partial Differential Equations 2017年第2期30卷 111-145页

作者： kraus Christiane ROGGENSACK Arne weierstrass Institute Mohrenstr. 39 10117 Berlin Germany.

In this paper, we introduce and study analytically a vectorial Cahn-Hilliard reaction model coupled with rate-dependent damage processes. The recently proposed Cahn-Hilliard reaction model can e.g. be used to describe the behavior of electrodes of lithium-ion batteries as it includes both the intercalation reactions at the surfaces and the separation into different phases. The coupling with the damage process allows considering simultaneously the evolution of a damage field, a second important physical effect occurring during the charging or discharging of batteries. Mathematically, this is realized by a Cahn-Larch system with a non-linear Newton boundary condition for the chemical potential and a doubly non-linear differential inclusion for the damage evolution. we show that this system possesses an underlying generalized gradient structure which incorporates the non-linear Newton boundary condition. Using this gradient structure and techniques from the field of convex analysis we are able to prove constructively the existence of weak solutions.

关键词： Cahn-Hilliard reaction system rate-dependent damage phase separation existence non-linear Newton boundary condition.

Natural Variation in Tomato Reveals Differences in the Recognition of AvrPto and AvrPtoB Effectors from Pseudomonas syringae

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Molecular Plant 2016年第5期9卷 639-649页

作者： Christine M. kraus Kathy R. Munkvold Gregory B. Martin Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Ithaca NY 14853 USA Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA Beckman Coulter Indianapolis IN 46268 USA

The Pto protein kinase from Solanum pimpinellifolium interacts with Pseudomonas syringae effectors AvrPto or AvrPtoB to activate effector-triggered immunity. The previously solved crystal structures of the AvrPto-Pto and AvrPtoB-Pto complexes revealed that Pro binds each effector through both a shared and a unique interface. Hera we use natural variation in wild species of tomato to further investigate Pto recognition of these two effectors. One species, Solanum chmielewskU, was found to have many accessions that recognize only AvrPtoB. The Pto ortholog from one of these accessions was responsible for recognition of AvrPtoB and it differed from Solanum pimpinellifolium Pto by only 14 amino acids, including two in the AvrPto-specific interface, glutamate-49/glycine-51. Converting these two residues to those in Pro （histidine-49/valine-51） did not restore recognition of AvrPto. Subsequent experiments revealed that a single substitution of a histidine-to-aspartate at position 193 in Pto, which is not near the AvrPto- specific interface, was sufficient for conferring recognRion of AvrPto in plant cells. The reciprocal substi- tution of aspartate-to-histidine-193 in Pto abolished AvrPto recognition, confirming the importance of this residue. Our results reveal new aspects about effector recognition by Pto and demonstrate the value of using natural variation to understand the interaction between resistance proteins and pathogen effectors.

关键词： Effector-triggered immunity natural variation plant immunity Pseudomonas syringae Pto tomato

Bumblebees adjust protein and lipid collection rules to the presence of brood

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 437-446页

作者： Stephane kraus Tamara Gomez-Moracho Cristian Pasquaretta Gerard Latil Audrey Dussutour Mathieu Lihoreau Research Center on Animal Cognition (CRCA) Center for Intergrative Biology (CBI)CNRS University Paul Sabatier Toulouse France

Animals have evolved foraging strategies to acquire blends of nutrients that maximize fitness traits. In social insects, nu trie nt regulation is complicated by the fact that few in dividuals, the foragers, must address the diverge nt nutritional n eeds of all colony members simulta neously, includi ng other workers, the reproductives, and the brood. Here we used 3D nutritional geometry design to examine how bumblebee workers regulate their collection of 3 major macronutrients in the presence and absenee of brood. we provided small colonies artificial nectars (liquid diets) and pollens (solid diets) varying in their compositions of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates during 2 weeks. Colo nies give n a choice betwee n nutrition ally complementary diets self-selected foods to reach a target ratio of 71% proteins, 6% carbohydrates, and 23% lipids, irrespective of the presenee of brood. whe n con fined to a single nutrition ally imbalanced solid diet, colonies without brood regulated lipid collection and over-collected protein relative to this target ratio, whereas colonies with brood regulated both lipid and protein collection. This brood effect on the regulation of nutrient collection by workers suggests that protein levels are critical for larval development. Our results highlight the importa nee of con sidering bee nu trition as a multidimensi onal phe no men on to better assess the effects of environmental impoverishment and malnutrition on population declines.

关键词： artificial diets Bombus terrestris bumble bees nutritional geometry rule of compromise

Hydrogen Sulfide Electrochemical Sensors for Biomedical Applications

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生物物理学报 2009年第S1期25卷 111-112页

作者： Nikki Scafa Rosa Grossi Harry Fein David kraus world Precision Instruments Sarasota FL34240-9258 Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa Fl 33620

Nitric oxide research over the last 20 years has highlighted the fundamental importance of gaseous signaling molecules in biology and medicine. Recently, the physiological role

关键词： physiological Hydrogen gaseous organs valuable nanotechnology signaling maintain potentially throughout

Cholesterol granuloma of the right epididymis mimicking an acute scrotum

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第6期8卷 749-750页

作者： Borislav Spajic Hrvoje Cupic Goran Stimac Ivica Brigic Bozo Kruslin Ognjen kraus Clinical Department of Urology Ljudevit Jurak University Department of Pathology Sestre MilosrdniceUniversity HospitalZagreb 10000Croatia

Dear Sir, I am B. Spajic, the urologist from Clinical Department of Urology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. Recently, we had a rare case of a cholesterol granuloma of the right epididymis at our department, showing clinical signs of acute scrotum. The case described here appears to be the second reporting cholesterol granuloma in the epididymis and the first one presenting with clinical signs of acute scrotum.

关键词： body Cholesterol granuloma of the right epididymis mimicking an acute scrotum