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Probing the internal structure of baryons

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National Science Review 2021年第11期8卷 54-61页

作者： Guangshun Huang Rinaldo baldini Ferroli BESⅢ Collaboration Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

Electromagnetic form factors are fundamental observables that describe the electric and magnetic structure of hadrons and provide keys to understand the strong interaction. At the Beijing Spectrometer(BESⅢ),form factors have been measured for different baryons in the time-like region for the first time or w.th the best precision. The results are presented w.th examples focused on but not limited to the proton/neutron,the, w.th a strange quark, and the c, w.th a charm quark.

关键词： baryon structure form factor threshold effect abnormal production

Use of programmed cell death protein ligand 1 assay to predict the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer patients treated w.th immune checkpoint inhibitors

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w.rld Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017年第4期8卷 320-328页

作者： Carmelo Tibaldi Alice Lunghi Editta baldini Division of Oncology Department of OncologyS. Luca Hospital

The recent discovery of immune checkpoints inhibitors, especially anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)and anti-programmed cell death protein ligand 1(PD-L1) monoclonal antibodies, has opened new.scenarios in the management of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and this new.class of drugs has achieved a rapid development in the treatment of this disease. How.ver, considering the costs of these drugs and the fact that only a subset of patients experience long-term disease control, the identification of predictive biomarkers for the selection of candidates suitable for treatment has become a priority. The research focused mainly on the expression of the PD-L1 receptor on both tumor cells and/or immune infiltrates determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC). How.ver, different checkpoint inhibitors w.re tested, different IHC assays w.re used, different targets w.re considered(tumor cells, immune infiltrates or both) and different expression thresholds w.re employed in clinical trials. In some trials the assay w.s used prospectively to select the patients, w.ile in other trials it w.s evaluated retrospectively. Some confusion emerges, w.ich makes it difficult to easily compare the literature data and to translate them in practice management. This mini-review.show. the possibilities and pitfalls of the PD-L1 expression to predict the activity and efficacy of anti PD1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of NSCLC.

关键词： Predictive biomarkers Immunotherapy Checkpoint inhibitors Programmed cell death protein ligand 1 Non-small cell lung cancer

Probiotics for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in children

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第3期20卷 673-683页

作者： Lucia Pacifico John Frederick Osborn Enea Bonci Sara Romaggioli Rossella baldini Claudio Chiesa Department of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry Sapienza University of Rome Department of Health Sciences and Infectious Diseases Sapienza University of Rome Department of Experimental Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Department of Human Anatomy Sapienza University of Rome Institute of Translational Pharmacology National Research Council

The combination of a proton pump inhibitor and tw. antibiotics(clarithromycin plus amoxicillin or metronidazole)has been the recommended first-line therapy since the first guidelines for Helicobacter pylori(***)infection in children w.re *** recent years,the success of eradication therapies has declined,in part due to the development of *** resistant *** *** treatments are currently becoming more popular than the traditional eradication *** that may be used either as a monotherapy or,in combination w.th antimicrobials,resulting in a more effective *** therapy have been investigated in depth by several *** of the potential therapies is probiotic cultures;promising results have been observed in initial studies w.th numerous probiotic ***,many questions remain *** this article,w. comprehensively review.the possible mechanisms of action of probiotics on *** infection,and present the results of published studies using probiotics as possible agents to control *** infection in *** effect of the addition of probiotics to the standard *** eradication therapy for the prevention of antibiotic associated side-effects is also discussed.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Children Probiotics Eradication treatment Prevention

Bevacizumab in the pre-operative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer: A systematic review

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6081-6091页

作者： Lorenzo Fornaro Chiara Caparello Caterina Vivaldi Virginia Rotella Gianna Musettini Alfredo Falcone Editta baldini Gianluca Masi Division of Medical Oncology Azienda USL2 Lucca 55100 Lucca Italy Division of Medical Oncology 2 Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana 56126 Pisa Italy

Despite advances in the management of patients w.th locally advanced, non-metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma (LARC), prognosis remains largely unsatisfactory due to a high rate of distant relapse. In fact, currently available neoadjuvant protocols, represented by fluoropyrimidine-based chemo-radiotherapy (CT-RT) or short-course RT, together w.th improved surgical techniques, have largely reduced the risk of local relapse, w.th limited impact on distant recurrence. Available results of phase III trials w.th additional cytotoxic agents combined w.th standard CT-RT are disappointing, as no significant reduction in the risk of recurrence has been demonstrated. In order to improve the control of micrometastatic disease, integrating targeted agents into neoadjuvant treatment protocols thus offers a rational approach. In particular, the antiangiogenic agent bevacizumab has demonstrated synergistic activity w.th both CT and RT in pre-clinical and clinical models, and thus may represent a suitable companion in the neoadjuvant treatment of LARC. Preliminary results of phase I-II clinical studies are promising and suggest potential clinical parameters and molecular predictive biomarkers useful for patient selection: treatment personalization is indeed the key in order to maximize the benefit w.ile reducing the risk of more complex neoadjuvant treatment schedules.

关键词： Bevacizumab Chemotherapy Locally advanced rectal cancer Neoadjuvant treatment Radiotherapy

Silybin counteracts lipid excess and oxidative stress in cultured steatotic hepatic cells

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第26期22卷 6016-6026页

作者： Giulia Vecchione Elena Grasselli Adriana Voci Francesca baldini Ignazio Grattagliano David QH w.ng Piero Portincasa Laura Vergani DISTAV Department of Earth Environment and Life Sciences University of Genova Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saint Louis University School of Medicine

AIM: To investigate in vitro the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of silybin in a cellular model of hepatic ***: Rat hepatoma FaO cells w.re loaded w.th lipids by exposure to 0.75 mmol/L oleate/palmitate for 3 h to mimic liver steatosis. Then, the steatotic cells w.re incubated for 24 h w.th different concentrations (25 to 100 μmol/L) of silybin as phytosome complex w.th vitamin E. The effects of silybin on lipid accumulation and metabolism, and on indices of oxidative stress w.re evaluated by absorption and fluorescence microscopy, quantitative real-time PCR, w.stern blot, spectrophotometric and fluorimetric ***: Lipid-loading resulted in intracellular triglyceride (TG) accumulation inside lipid droplets, w.ose number and size increased. TG accumulation w.s mediated by increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c). The lipid imbalance w.s associated w.th higher production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) resulting in increased lipid peroxidation, stimulation of catalase activity and activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). Incubation of steatotic cells w.th silybin 50 μmol/L significantly reduced TG accumulation likely by promoting lipid catabolism and by inhibiting lipogenic pathw.ys, as suggested by the changes in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), PPAR and SREBP-1c levels. The reduction in fat accumulation exerted by silybin in the steatotic cells w.s associated w.th the improvement of the oxidative imbalance caused by lipid excess as demonstrated by the reduction in ROS content, lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and NF-κB ***: w. demonstrated the direct anti-steatotic and anti-oxidant effects of silybin in steatotic cells, thus elucidating at a cellular level the encouraging results demonstrated in clinical and animal studies.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatotic hepatocytes Silybin Lipid metabolism Oxidative stress Lipid droplets Mitochondrial β -oxidation

Neurological disorders and inflammatory bow.l diseases

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8764-8782页

作者： Giovanni Casella Gian Eugenio Tontini Gabrio Bassotti Luca Pastorelli Vincenzo Villanacci Luisa Spina Vittorio baldini Maurizio Vecchi Medical Department Desio Hospital Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit IRCCS Policlinico San Donato 20097 San Donato Milanese Italy Gastroenterology Section Department of Medicine University of Perugia Medical School Department of Biomedical Sciences for the Health University of Milan Institute of Pathology Spedali Civili 25123 Brescia Italy

Extraintestinal manifestations occur in about one-third of patients living w.th inflammatory bow.l disease(IBD) and may precede the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms by many years. Neurologic disorders associated w.th IBD are not frequent, being reported in 3% of patients, but they often represent an important cause of morbidity and a relevant diagnostic issue. In addition, the increasing use of immunosuppressant and biological therapies for IBD may also play a pivotal role in the development of neurological disorders of different type and pathogenesis. Hence, w. provide a complete and profound review.of the main features of neurological complications associated w.th IBD, w.th particular reference to those related to drugs and w.th a specific focus on their clinical presentation and possible pathophysiological mechanisms.

关键词： Inflammatory bow.l diseases Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis Extraintestinal manifestations Neurological disorders Multiple sclerosis Progressive multifocal encephalopathy Demyelinating neuropathies Cerebrovascular diseases Side effects

Gastric metastasis by lung small cell carcinoma

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第25期12卷 4096-4097页

作者： Giovanni Casella Camillo Di Bella Antonino Roberto Cambareri Carmelo Antonio Buda Gianluigi Corti Filippo Magri Stefano Crippa Vittorio baldini Department of Medicine Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Pathology Department Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Surgery Department Desio Hospital DesioMilanItaly Oncology Department Università di Messina MessinaItaly

Metastatic tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are rare. w. describe a case of gastric metastasis due to primary lung cancer, revealed by an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy （UGIE）. Haematogenous metastases to the stomach are a rare event. To our know.edge, only 55 cases have been described in the international literature. In these patients, the prognosis is very poor. w. report herein a case of gastric metastasis by lung small cell carcinoma, w.th a review.of the literature about this rare entity.

关键词： Gastric metastasis Lung cancer

Is hyperhomocysteinemia relevant in patients w.th celiac disease?

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w.rld Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第24期17卷 2941-2944页

作者： Giovanni Casella Gabrio Bassotti Vincenzo Villanacci Camillo Di Bella Fabio Pagni Gian Luigi Corti Giuseppe Sabatino Mara Piatti Vittorio baldini Division of Internal Medicine Desio General Hospital Gastroenterology and Hepatology Section Department of Clinical and Experimental MedicineOspedale Santa Maria della Misericordia 2nd Pathology Section Spedali Civili Pathology Unit Desio General Hospital Endoscopy Unit Division of SurgeryDesio General Hospital Laboratory Medicine Unit Desio General Hospital

AIM： TO investigate w.ether this might be related to the presence of hyperhomocysteinemia. METHODS： From January 1998 to December 2008, w. evaluated the presence of hyperhomocysteinemia in a series of 165 adult celiac disease （CD） patients （138 females and 27 males, mean age 43 years）.RESULTS： Hyperhomocysteinemia w.s evident in 32 patients （19.3%）, although most of them had moderate levels （mean value 25 mcg/ml; range 15-30）. Only one patient had a history of myocardial infarction （heterozygosis for N5-N10-metil tetrahydrofolate reductase mutation）. CONCLUSION： The systematic assessment of hyperhomocysteinemia seems, at present, unjustified in CD patients.

关键词： Celiac disease Endoscopy Histology Hyperhomocysteinemia

Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Multifunctionalized Substituted Alkynes to Quinolinone Derivatives under Mild Conditions

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第23期41卷 3223-3228页

作者： Aleksandr Voronov Francesco Pancrazzi Ana Maria Constantin Raimondo Maggi Raffaella Mancuso Bartolo Gabriele Diego Olivieri Carla Carfagna Alessandro Casnati Francesco Rispoli Laura baldini Nicola Della Ca Department of Chemistry Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)University of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze17/A43124 Parma (PR)Italy Center for Energy and Environment (CIDEA) University of ParmaParco Area delle Scienze 181/A43124 Parma (PR)Italy Laboratory of Industrial and Synthetic Organic Chemistry (LISOC) Department of Chemistry and Chemical TechnologiesUniversity of CalabriaVia P.Bucci 12/C87036 Arcavacata di RendeCosenza (CS)Italy Department of Biomolecular Sciences University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”Piazza Rinascimento 661029 Urbino (PU)Italy Department of Industrial Chemistry “T.Montanari” University of BolognaViale Risorgimento 440136 Bologna (BO)Italy

A highly selective palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of 2-alkynylanilines bearing an amide moiety to condensed six-membered heterocyclic structures has been developed under mild conditions(room temperature and atmospheric pressure of CO).The carbonylative protocol is also compatible w.th CO surrogates,such as benzene-1,3,5-triyl triformate(TFBen)or the new.y developed calix[6]arenes functionalized w.th six formate groups(CLX[6]CO),w.ich are both capable to release CO in situ.A series of tricyclic fused heterocycles containing the important oxazino-quinolinone scaffold have been selectively obtained(only the 6-endo-dig cyclization mode has been observed)in good to excellent yields(up to 99%).

关键词： Pd-catalysis Carbonylation Alkynes CO surrogates 6-endo-dig Calixarenes C1 building blocks Domino reactions