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Experimental Study on the Molten Salt at Micron Scale during the Melting Process

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 70-85页

作者： TIAN Ziqian liao Zhirong XU Chao FANG Yongzhe JIANG Kaijun YUAN Mengdi Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The investigation of the melting behaviors of the molten salt at micron scale during the melting process is critical for explaining the solid-liquid phase transition *** this paper,a novel experimental system and analysis method were proposed to study the melting process with three heating rates in the range of1-10℃/min of the solar salt at micron *** solid-liquid boundary morphology and phase transition kinetics of molten salt particles were focused ***,the correlations between liquid fraction,temperature and time under different heating rates were *** solid-liquid boundary morphology was depicted by the visualized experimental set-up,and the instantaneous liquid volume fraction during the non-isothermal phase transition was ***,the correlation between temperature and liquid volume fraction was proposed to reveal the evolution of the solid-liquid boundary with temperature at different heating ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equation was established by introducing a constant parameter(V_(a,b)),and more kinetic parameters such as 1g V_(a,b) and-lg V_(a,b)/b were *** results showed that the exponent b is not sensitive to the heating rate with a range of 3-5 for solar salt ***,the heating rate influences the value of V_(a,b) and presents a positive ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equations at different heating rates in the range of 1-10℃/min can be quickly predicted by the proposed improved experimental test *** study could fill the research insufficiency and provide significant guidance for future research on the solid-liquid transition mechanism of molten salts at micron scale.

关键词： molten salt non-isothermal phase transition solid-liquid boundary morphology liquid volume fraction micron scale melting process

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Investigation on Strengthening Mechanism of China Low-Activation Ferrite Steel upon Thermo-Mechanical Treatment

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第2期37卷 373-387页

作者： Dongtian Yang Liangyin Xiong hongbin liao Guoping Yang Xiaoyu wang Shi Liu Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang110016China Center for Fusion Science Southwestern Institute of PhysicsChengdu610041China

The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of strengthening mechanisms on the high-temperature mechanical properties of China low-activation ferrite(CLF-1)steel,which underwent thermodynamic design and thermo-mechanical treatment(TMT).The microstructure characterization in the normalized and tempered condition and the TMT condition was carried out using optical microscopy,X-ray diffractometer,and scanning electron microscopy with electron backscatter ***-resolution transmission electron microscopy was employed to determine the crystallographic structures of precipitated *** results indicated that the addition of Ti led to an increase in the allocation of C in MC phase and an enhancement in the content of MC *** to CLF-P steel in the normalized and tempered condition,a 1.5-fold increase in dislocation density and an order of magnitude improvement in MX phase density were achieved after *** formation of high-density nano-scale MC phases during TMT played a significant role in precipitation strengthening due to their favorable coherent relationship with the matrix and low interfacial free *** excellent high-temperature mechanical properties observed in CLF-P steel after TMT can be attributed to the combined effects of precipitation strengthening,dislocation strengthening,and lath strengthening.

关键词： China low-activation ferrite(CLF-1)steel Thermo-mechanical treatment MC phase Crystallographic structure Strengthening mechanism

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Creep constitutive model considering nonlinear creep degradation of fractured rock

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第1期34卷 105-116页

作者： wang Chunping Liu Jianfeng Chen Liang Liu Jian wang Lu liao Yilin Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology Beijing 100029China CAEA Innovation Center for Geological Disposal of high-Level Radioactive waste Beijing 100029China State Key Laboratory of hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xihua UniversityChengdu 610039China

Stability analysis of underground constructions requires a model study of rock masses’ long-term performance. Creep tests under different stress conditions was conducted on intact granite and granite samples fractured at 30° and 45° angles. The experimental results indicate that the steady creep strain rates of intact and fractured rock present an exponential increase trend with the increase of stress level. A nonlinear creep model is developed based on the experimental results, in which the initial damage caused by fracture together with the damage caused by constant load have been taken into consideration. The fitting analysis results indicated that the model proposed is more accurate at identifying the full creep regions in fractured granite, especially the accelerated stage of creep deformation. The least-square fit error of the proposed creep model is significantly lower than that of Nishihara model by almost an order of magnitude. An analysis of the effects of elastic modulus, viscosity coefficient, and damage factors on fractured rock strain rate and creep strain is conducted. If no consideration is given to the effects of the damage, the proposed nonlinear creep model can degenerate into to the classical Nishihara model.

关键词： Fractured rock Damage Creep Beishan granite Geological disposal

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Opto-fluidically multiplexed assembly and micro-robotics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 544-554页

作者： Elena Erben weida liao Antonio Minopoli Nicola Maghelli Eric Lauga Moritz Kreysing Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Dresden 01307Germany Center for Systems Biology Dresden 01307Germany Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems–Biological Information Processing.Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344Germany Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of CambridgeCambridge CB30WAUK

Techniques for high-definition micromanipulations,such as optical tweezers,hold substantial interest across a wide range of ***,their applicability remains constrained by material properties and laser *** while microfluidic manipulations have been suggested as an alternative,their inherent capabilities are limited and further hindered by practical challenges of implementation and *** we show that the iterative application of laser-induced,localized flow fields can be used for the relative positioning of multiple micro-particles,irrespectively of their material *** to the standing theoretical proposal,our method keeps particles mobile,and we show that their precision manipulation is non-linearly accelerated via the multiplexing of temperature stimuli below the heat diffusion *** resulting flow fields are topologically rich and mathematically *** represent unprecedented microfluidic control capabilities that are illustrated by the actuation of humanoid micro-robots with up to 30 degrees of freedom,whose motions are sufficiently well-defined to reliably communicate personal characteristics such as gender,happiness and *** results constitute high-definition micro-fluidic manipulations with transformative potential for assembly,micro-manufacturing,the life sciences,robotics and optohydraulically actuated micro-factories.

关键词： manipulation fluid assembly

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A demand forecasting model for urban air mobility in Chengdu,China

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第3期3卷 11-23页

作者： wenqiu Qu Jie huang Chenglong Li Xiaohan liao State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Civil Aviation Flight University of China Guanghan618307China The Research Center for UAV Applications and Regulation CASBeijing 100101China

The successful application of new technologies such as remotely piloted aircraft systems,distributed electric propulsion systems,and automatic control systems on electric vertical take-off and landing(eVTOL)aircraft has prompted Urban Air Mobility(UAM)to be mentioned *** is a newly raised transport mode of using eVTOL aircraft to transport people and cargo in urban areas,which is thought to share some of the traffic on the *** of the prerequisites for UAM to operate on a regular basis is that its demand can support the operating costs,so forecasting UAM demand is *** conduct UAM demand forecasting based on the four-step method,focusing on improving the third-step modal split,and propose a demand forecasting model based on the logit *** model combines a nested logit(NL)model with a multinomial logit(MNL)model to solve the problem of non-existent UAM sharing *** use Chengdu,China as an example,and focus on forecasting the UAM traffic demand in 2030 with the help of the four-step *** results show that UAM is suitable for shared operation during the early *** a fully shared operation,the UAM share rate increases by 0.73%for every kilometer increase in ***,UAM is more competitive than other modes for delivery distances exceeding 15 ***,using the distributions of the share rate and traffic flow pattern from the simulation,we propose the routes that can be prioritized for UAM operations in Chengdu.

关键词： Urban air mobility Four-step method Demand forecasting Logit model Share rate

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Improved ferroelectric properties of CMOS back-end-of-line compatible hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)thin films by introducing dielectric layers

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第2期10卷 277-284页

作者： Changfan Ju Binjian Zeng Ziqi Luo Zhibin Yang Puqi hao Luocheng liao Qijun Yang Qiangxiang Peng Shuaizhi Zheng Yichun Zhou Min liao Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials and Application Technology of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Xidian UniversityXi'an710126China

hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)(hZO)ferroelectric thin films have gained significant attention for the development of next-generation ferroelectric memories by complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)back-end-of-line(BEOL)processing,due to their relatively low crystallization ***,it remains challenging to achieve excellent ferroelectric properties with post deposition annealing(PDA)process at a BEOL compatible *** these lines,in this work,it is demonstrated that the ferroelec-tricity of 15 nm thick hZO thin film prepared by PDA process at 400℃can be improved to varying degrees,via depositing 2 nm thick dielectric layers of Al_(2)O_(3),hfO_(2),or ZrO_(2)at either the bottom or the top of the ***,the hZO thin film with the top-Al_(2)O_(3)layer exhibits remarkable ferroelectric prop-erties,which are independent of the thickness of *** 6 nm thick hZO thin film shows a total remanent polarization(2Pr)of 31 mC/cm^(2)under an operating voltage of 2.5 *** results represent a significant advancement in the fabrication of high-performance,BEOL compatible ferroelectric mem-ories,as compared to previously reported state-of-the-art works.

关键词： Al_(2)O_(3) BEOL processing Ferroelectricity hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)(hZO)

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high-performance Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)achieved by polyaniline intercalation and gelatinization as a high-energy cathode for zinc-ion capacitor

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5305-5316页

作者： Peng liao ZiYu Geng Xin Zhang wenjie Yan Zenghui Qiu haijun Xu College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The actual manufacture of supercapacitors(SCs)is restricted by the inadequate energy density,and the energy density of devices can be properly promoted by assembling zinc-ion capacitors(ZICs)which used capacitive cathode and battery-type ***-dimensional(2D)MXene has brought great focuses in the electrode research on the foundation of large redox-active surface,but the specific capacitance is still affected by the tight stacking of ***_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@polyaniline(PANI)heterostructures are prepared by uniformly depositing the conductive polymer PANI nanorods as the intercalation agent into the external of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)nanosheets to inhibit ***,by using graphene oxide(GO)-assisted low-temperature hydrothermal self-assembly manufacture,2D heterostructures are assembled into the three-dimensional(3D)porous crosslinked Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@PANI-reduced graphene oxide(RGO)*** to the synergistic work of PANI nanorods,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(X)nanosheets,and 3D crosslinking frameworks of RGO to match capacitive and battery effects,3D porous hierarchical Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@PANI-RGO heterostructure hydrogels have rich ion transport channels,a large number of active sites,and excellent reaction *** is assembled by using Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@PANI-RGO heterostructure hydrogels as cathodes and zinc foil as *** this work,Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@PANI-RGO//Zn ZIC exhibits a wide working window(2.0 V),marked specific capacitance(589.89 F·g^(−1)at 0.5 A·g−1),salient energy density(327.71 wh·kg^(−1)at 513.61 w·kg^(−1)and 192.20 wh·kg^(−1)at 13,005.87 w·kg^(−1)),and durable cycling stability(97.87%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles at 10 A·g^(−1)).This study emphasizes the device design of ZICs and the broad prospect of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based hydrogels as viable cathodes for ZICs.

关键词： polyaniline(PANI) Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)@PANI heterostructure intercalation process three-dimensional(3D)porous hydrogel high energy density zinc-ion capacitor

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Analysis of temperature characteristics of high-speed train wheelset system under complex operating conditions

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2024年第3期4卷 331-345页

作者： Baosen wang Yongqiang Liu Yingying liao Yixuan wang School of Mechanical Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina hebei Key Laboratory of Mechanical Power and Transmission Control Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina School of Civil Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuangChina Taiyuan Vehicle Depot Daqin Railway Co.Ltd.TaiyuanChina

with the rapid advancements in high-speed train technology,the importance of ensuring the safety of train operations has become ***,being a critical component of train bogies,have garnered significant attention for their role in maintaining safety *** the temperature of bearings to evaluate their motion state is a common practice in high-speed trains,emphasizing the need for further research into temperature *** this study,a dynamic model is developed for the bearing rotor system of high-speed *** considering the contact points between raceways and rolling elements,the power loss in the bearing is obtained and a transient temperature-field model of the system is *** relationship between node temperature and factors such as ambient temperature,train running speed,and load is illustrated,with a detailed presentation of the influence of bearing fault type and size on node *** analysis results reveal that the node temperature increases with higher values corresponding to those quantifiable factors and is most affected by rolling element ***,it is observed that the temperature rises rapidly in the initial stage and gradually flattens out over *** comparative analysis of temperature under different fault conditions shows that the node temperature is most affected by the rolling element *** and actual line temperature data are used to verify the validity of the *** comparison results show that the simulation aligns well with experimental and line *** transient temperature-field model of the bearing rotor system in high-speed trains can effectively simulate and predict the temperature change process of each node of the *** simulation results hold certain theoretical guiding significance for further research and practical applications in ensuring train operation safety.

关键词： high-speed train dynamic model transient temperature field bearing fault line data

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Facile synthesis of nanoparticles-stacked Co_(3)O_(4)nanoflakes with catalase-like activity for accelerating wound healing

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2024年第3期3卷 82-91页

作者： Yanan huang wanyi liao wenxuan wang Tingting Zhang Yan Zhang Lei Lu school and hospital of Stomatology Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou 325027China sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs School of Life Science and EngineeringSouthwest jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Key Lab of Advanced Technology of Materials of Education Ministry School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China school of Chemistry Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengduSichuan 610031China

Delayed wound healing caused by excessive reactive oxygen species(Ros)remains a considerable *** recent years,metal oxide nanozymes have gained significant attention in biomedical ***,a comprehensive investigation of Co_(3)O_(4)-based nanozymes for enhancing wound healing and tissue regeneration is *** study focuses on developing a facile synthesis method to produce high-stability and costeffective Co_(3)O_(4)nanoflakes(NFs)with promising catalase(CAT)-like activity to regulate the oxidative microenvironment and accelerate wound *** closely arranged Co_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles(NPs)within the NFs structure result in a significantly larger surface area,thereby amplifying the enzymatic activity compared to commercially available Co_(3)O_(4)*** physiological conditions,itwas observed that CogO,NFs efficientlybreak down hydrogen peroxide(h_(2)O_(2))without generating harmful radicals(Oh).Moreover,they exhibit excellent compatibility with various cells involved in wound healing,promoting fibroblast growth and protecting cells from oxidatives *** a ratmodel,Co_(3)O_(4) NFs facilitate both the hemostatic and proliferative phases of wound healing,consequently accelerating the ***,thepromising results of Co_(3)O_(4)NFs highlight their potential in promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration.

关键词： Co_(3)O_(4) nanoflake nanozyxygen species wound healing

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Nest complexity correlates with larger brain size but smaller body mass across bird species

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 496-504页

作者： Shaobin LI Yuxin LIU Xiaolong DU Guopan LI wenbo liao College of Life Science Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina Key Laboratory of Southwest China wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongChina

Amniotes differ substantially in absolute and relative brain size after controlling for allometry,and numerous hypotheses have been proposed to explain brain size *** size is thought to correlate with processing capacity and the brain’s ability to support complex manipulation such as nest-building *** increased complexity of nest structure is supposed to be a measure of an ability to manipulate nesting material into the required *** degree of nest-structure complexity is also supposed to be associated with body mass,partly because small species lose heat faster and delicate and insulated nests are more crucial for temperature control of eggs during incubation by small ***,we conducted comparative analyses to test these hypotheses by investigating whether the complexity of species-typical nest structure can be explained by brain size and body mass(a covariate also to control for allometric effects on brain size)across 1353 bird species from 147 *** with these hypotheses,our results revealed that avian brain size increases as the complexity of the nest structure increases after controlling for a significant effect of body size,and also that a negative relationship exists between nest complexity and body mass.

关键词： body size brain size comparative analysis nest building nest type reproductive investment

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