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Muscle function, physical performance and body composition changes in men with prostate cancer undergoing androgen deprivation therapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 204-221页

作者： Thomas w Storet Renee Miciek Thomas g Travison Section of Endocrinology Diabetes and Nutrition Boston University School of Medicine Boston MA 02118 USA

Prostate cancer （PCa） is the most common visceral malignancy in men with androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） the preferred therapy to suppress testosterone production and hence tumor growth. Despite its effectiveness in lowering testosterone, ADT is associated with side effects including loss of muscle mass, diminished muscle strength, decrements in physical performance, earlier fatigue and declining quality of life. This review reports a survey of the literature with a focus on changes in muscle strength, physical function and body composition, due to short-term and long-term ADT. Studies in these areas are sparse, especially well-controlled, prospective randomized trials. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data （up to 2 years） for men with PCa treated with ADT as well as patients with PCa not receiving ADT and age-matched healthy men are presented when available. Based on limited longitudinal data, the adverse effects of ADT on muscle function, physical performance and body composition occur shortly after the onset of ADT and tend to persist and worsen over time. Exercise training is a safe and effective intervention for mitigating these changes and initial guidelines for exercise program design for men with PCa have been published by the American College of Sports Medicine. Disparities in study duration, types of studies and other patient-specific variables such as time since diagnosis, cancer stage and comorbidities may all affect an understanding of the influence of ADT on health, physical performance and mortality.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy androgen suppression exercise prescription exercise training functional assessment lean body mass older men prostate cancer

L-arginine, the substrate of nitric oxide synthase,inhibits fertility of male rats

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第2期3卷 97-103页

作者： w.D.Ratnasooriya M.g.Dharmasiri Department of Zoology University of Colombo Colombo 3 Sri LankaDepartment of Zoology University of Colombo Colombo 3 Sri Lanka

Aim: To examine the effect of L-arginine, the substrate of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, on reproductive function ofmale rats. Methods: Male rats were gavaged with either L-arginine (100 or 200 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)), D-arginine (200mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)) or vehicle (0.9% NaCl) for seven consecutive days. Their sexual behaviour and fertility were evaluat-ed using receptive females. Results: L-arginine (200 mg/kg) had no significant effect on sexual competence (interms of sexual arousal, libido, sexual vigour and sexual performance). In mating experiments, the higher dose of L-arginine effectively and reversibly inhibited fertility, whilst the lower dose and the inactive stereoisomer D-arginine hadno significant effect. The antifertility effect caused by L-arginine was due to a profound elevation in the preimplantationloss mediated possibly by impairment in epididymal sperm maturation, hyperactivated sperm motility and sperm capaci-tation. Conclusion: Elevated NO production may be detrimental to male fertility.

关键词： L-arginine nitric oxide fertility libido sex behavior pre-implantation loss sperm motility contraceptives

Unusual Polarization Properties of Supernova Remnant g4.8＋6.2 at 1400MHz

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Chinese Physics Letters 2003年第6期20卷 969-971页

作者： ZHANgXi-Zhen R.g.Strom w.Reich NationalAstronomicalObservatories ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100012 AstronomicalInstitute UniversityofAmsterdamNetherlands Max-Planck-InstitutfuerRadioastronomie Postfach202453010BonnGermany

Unusual polarization properties of the high galactic latitude supernova remnant (SNR) g4.8+6.2 are reported. The percentage polarization is larger than 70% over the two main shells of g4.8+6.2 at 1400 MHz. It is the second SNR with such high polarization at such a low frequency among the known 225 SNRs. we show that this is very unusual for an SNR. Its morphology and polarization are very similar to those of the supernova remnant DA530 (g93.0+6.5), which is another high galactic latitude SNR.

关键词： Supernova remnants Polarization galaxies

AN ANALYSIS OF SUBgRID-RESOLVED SCALE INTERACTIONS wITH USE OF RESULTS FROM DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1999年第2期15卷 108-115页

作者： H. gong S. Chen g.w. He Environment Safety and Health Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA LNM Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Subgrid nonlinear interaction and energy transfer are analyzed using direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence. Influences of cutoff wave number at different ranges of scale on the energetics and dynamics have been investigated. It is observed that subgrid-subgrid interaction dominates the turbulent dynamics when cut-off wave number locates in the energy-containing range while resolved-subgrid interaction dominates if it is in the dissipation range. By decomposing the subgrid energy transfer and nonlinear interaction into ‘forward’ and ‘backward’ groups according to the sign of triadic interaction, we find that individually each group has very large contribution, but the net of them is much smaller, implying that tremendous cancellation happens between these two groups.

关键词： subgrid nonlinear interaction energy transfer large eddy simulation (LES) subgrid scale (SgS) direct numerical simulation isotropic turbulence

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西德出口的内燃机车

国外铁道机车与动车 1986年第5期 1-6页

作者： w.grlitz S.Kademann 林宏迪

在长期出口经验的基础上,联邦德国的机车工业提供了所有系统的现代机车。“德国造”的机车,在进口国是经济使用的保证;它的维护与修理工作不断减少。1.全世界新的需求以今天交通工具的服务年限计算,铁路是刚好150岁的“小伙子”,现正处... 详细信息

在长期出口经验的基础上,联邦德国的机车工业提供了所有系统的现代机车。“德国造”的机车,在进口国是经济使用的保证;它的维护与修理工作不断减少。1.全世界新的需求以今天交通工具的服务年限计算,铁路是刚好150岁的“小伙子”,现正处于世界范围内的复苏时期:现有线路的改建和现代化以及

关键词：液力传动内燃机车西德德国机车工业出口

Origins of perturbations in dayside equatorial ground magnetograms

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 215-221页

作者： Syau-Yun w.Hsieh David g.Sibeck The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA NASA goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMarylandUSA

To determine the cause(s)of perturbations seen in dayside equatorial ground magnetograms,we conducted a systematic survey of simultaneous ground-based and geosynchronous satellite-based observations during the 90-day period from December 1,2020 to February 28,*** examined Huancayo ground magnetometer observations from 14:00:00 to 20:00:00 UT each day,during which Huancayo passed through local *** those data we chose perturbation events selected on the basis of large(>20 nT)event amplitude and classified the selected events as responding primarily to solar wind pressure,or to variations in the north/south component of the interplanetary magnetic field(IMF Bz),or perhaps in part to *** results show that an equivalent number of events were identified for each model during this 90-day *** in the lagged solar wind dynamic pressure routinely correspond to nearly simultaneous sudden impulses recorded at both geosynchronous orbit and on the *** in IMF Bz produce erosion signatures at geosynchronous orbit and can correspond to ground events if lag times for reconnection to enhance convection in the magnetosphere are taken into account.

关键词： dayside magnetosphere dayside equatorial ionosphere geosynchronous magnetic field

BEHAVIOR OF FLOw STRESS OF ALUMINUM SHEETS USED FOR PRESSURE CAN DURINg COMPRESSION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2005年第6期18卷 756-762页

作者： g.S. Fu w.Z. Chen K. w. Qian School of Mechanical Engineering Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

The behavior of flow stress of Al sheets used for pressure can prepared by different melt-treatment during plastic deformation at elevated temperature was studied by isothermal compression test using gleeble1500 dynamic hot-simulation testing machine. The results show that the AI sheets possess the remarkable characteristic of steady state flow stress when they are deformed in the temperature range of 350-500℃ at strain rates within the range of 0.01-10.0s^-1. A hyperbolic sine relationship is found to correlate well the flow stress with the strain rate, and an Arrhenius relationship with the temperature, which implies that the process of plastic deformation at elevated temperature for this material is thermally activated. Compared with the AI pieces prepared by no or conventional melt-treatment, hot deformation activation energy of AI sheets prepared by high-efficient melt-treatment is the smallest （ Q= 168.0kJ/mol）, which reveals that the hot working formability of this material is very better, and has directly to do with the effective improvement of its metallurgical quality.

关键词： Al sheets used for can melt-treatment plastic deformation at elevatedtemperature flow stress hot deformation activation energy

FRACTAL INVESTIgATION OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE IN Alnico8 THERMOMAgNETICALLY TREATED

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2000年第4期13卷 932-936页

作者： Fei, w.D. Chu, w.g. Yang, D.Z. Harbin Inst of Technology Harbin China

Fe-Co rich particles in the Alnico8 samples thermomagnetically treated for various times at 800 °C have been found to be of self-similarity and of fractal characteristics both in two-dimensional space and three-dimensional space. Fe-Co rich particles for 1.5, 3 and 5 min treatment have also shown a different fractal nature both in two-dimensional space and three-dimensional space as compared with the case for 10 min, which implies that Fe-Co rich particles evolve through different kinetic mechanisms. The fractal dimensions for 1.5, 3 and 5 min as well as 10 min treatment derived from the SAXS data in three-dimensional space are in agreement with the theoretical dimensions for two models introduced respectively. The fractal dimensions in two-dimensional space greater than the theoretical ones for two models can be attributed to the strong anisotropy of Fe-Co rich particle evolution in three-dimensional space.

关键词： Fractals Magnetization Microstructure Thermal effects Three dimensional Two dimensional

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悬浮型乳状液的一些研究

农药译丛 1990年第5期12卷 52-56页

作者： A.w.gger w.gückel 齐振华 BASF公司 BASF公司西德西德

悬浮型乳状液(suspoemulsions)是悬浮液(固体/液体)和乳状液(液体/液体)混合物的分散体。近来它已被用于农药混合物的配制,混合物中一种或多种成份是农药的液体或油溶液,其他成份是固体。一些方法可被用于配制悬浮型乳状液(按 gIFAP 国... 详细信息

悬浮型乳状液(suspoemulsions)是悬浮液(固体/液体)和乳状液(液体/液体)混合物的分散体。近来它已被用于农药混合物的配制,混合物中一种或多种成份是农药的液体或油溶液,其他成份是固体。一些方法可被用于配制悬浮型乳状液(按 gIFAP 国际代码系统悬浮型乳状液缩写成SE)。最常用方法是分别配制悬浮液和乳状液,然后将它们以所需比例混合。

关键词：悬浮型乳状液农药混合物