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An efficient quantum proactive incremental learning algorithm

Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 49-57页

作者： Lingxiao Li jing Li Yanqi Song Sujuan Qin Qiaoyan wen Fei Gao State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of cyberspace Security Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications

In scenarios where a large amount of data needs to be learned, incremental learning can make full use of old knowledge, significantly reduce the computational cost of the overall learning process, and maintain high performance. In this paper, taking the Maxcut problem as our example, we introduce the idea of incremental learning into quantum computing, and propose a Quantum Proactive Incremental Learning algorithm(QPIL). Instead of a one-off training of quantum circuit, QPIL contains a multi-phase training on gradually-increased subgraphs of all vertices, proactively reducing large-scale problems to smaller ones to solve in steps, providing an efficient solution for Maxcut. Specifically, some vertices and corresponding edges are randomly selected for training to obtain optimized parameters of the quantum circuit at first. Then, in each incremental phase, the remaining vertices and corresponding edges are gradually added and the parameters obtained from the previous phase are reused in the parameter initialization of the current phase. we perform experiments on 120 different small-scale graphs, and it shows that QPIL performs superior to prevalent quantum and classical baselines in terms of approximation ratio(AR), time cost, anti-forgetting, and solving stability. In particular, QPIL's AR surpasses 20% of mainstream quantum baselines, and the time cost is less than 1/5 of them. The idea of QPIL is expected to inspire efficient and high-quality solutions in large-scale Max cut and other combinatorial optimization problems.

关键词： variational quantum algorithm incremental learning multi-phase training Maxcut quantum computing

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Real-world evidence on the efficacy and safety of vonoprazanamoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori treatment in elderly patients

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 68-78页

作者： wen Gao jing-wen Li Hui Ye Xue-Zhi Zhang Jian-Xiang Liu Hong cheng Department of Gastroenterology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China School of Medicine Tsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100034China Department of Traditional chinese Medicine and Integrative Medicine Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

BAcKGROUND A dual therapy regimen containing amoxicillin is a common treatment option for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori(***).while substantial research supports the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan and amoxicillin(VA)dual therapy in the general population,there is still a lack of studies specifically focusing on its safety in elderly *** To evaluate efficacy and safety of VA dual therapy as first-line or rescue treatment for *** in elderly *** As a real-world retrospective study,data were collected from elderly patients aged 60 years and above who accepted VA dual therapy(vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily+amoxicillin 1000 mg thrice daily for 14 days)for *** eradication in the Department of Gastroenterology at Peking University First Hospital between June 2020 and January *** status was evaluated by^(13)c-urease breath test 6 weeks after *** adverse events(AEs)during treatment were *** In total,401 cases were ***-one cases were excluded due to loss to follow-up,lack of re-examination,or unwillingness to take *** total of 380 included cases comprised 250 who received VA dual therapy as first-line treatment and 130 who received VA dual therapy as rescue *** was successfully eradicated in 239 cases(95.6%)in the first-line treatment group and 116 cases(89.2%)in the rescue treatment *** overall incidence of AEs was 9.5%for both ***,9.2%of patients experienced an AE in the first-line treatment group and 10.0%in the rescue treatment *** patients discontinued treatment due to AE,with a discontinuation rate of 1.3%.No serious AE *** The VA dual therapy regimen as a first-line treatment and a rescue therapy was effective and safe for elderly patients aged 60 and older.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Vonoprazan Amoxicillin Dual therapy Elderly

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欧盟转基因食品强制标识制度相关立法及其启示

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食品科学 2025年第2期46卷 290-298页

作者：张晶罗佼妮西南交通大学公共管理学院四川成都610031

转基因食品标识管理是保障食品安全的重要环节。欧盟对转基因食品强制标识的审慎监管为控制安全风险提供了新的路径选择,其通过不断扩大转基因食品标识范围、降低标识风险阈值、建立全过程追溯以及转基因成分检测体系,持续优化转基因食... 详细信息

转基因食品标识管理是保障食品安全的重要环节。欧盟对转基因食品强制标识的审慎监管为控制安全风险提供了新的路径选择,其通过不断扩大转基因食品标识范围、降低标识风险阈值、建立全过程追溯以及转基因成分检测体系,持续优化转基因食品标识制度并构建了完善的法律体系,呈现出转基因食品安全监管的强制性特色。本文通过回顾欧盟转基因食品强制标识制度的历史沿革,总结出其主要立法内容和法律体系的显著特征,提出完善我国转基因食品标识制度的3项立法建议以及建立追溯、检测和惩罚救济的配套措施等,以期为解决我国转基因食品标识制度所存在的问题提供创新思路。

关键词：欧盟转基因食品强制标识可追溯

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基于熵权与集成学习的半监督小样本树种分类研究

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森林工程 2025年第1期41卷 151-161页

作者：王静李静河南机电职业学院信息工程学院郑州451191 河南科技大学信息工程学院河南洛阳471000

针对传统半监督自训练分类方法易导致数据集混乱,影响后续小样本树种分类精度这一问题,基于熵权法(en-tropy weight,Ew)与集成学习(ensemble learning,EL)提出Ew-EL的半监督小样本树种分类方法。Ew-EL在传统半监督自训练分类方法的理论... 详细信息

针对传统半监督自训练分类方法易导致数据集混乱,影响后续小样本树种分类精度这一问题,基于熵权法(en-tropy weight,Ew)与集成学习(ensemble learning,EL)提出Ew-EL的半监督小样本树种分类方法。Ew-EL在传统半监督自训练分类方法的理论上引入EL的思想,以熵权法作为基础理论设计按基分类器当前训练周期下的F1分数计算的信息熵作为计算权重因子,再依信息熵越大基分类器越不稳定思想设计权重,使集成分类器分类概率更集中,减少集成分类器偏向性。结果显示,Ew-EL较传统半监督自训练方法能更有效地均衡数据分布,使新加入数据的伪标签样本类别更准确。Ew-EL所得到的小样本树种分类总精度(OA)为0.97、召回率(Recall)为0.96及Kappa系数为0.97,3种指标均优于监督分类、传统半监督自训练方法及利用传统EL机制所构建的半监督自训练方法。其中,Ew-EL方法较融合软投票机制的半监督自训练方法,OA与Recall均提升了1%。Ew-EL联合简单线性迭代聚类所制成的树种图在所选测试区内达到了94%。此外,进一步分析证明,Ew-EL能通过集成诸多分类器,来实现更佳的小样本树种分类结果,更适用于低成本下的相关部门进行林业资源统计的工作。

关键词：无人机影像熵权法深度学习集成学习半监督小样本分类树种分类树种制图 Ew-EL

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Effects of the extrusion parameters on microstructure,texture and room temperature mechanical properties of extruded Mg-2.49Nd-1.82Gd-0.2Zn-0.2Zr alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 136-146页

作者： chenjin Zhang Guangyu Yang Lei Xiao Zhiyong Kan jing Guo Qiang Li wanqi Jie State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China college of Materials Science and Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China college of chemistry and Environmental Science Qujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011China

Microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of the extruded Mg-2.49Nd-1.82Gd-0.2Zn-0.2Zr alloy were investigated at different extrusion temperatures(260 and 320℃),extrusion ratios(10:1,15:1,and 30:1),and extrusion speeds(3 and 6 mm/s).The experimental results exhibited that the grain sizes after extrusion were much finer than that of the homogenized alloy,and the second phase showed streamline distribution along the extrusion direction(ED).with extrusion temperature increased from 260 to 320℃,the microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of alloys changed *** dynamic recrystallization(DRX)degree and grain sizes enhanced as the extrusion ratio increased from 10:1 to 30:1,and the strength gradually decreased but elongation(EL)*** the extrusion speed increased from 3 to 6 mm/s,the grain sizes and DRX degree increased significantly,and the samples presented the typical-rare-earth(RE)*** alloy extruded at 260℃ with extrusion ratio of 10:1 and extrusion speed of 3 mm/s showed the tensile yield strength(TYS)of 213 MPa and EL of 30.6%.After quantitatively analyzing the contribution of strengthening mechanisms,it was found that the grain boundary strengthening and dislocation strengthening played major roles among strengthening *** results provide some guidelines for enlarging the industrial application of extruded Mg-RE alloy.

关键词： Mg-rare earth alloys extrusion temperature extrusion ratio extrusion speed strengthening mechanisms

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Dip2a regulates stress susceptibility in the basolateral amygdala

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1735-1748页

作者： jing Li Zixuan He weitai chai Meng Tian Huali Yu Xiaoxiao He Xiaojuan Zhu Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education Institute of Genetics and CytologyNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunJilin ProvinceChina

Dysregulation of neurotransmitter metabolism in the central nervous system contributes to mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and post–traumatic stress disorder. Monoamines and amino acids are important types of neurotransmitters. Our previous results have shown that disco-interacting protein 2 homolog A(Dip2a) knockout mice exhibit brain development disorders and abnormal amino acid metabolism in serum. This suggests that DIP2A is involved in the metabolism of amino acid–associated neurotransmitters. Therefore, we performed targeted neurotransmitter metabolomics analysis and found that Dip2a deficiency caused abnormal metabolism of tryptophan and thyroxine in the basolateral amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. In addition, acute restraint stress induced a decrease in 5-hydroxytryptamine in the basolateral amygdala. Additionally, Dip2a was abundantly expressed in excitatory neurons of the basolateral amygdala, and deletion of Dip2a in these neurons resulted in hopelessness-like behavior in the tail suspension test. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that DIP2A in the basolateral amygdala may be involved in the regulation of stress susceptibility. This provides critical evidence implicating a role of DIP2A in affective disorders.

关键词： 5-hydroxytryptamine acute restraint stress basolateral amygdala caMKII neurons DIP2A metabolomics neurotransmitters principal component analysis stress susceptibility tryptophan

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Dynamic Regulation of Hydrogen Bonding Networks and Solvation Structures for Synergistic Solar‑Thermal Desalination of Seawater and catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 548-565页

作者： Ming‑Yuan Yu jing wu Guang Yin Fan‑Zhen Jiao Zhong‑Zhen Yu Jin Qu Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Organic‑Inorganic composites College of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China

Although solar steam generation strategy is efficient in desalinating seawater,it is still challenging to achieve continuous solar-thermal desalination of seawater and catalytic degradation of organic ***,dynamic regulations of hydrogen bonding networks and solvation structures are realized by designing an asymmetric bilayer membrane consisting of a bacterial cellulose/carbon nanotube/co_(2)(OH)_(2)cO_(3)nanorod top layer and a bacterial cellulose/co_(2)(OH)_(2)cO_(3)nanorod(BcH)bottom ***,the hydrogen bonding networks inside the membrane can be tuned by the rich surface–OH groups of the bacterial cellulose and co_(2)(OH)_(2)cO_(3)as well as the ions and radicals in situ generated during the catalysis ***,both SO_(4)^(2−)and HSO_(5)−can regulate the solvation structure of Na^(+)and be adsorbed more preferentially on the evaporation surface than cl^(−),thus hindering the de-solvation of the solvated Na^(+)and subsequent nucleation/growth of ***,the heat generated by the solar-thermal energy conversion can accelerate the reaction kinetics and enhance the catalytic degradation *** work provides a flow-bed water purification system with an asymmetric solar-thermal and catalytic membrane for synergistic solar thermal desalination of seawater/brine and catalytic degradation of organic pollutants.

关键词： Solar steam generation Seawater desalination catalytic degradation Bacterial cellulose cobalt hydroxycarbonate nanorods

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Surface embedded binary co-cu hydroxy phosphate over surface of oxy/hydroxides for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 195-207页

作者： chun Zhu Yifei Yang Yike jing Zhen Zeng Xuesong Yi wei Sun Fei Yang Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province School of Environmental Science and EngineeringHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction(NO3RR)to ammonia is a promising approach to address excess Ncontamination in aqueous environment but suffers from a limited ammonia yield and selectivity due to the low concentration and sluggish *** work reports a three-dimensional porous electrode with binary co_(2)cu_(1)hydroxy phosphate embedded into the surface of Ni_(3)co_(1)oxy/hydroxides(cocu-PH@Nico/Ni,“PH”means phosphate-hydroxide),which delivers a yield of 4.13 mg·h^(-1)·cm^(-2)with a high Faraday efficiency of 92.6%under a low nitrate concentration of 40 mM and provide an impressive *** embedded structure of the as-prepared catalyst exhibits unique metal coordination ligands and valence states different from the unitary *** electrochemical in situ infrared spectra and theoretical calculations revealed that the co sites with the ability to dissociate water molecular to form adsorbed OH*can effectively provide the required protons for the deoxygenation and hydrogenation steps during NO3-conversion,thereby,effectively reducing the energy barrier of the key transition states in the NO3RR process to improve the intrinsic *** demonstrate that the rational design of binary components with the appropriate ability to activate water molecules as well as the threedimensional porous skeletal structure are expected to promote effectively the low-concentration nitrates conversion to ammonia.

关键词： nitrate reduction hydroxy phosphate surface embedded water dissociation active hydroxy adsorbed

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miRNA-21-5p is an important contributor to the promotion of injured peripheral nerve regeneration using hypoxia-pretreated bone marrow-derived neural crest cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 277-290页

作者： Meng cong jing-jing Hu Yan Yu Xiao-Li Li Xiao-Ting Sun Li-Ting wang Xia wu Ling-Jie Zhu Xiao-Jia Yang Qian-Ru He Fei Ding Hai-Yan Shi School of Medicine Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education and coinnovation center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Physiology Jiangsu Health Vocational CollegeNanjingJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu clinical Medicine center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Affiliated Hospital of Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

Our previous study found that rat bone marrow–derived neural crest cells(acting as Schwann cell progenitors)have the potential to promote long-distance nerve ***-based therapy can enhance peripheral nerve repair and regeneration through paracrine bioactive factors and intercellular ***,the complex contributions of various types of soluble cytokines and extracellular vesicle cargos to the secretome remain *** investigate the role of the secretome and extracellular vesicles in repairing damaged peripheral nerves,we collected conditioned culture medium from hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cells,and found that it significantly promoted the repair of sensory neurons damaged by oxygen-glucose *** mRNA expression of trophic factors was highly expressed in hypoxia-pretreated neural crest *** performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis and found that miR-21-5p was enriched in hypoxia-pretreated extracellular vesicles of neural crest ***,to further clarify the role of hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles rich in miR-21-5p in axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,we used a microfluidic axonal dissociation model of sensory neurons in vitro,and found that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest cell extracellular vesicles promoted axonal growth and regeneration of sensory neurons,which was greatly dependent on loaded ***,we constructed a miR-21-5p-loaded neural conduit to repair the sciatic nerve defect in rats and found that the motor and sensory functions of injured rat hind limb,as well as muscle tissue morphology of the hind limbs,were obviously *** findings suggest that hypoxia-pretreated neural crest extracellular vesicles are natural nanoparticles rich in ***-21-5p is one of the main contributors to promoting nerve regeneration by the neural crest cell *** helps to explain the mechanism of action of the secretome and e

关键词： axotomy cell-free therapy conditioned medium extracellular vesicles hypoxic preconditioning microRNA oxygen-glucose deprivation peripheral nerve injury Schwann cell precursors

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Repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced complement c1–related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 821-835页

作者： jing wang Bing Zhang Lanfang Li Xiaomei Tang Jinyu Zeng Yige Song chao Xu Kai Zhao Guoqiang Liu Youming Lu Xinyan Li Kai Shu Department of Neurosurgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Neurosurgery Shanxi Bethune HospitalShanxi Academy of Medical SciencesTongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxi ProvinceChina Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Institute for Brain Research Wuhan Center of Brain ScienceHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina Department of Graduate Student Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Basic Medicine School of Medical ScienceHubei University for NationalitiesEnshiHubei ProvinceChina Department of Anatomy School of Basic Medicine and Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus,leading to long-term cognitive ***,the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains *** this study,we established a male mouse model of repetitive traumatic brain injury and performed long-term evaluation of neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus after repetitive traumatic brain *** results showed that repetitive traumatic brain injury inhibited neural stem cell proliferation and development,delayed neuronal maturation,and reduced the complexity of neuronal dendrites and *** with repetitive traumatic brain injuryalso showed deficits in spatial memory ***,following repetitive traumatic brain injury,neuroinflammation was enhanced in the neurogenesis microenvironment where c1q levels were increased,c1q binding protein levels were decreased,and canonical wnt/β-catenin signaling was *** inhibitor of c1 reversed the long-term impairment of neurogenesis induced by repetitive traumatic brain injury and improved neurological *** findings suggest that repetitive traumatic brain injury–induced c1-related inflammation impairs long-term neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and contributes to spatial memory retrieval dysfunction.

关键词： complement c1 dendrite dentate gyrus hippocampus neural stem cell neurogenesis neuroinflammation neurological function neuron traumatic brain injury

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