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US Resident Perceptions of Dairy Cattle Management Practices

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第7期8卷 645-656页

作者： Nicole Olynk widmar Carissa j. morgan Christopher A. wolf Elizabeth A. Yeager S. R. Dominick Candace C. Croney Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue University Lafayette USA Department of Agricultural Food and Resource Economics Michigan State University East Lansing USA Department of Agricultural Economics Kansas State University Manhattan USA Center for Animal welfare Science Purdue University Lafayette USA

As public perception continues to shape the dairy industry, an understanding of consumer views and purchasing behaviors is critically important. The objectives of this paper are to: 1) summarize consumer perceptions or views of 12 common dairy cattle management practices (humane methods of slaughter, humane transportation, increased pen stall or size, access to pasture, feeding of a GMO-free diet, feeding of an organic diet, feeding of a diet the animal would naturally consume, ability to interact with other animals of the same species, access to fresh water at all times, tail docking, use of antibiotics for sick animals, and dehorning), and 2) analyze relationships between respondent’s household demographic characteristics and perceptions of three specific contentious dairy practices, including antibiotic use, tail docking, and dehorning. An online, national survey was used to collect data on household demographics, dairy consumption and purchasing behavior, and perceptions of dairy production practices from 1201 US residents. The findings of this study indicate that 87% of participants consumed dairy products. Of these respondents, 12% had altered their consumption of dairy products over the past three years because of animal welfare concerns and 10% had done so due to food safety concerns. Respondents perceived tail docking and dehorning to have the least beneficial and most negative implications for dairy cattle welfare of the dairy production practices considered.

关键词： Dairy Cattle welfare Public Perceptions Tail Docking Dehorning

New frontiers for the materials genome initiative

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期4卷 776-798页

作者： juan j.de Pablo Nicholas E.jackson Michael A.webb Long-Qing Chen joel E.Moore Dane morgan Ryan jacobs Tresa Pollock Darrell G.Schlom Eric S.Toberer james Analytis Ismaila Dabo Dean M.DeLongchamp Gregory A.Fiete Gregory M.Grason Geoffroy Hautier Yifei Mo Krishna Rajan Evan j.Reed Efrain Rodriguez Vladan Stevanovic jin Suntivich Katsuyo Thornton ji-Cheng Zhao Institute for Molecular Engineering University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60615USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Physics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Physics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standards and TechnologyGaithersburgMD 20899USA Department of Physics University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences UniversitéCatholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Materials Design and Innovation University of Buffalo–The State University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260-5030USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

The Materials Genome Initiative(MGI)advanced a new paradigm for materials discovery and design,namely that the pace of new materials deployment could be accelerated through complementary efforts in theory,computation,and *** with numerous successes,new challenges are inviting researchers to refocus the efforts and approaches that were originally inspired by the *** May 2017,the National Science Foundation sponsored the workshop“Advancing and Accelerating Materials Innovation Through the Synergistic Interaction among Computation,Experiment,and Theory:Opening New Frontiers”to review accomplishments that emerged from investments in science and infrastructure under the MGI,identify scientific opportunities in this new environment,examine how to effectively utilize new materials innovation infrastructure,and discuss challenges in achieving accelerated materials research through the seamless integration of experiment,computation,and *** article summarizes key findings from the workshop and provides perspectives that aim to guide the direction of future materials research and its translation into societal impacts.

关键词： utilize frontier accomplishment

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2005年及以后的优质重载发动机概念

汽车与新动力 2001年第6期33卷 3-11+32页

作者： morgan R E Edwards S P Nicol A j 黄卓耀

期待到2005年欧洲的重载发动机法规继续将试验循环比NOx排放水平降低至2.5～3.5g/kw·h,颗粒排放水平降低至0.02～0.08 g/kw·h。而仅对现有发动机燃烧系统再优化,比如进一步推迟喷油定时,看来尚不足以满足法规要求的比NOx排放指标。因... 详细信息

期待到2005年欧洲的重载发动机法规继续将试验循环比NOx排放水平降低至2.5～3.5g/kw·h,颗粒排放水平降低至0.02～0.08 g/kw·h。而仅对现有发动机燃烧系统再优化,比如进一步推迟喷油定时,看来尚不足以满足法规要求的比NOx排放指标。因此必须考虑诸如冷却废气再循环（EGR）或新型排气后处理系统等其他措施。不过,这些排放控制策略可能与改善燃油耗和提高比功率等其他市场要求相矛盾。介绍了Ricardo公司对用于欧洲2005年型及以后的优质重载卡车发动机结构的研究。为了确定这一概念发动机的规格参数,对可预见的2005年型车的典型市场要求进行了研究。冷却EGR被选为主要的排放控制策略。全面研究了它对发动机的标定功率及燃油耗的影响,包括对各种各样的涡轮增压器和EGR回路结构的研究。最终选择了带放气阀的单级涡轮增压的涡轮复合发动机作为最佳解决方案。为研究排气后处理系统的未来发展潜力,进行了进一步的计算工作。最后形成了发动机的概念设计。

关键词：重型载货汽车汽车发动机高速柴油机排放

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宏观和政策面提振中国股市

证券导刊 2006年第4期 37-39页

作者： j.P.morgan Frank Gong 吴亚琴

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Mathematics of a single-locus model for assessing the impacts of pyrethroid resistance and temperature on population abundance of malaria mosquitoes

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第3期7卷 277-316页

作者： Samantha j.Brozak jemal Mohammed-Awel Abba B.Gumel School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA Department of Mathematics Morgan State UniversityBaltimoreMD21251USA Department of Applied Mathematics University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

This study presents a genetic-ecology modeling framework for assessing the combined impacts of insecticide resistance,temperature variability,and insecticide-based interventions on the population abundance and control of malaria mosquitoes by *** analyses of the model we developed reveal that the boundary equilibrium with only mosquitoes of homozygous sensitive(resistant)genotype is locally-asymptotically stable whenever a certain ecological threshold,denoted by R^(SS)_(0) eR^(RR)_(0) T,is less than ***,genotype i drives genotype j to extinction whenever R j 0>1 and R i 0where i,j SS or RR,with i s j).The model exhibits the phenomenon of bistability when both thresholds are less than *** such a bistable situation,convergence to any of the two boundary equilibria depends on the initial allele distribution in the state variables of the ***,in this bistable case,where maxfR^(SS)_(0);R^(RR)_(0)gwith lower value of the ecological threshold is ***,the basin of attraction of the boundary equilibrium for genotype i is larger than that of genotype j if R^(i)_(0)j)_(0)1T,the two boundary equilibria lose their stability,and a coexistence equilibrium(where all three mosquito genotypes coexist)becomes locally-asymptotically *** sensitivity analysis shows that the key parameters that greatly influence the dynamics and population abundance of resistant mosquitoes include the proportion of new adult mosquitoes that are females,the insecticide-induced mortality rate of adult female mosquitoes,the coverage level and efficacy of adulticides used in the community,the oviposition rates for eggs of heterozygous and homozygous resistant genotypes,and the modification parameter accounting for the reduction in insecticide-induced mortality due to ***

关键词： Malaria Insecticide resistance Genotype Pyrethroid Equilibria Population genetics

Implementing the GEOSS water strategy: from observations to decisions

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International journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 1439-1468页

作者： Richard Lawford Sushel Unninayar George j.Huffman wolfgang Grabs Angélica Gutiérrez Chu Ishida-watanabe Toshio Koike morgan State University BaltimoreUSA NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltUSA International water Affairs Federal Institute of HydrologyKoblenz National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Silver SpringUSA japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Tsukuba International Centre for water Hazard and Risk Management Tsukuba

In 2014,The GEOSS water Strategy–From Observations to Decisions was published and steps were taken to implement the Strategy’s *** Strategy highlighted priority areas where the application of Earth observations to water research and water management decisions would have significant scientific and societal *** article reviews the implementation of the Strategy’s recommendations over the past eight *** a review of the Strategy’s assessment of the needs for water observations and their applications,it then reviews actions taken in response to the Strategy’s recommendations in its four major themes:improved data acquisition for Essential water Variables,research and product development,interoperability,and capacity *** highlights significant achievements in the implementation of the Strategy including some motivated by factors beyond this Strategy,reviews actions taken by participating agencies and programs for each of the main themes and summarizes the remaining challenges in achieving the Strategy’s full *** article not only is an update for the water Community regarding the GEOSS water Strategy,but it is also an example of how other communities could develop and promulgate a set of strategic recommendations,monitor progress,and carry out assessments of their effectiveness.

关键词： Earth observations water essential water variables research interoperability capacity development

数字化立体成像分析用于辨别青光眼视神经病变

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 57-58页

作者： morgan j.E. Sheen N.j.L. North R.V. 吴琼 Cardiff University Sch. of Optom. and Vision Sciences Redwood Building Kind Edward VII Avenue Cathays Park CF10 3NB Cardiff United Kingdom Dr.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic power of a novel digital stereoscopic imaging system in the diagnosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Design: Prospective cross-sectional analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of digital stereoscopic optic disc analysis in the diagnosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy exhibiting mild to moderate field loss. Participants: Fifty-two patients with open-angle glaucoma and 54 normal individuals were recruited. The presence of a reproducible visual field loss characteristic of glaucoma was used as the reference standard for the presence of glaucoma independent of the optic nerve head appearance. Patients were excluded if the optic disc, fundus, or visual field indicated other disease. One eye from each patient and individual was included in the study, the eye with the least field loss and a randomly designated normal eye, respectively. Methods: Simultaneous stereoscopic optic disc photography was performed on each specified eye. Three experienced observers viewed the resultant stereoscopic image of each nerve head using a Z screen, recorded a subjective clinical diagnosis, and undertook digital stereoscopic planimetry. Separate linear regression analysis was performed, post hoc, from the planimetric results for each observer of the logarithm of neuroretinal rim (NRR) against optic disc area derived from each normal eye. Eyes with NRR areas below the 95th prediction interval of the normal cohort were then classified as glaucomatous. Main Outcome Measures: Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of glaucomatous optic neuropathy. Results: with subjective stereoscopic analysis, sensitivity for glaucoma detection among the 3 observers was 80.8%, 76.9%, and 90.4%, with respective specificities of 94.4%, 79.6%, and 79.6%. Regression analysis of the NRR in 30°segments gave sensitivities between 69.2%and 80.8%and specificities between 83.3%and 90.7%. A combination of the subjective and quantitative analysis did not significantly improve d

关键词：立体成像视野缺损开角型青光眼视野检查视盘面积主观分析视神经乳头面积测量立体图像神经视网膜

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Characterization of Tars from the Thermal Processing of Baganuur and Tavan Tolgoi Coals from Mongolia, Using SEC, UV-F, IR and Mass Spectrometry

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第2期3卷 130-144页

作者： Barnasan Purevsuren Yadamsuren Davaajav Sanjaa Batbilig jargalsaikhan Namkhainorov Fatma Karaca Trevor j. morgan Patricia Alvarez Rodriguez Feng H. Tay Sergei Kazarian Alan A. Herod Rafael Kandiyoti Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology Mongolian Academy of Sciences Ulaanbaatar Mongolia

Tars from two Mongolian coals (Tavan Tolgoi and Baganuur) produced by simple distillation have been characterized using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with elution in both 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and a mixed solvent (NMP and chloroform), UV-fluorescence in chloroform and NMP, gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (GC-MS, probe-MS and LD-MS with thin layer chromatography) and infra-red spectroscopy. The SEC chromatograms using NMP and the solvent mixture NMP: chloroform indicates that similar conclusions can be drawn from using either eluent. The synchronous UV-fluorescence spectra were shifted to longer wavelengths in chloroform solution than in NMP and chloroform may be the better solvent for these tars prepared without extensive secondary thermal treatment. Infra-red spectra indicated differences between the two coal tars that reflected their different ranks, with more oxygenate groups in the lower rank Baganuur coal. Mass spectrometry (GC-MS and probe-MS) of both coal tars confirmed the presence of aliphatic components as well as aromatics and the relatively extensive alkylation of aromatics. Molecular mass ranges indicated for Baganuur tar by SEC compared well with the mass range by LD-MS although the LD-MS extended to higher mass values. The high mass fractions of the tars were revealed by fractionation by thin layer chromatography with the relevant sections of the developed plates inserted directly into the mass spectrometer;laser desorption was directly from the surface of the plate. LD-MS of the unfractionated samples failed to detect the high mass components because of mass discrimination effects. The high mass components were carried over in the distillation by mass transfer of vapours into the condenser.

关键词： Mongolian Coals Tar Preparation Characterization Laser Desorption Mass Spectrometry Thin Layer Chromatography

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电荷耦合器件和系统