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A study of the correlation between dengue and weather in Kandy City, Sri Lanka (2003 -2012) and lessons learned

Infectious Diseases of poverty 2015年第1期4卷 345-358,344页

作者： n D B Ehelepola Kusalika Ariyaratne W M N P Buddhadasa Sunil Ratnayake malani wickramasinghe The Teaching(General)Hospital-Kandy KandySri Lanka Faculty of Engineering University of RuhunaHapugalaSri Lanka

Background:weather variables affect dengue transmission.This study aimed to identify a dengue weather correlation pattern in Kandy,Sri Lanka,compare the results with results of similar studies,and establish ways for better control and prevention of dengue.method:we collected data on reported dengue cases in Kandy and mid-year population data from 2003 to 2012,and calculated weekly incidences.we obtained daily weather data from two weather stations and converted it into weekly data.we studied correlation patterns between dengue incidence and weather variables using the wavelet time series analysis,and then calculated cross-correlation coefficients to find magnitudes of correlations.Results:we found a positive correlation between dengue incidence and rainfall in millimeters,the number of rainy and wet days,the minimum temperature,and the night and daytime,as well as average,humidity,mostly with a five-to seven-week lag.Additionally,we found correlations between dengue incidence and maximum and average temperatures,hours of sunshine,and wind,with longer lag periods.Dengue incidences showed a negative correlation with wind run.Conclusion:Our results showed that rainfall,temperature,humidity,hours of sunshine,and wind are correlated with local dengue incidence.we have suggested ways to improve dengue management routines and to control it in these times of global warming.we also noticed that the results of dengue weather correlation studies can vary depending on the data analysis.

关键词： Dengue weather Aedes wavelet analyses Time series neglected diseases Climate change Sri Lanka Disease vectors

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考虑地下水入侵导致土壤强度变化的沿海建筑地基韧性模型

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岩土力学 2023年第1期44卷 67-74页

作者：王草 AYYUB B.m KUmARI w.G.p 伍伦贡大学土木、采矿与环境学院澳大利亚伍伦贡马里兰大学土木与环境工程学院美国马里兰

海平面上升导致的地下水入侵沿海地区的建筑地基造成显著风险。提出了一个考虑地下水侵入导致土壤强度退化的沿海建筑地基韧性模型。该模型由地基的性能函数在服役期内的积分得到。考虑条形基础的韧性,其极限承载力由Terzaghi公式描述... 详细信息

海平面上升导致的地下水入侵沿海地区的建筑地基造成显著风险。提出了一个考虑地下水侵入导致土壤强度退化的沿海建筑地基韧性模型。该模型由地基的性能函数在服役期内的积分得到。考虑条形基础的韧性,其极限承载力由Terzaghi公式描述。韧性模型考虑气候变化背景下地下水位的上升对土壤强度的影响。通过一个算例,展示了所提出的韧性模型的适用性。结果表明,如果不考虑气候变化影响下地下水位的上升,则会得到不保守的结构韧性评估结果。结构全寿命周期内的韧性也取决于所采用的维护措施(即,修复受损的结构性能)。未来的研究中,还应考虑其他因素(如锈蚀)对沿海建筑地基性能退化的联合影响。

关键词：韧性模型沿海建筑地基土壤强度变化地下水入侵气候变化

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Efficiency enhancement of building multi-layer solar collector with SiO2–TiO2 hybrid nanofluids

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Building Simulation 2023年第10期16卷 1851-1862页

作者： n.n.m.Zawawi w.H.Azmi Z.A.A.majid R.A.Rahim H.m.Ali Lebuhraya Tun Razak Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes26300GambangKuantanPahangMalaysia Faculty of mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangPekanPahang26600Malaysia Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences International Islamic University of MalaysiaBandar Indera Mahkota25200KuantanPahangMalaysia ECE Department Kulliyyah of EngineeringInternational Islamic University MalaysiaJalan GombakKuala LumpurMalaysia mechanical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Renewable Energy and power Systems(IRC-REpS) King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia

Due to the depletion of conventional energy sources and its limitless resources,solar energy is currently being considered as a viable alternative,especially for water heating systems.The thermal performance of multilayer solar collectors for water heating systems can be improved further by introducing hybrid nanofluids as advanced fluids.This study demonstrates the utilisation of hybrid nanofluids in heating systems by employing a multilayer absorber solar collector.The SiO2–TiO2 hybrid nanofluids at volume concentrations up to 2.0%were tested at various flow rates(1.7 to 3.7 Lpm)and solar radiation intensities(250 to 1000 w/m2).The thermal performance of the solar collector was assessed by measuring the temperature variation,heat loss,and overall efficiency of the collector.At the optimal volume concentration,the temperature difference for solar collectors employing SiO2–TiO2 hybrid nanofluids increased significantly.The optimal volume concentration of 1.5%yields a maximum temperature difference of 9.5°C.In addition,the efficiency and fluid temperature of the solar collector containing hybrid nanofluids have been enhanced by 22%and 37%,respectively.The SiO2–TiO2 hybrid nanofluids with the optimal volume concentration of 1.5%were therefore recommended for maximum efficiency in the solar collector.

关键词： solar collector hybrid nanofluids solar water heating system solar simulator thermal efficiency

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Effect of Algae on melon(Cucumis melo subsp.agrestis var.conomon)Growth and Development under Drought-Stress Conditions

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phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 3177-3193页

作者： m.Zeki KARİpÇİn BehcetİnAL Department of Horticulture Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Türkiye Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Siirt UniversitySiirt56100Türkiye

Due to climate change,it is necessary to develop plant varieties that are resilient to climate conditions and resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses.The use of microalgae,which are microorganisms that contain carbohydrates,proteins,lipids,and vitamins,against drought tolerance is a new approach.The aim of the current study was to determine the drought-related mechanisms in the conomon melon genotype and develop drought-tolerant melon cultivars.morphological,physiological,pomological,and molecular analyses were carried out on the algae-treated genotypes.It has been determined that commercial algae application provides the best results in leaf temperature,leaf relative water contents(LRwC),plant height,fruit length,fruit diameter,and yield,while Cag Cag(a special river in the region)stream algae application gives better results in main stem diameter.It was determined that the number of nodes in the control(without algae)plots was higher than in the other two treatments.Yield and LRwC and plant height values of genotype 7 were the best values among other genotypes.The leaf temperature measurement was lower on genotype 9 than on the other genotypes.while the highest fruit length value was measured in genotype 1,genotype 8 was superior in the main stem diameter,fruit diameter,and the number of nodes among the remaining plant materials.In terms of yield,it was determined that the interaction between genotype 2 and the commercial algae resulted in the best outcomes.In addition,the results of the genetic evaluation revealed that the materials used were not genetically distant from each other and more detailed genetic evaluations are needed.The molecular kinship analysis revealed that the genotypes used in the study were divided into three distinct groups,with individuals within each group exhibiting a high degree of relatedness to one another.As a result of the study,it was found that the application of microalgae had significant effects on improving the drought tolerance of Cucumis melo subsp.agrestis var.conomon geno

关键词： Drought algae molecular taxonomy Cucumis melo subsp.agrestis var.conomon

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Application of particle splitting method for both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic cases in SpH

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2018年第4期34卷 601-613页

作者： w.T.Liu p.n.Sun F.R.ming A.m.Zhang College of Shipbuilding Engineering Harbin Engineering University

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SpH） method with numerical diffusive terms shows satisfactory stability and accuracy in some violent fluid–solid interaction problems. However, in most simulations, uniform particle distributions are used and the multi-resolution, which can obviously improve the local accuracy and the overall computational efficiency, has seldom been applied. In this paper, a dynamic particle splitting method is applied and it allows for the simulation of both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic problems. The splitting algorithm is that, when a coarse（mother） particle enters the splitting region, it will be split into four daughter particles, which inherit the physical parameters of the mother particle. In the particle splitting process,conservations of mass, momentum and energy are ensured. Based on the error analysis, the splitting technique is designed to allow the optimal accuracy at the interface between the coarse and refined particles and this is particularly important in the simulation of hydrostatic cases. Finally, the scheme is validated by five basic cases, which demonstrate that the present SpH model with a particle splitting technique is of high accuracy and efficiency and is capable for the simulation of a wide range of hydrodynamic problems.Smoothed particle hydrodynamics（SpH）method with numerical diffusive terms shows satisfactory stability and accuracy in some violent fluid–solid interaction problems.However,in most simulations,uniform particle distributions are used and the multi-resolution,which can obviously improve the local accuracy and the overall computational efficiency,has seldom been applied.In this paper,a dynamic particle splitting method is applied and it allows for the simulation of both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic problems.The splitting algorithm is that,when a coarse（mother）particle enters the splitting region,it will be split into four daughter particles,which inherit the physical parameters of the mother particle.In the particle splitting process,conservations of mass,m

关键词： Smoothed particle hydrodynamics particle splitting particle refinement Solid wall boundary Fluid–structure interaction

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patterns of sperm use by twice-mated female Queensland fruit flies

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Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1159-1169页

作者： Jason Shadmany Siu F.Lee Thu n.m.nguyen phillip w.Taylor Applied BioSciences Macquarie UniversityNorth RydeNSWAustralia CSIRO Land and water Black MountainACTAustralia School of BioSciences University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia

multiple mating by females,polyandry,is common in insects,including in tephritid fruit flies.Female insects that remate commonly store sperm of multiple males.How the sperm of different males contribute to paternity is an important element of sexual selection.Sexual behavior and reproduction of the Queensland fruit fly(Qfly),Bactrocera tryoni,has been extensively investigated both in relation to understanding this economically important species’reproductive biology and in relation to implications for Sterile Insect Technique(SIT),whereby sterile flies are released to constrain reproduction of pest populations.Despite numerous studies of pre-and postcopulatory sexual selection in Qfly,there have been no direct studies of paternity patterns in polyandrous female Qflies.we used two morphologically distinguishable lines to investigate patterns of sperm use in Qfly.The two lines showed comparable mating performance evidenced by similar mating and remating frequency,copula duration,and proportion of second mate paternity(p2)between reciprocal crosses.The mechanism of sperm usage,with p2 close to 0.5 immediately after the second mating followed by gradual decrease of p2 as females aged,is most consistent with stratification or repositioning of sperm.patterns observed in the present study are compared with the available information from other tephritid fruit flies,and are discussed in relation to this species’reproductive biology,known patterns of sperm storage,and SIT.

关键词： muliple mating polyandry sperm competition sperm pecedence Tephritidac

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3D printing of patient-specific 316L–stainless–steel medical implants using fused filament fabrication technology: two veterinary case studies

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Bio-Design and manufacturing 2022年第4期5卷 808-815页

作者： J.m.Chacón p.J.núñez m.A.Caminero E.García-plaza J.Vallejo m.Blanco Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Industrial Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaAvdaCamilo JoséCela213071 Ciudad RealSpain protresde Ingeniería y Soluciones C/Solana 60nave 313005 Ciudad RealSpain

Biomedical fracture fixation implants have complex sculptured geometries to adapt perfectly to fractured bones,making them difficult and expensive to manufacture with conventional machining methods. Fused filament fabrication(FFF) is a very popular Additive manufacturing technology that simplifies the manufacture of parts with complex geometries, making it ideal for the manufacture of customized medical implants.

关键词： steel fracture fused

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Investigation of pb(Ⅱ)bioremediation potential of algae and cyanobacteria strains isolated from polluted water

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water Science and Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 237-246页

作者： w.G.madusha Lakmali A.D.Sarangi n.p.Athukorala Keerthi B.Jayasundera Department of Botany Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka postgraduate Institute of Science University of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of RuhunaMatara 81000Sri Lanka

Algae and cyanobacteria are known to be able to remove a variety of pollutants from water,including toxic metal ions.In this study,algal and cyanobacterial species growing in two polluted water bodies were identified,and the pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of these isolated species was investigated.Based on microscopic observations,27 species were identified,and nine species were isolated as pure cultures.pb(Ⅱ)bioremediation of five selected species(Anacystis sp.,Chlorella sp.1,monoraphidium sp.,phormidium sp.,and Uronema sp.)was studied in detail.The mean pb(Ⅱ)removal abilities varied among these five species:phormidium sp.>monoraphidium sp.>Uronema sp.>Chlorella sp.1>Anacystis sp.The pb(Ⅱ)tolerance of each species was determined based on the live cell percentage and biofilm formation capacity.within a period of 3 d,phormidium sp.,monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema sp.showed nearly 90%of survival,and all five species demonstrated biofilm formation capacities exceeding 50%.Furthermore,the pb(Ⅱ)removal ability of the five species exhibited a strong positive correlation with the live cell percentage and showed a strong negative correlation with the biofilm formation capacity.In conclusion,phormidium sp.,monoraphidium sp.,and Uronema sp.exhibited high tolerances towards pb(Ⅱ)and presented high removal abilities.Thus,these species can be identified as potential sorbents for development of suitable adsorption systems to remove pb(Ⅱ)from aqueous solutions.

关键词： Algae Toxic metals Isolation Bio-removal Biofilm formation

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Cadmium sorption by sodium and thiourea-modified zeolite-rich tuffs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第2期29卷 39-48页

作者： perfecto Barragán p m.Guadalupe macedo m maria T.Olguín Instituto Tecnologico de Toluca Laboratorio de Investigacion en Ingenieria Ambiental.Av.Tecnologico S/NColonia Ex-Rancho La VirgenMetepecEstado de Meico CP.52140Mexico Instituto national de Investigaciones nucleares Departamento de QuimicaA.P.18-1027Col.EseandonDelegacion Miguel Hidalgo C.P.11801Mexico

In the present investigation, two zeolite-rich tuffs from Guaymas and El Cajon（State of Sonora）, which were conditioned with a sodium chloride solution and subsequently modified with a thiourea solution, were chosen to evaluate the removal of Cd from aqueous systems. The zeolitic materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface area was also determined. The experiments were performed in a batch system, and the influences of p H, contact time between phases, and the concentration of Cd in the solution on the adsorption by sodium or thiourea-modified zeolite-rich tuff were investigated. It was found that the efficiency of Cd ion removal from aqueous solutions is influenced by the p H of the aqueous systems. The Cd adsorption kinetic data were well fitted to a pseudo-second-order model in all cases. The Langmuir and Langmuir–Freundlich isotherms adequately described the Cd sorption behavior by the zeolite from El Cajon pretreated with na Cl and the zeolite from Guaymas modified with thiourea, respectively.

关键词： Cadmium Zeolite-rich-tuff Sorption Kinetics Isotherms

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Formation potential and analysis of 32 regulated and unregulated disinfection by-products: Two new simplified methods

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第7期34卷 209-221页

作者： Jillian n.murakami Xu Zhang Joanne Ye Amy m.macDonald Jorge perez David w.Kinniburgh Susana Y.Kimura Department of Chemistry University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 1N4Canada Alberta Centre for Toxicology University of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaT2N 4N1Canada

water disinfection is an essential process that provides safe water by inactivating pathogens that cause waterborne diseases. However, disinfectants react with organic matter naturally present in water, leading to the formation of disinfection by-products(DBps). multi-analyte methods based on mass spectrometry(mS) are preferred to quantify multiple DBp classes at once however, most require extensive sample pre-treatment and significant resources. In this study, two analytical methods were developed for the quantification of 32 regulated and unregulated DBps. A purge and trap(p&T) coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-mS) method was optimized that automated sample pre-treatment and analyzed volatile and semi-volatile compounds, including trihalomethanes(THms), iodinated trihalomethanes(I-THms), haloacetonitriles(HAns), haloketones(HKTs) and halonitromethanes(Hnms). LOQs were between 0.02-0.4 μg/L for most DBps except for 8 analytes that were in the low μg/L range. A second method with liquid chromatography(LC) tandem mass spectrometry(mS/mS) was developed for the quantification of 10 haloacetic acids(HAAs) with a simple clean-up and direct injection. The LC-mS/mS direct injection method has the lowest detection limits reported(0.2-0.5 μg/L). Both methods have a simple sample pre-treatment, which make it possible for routine analysis. Hyperchlorination and uniform formation conditions(UFC) formation potential tests with chlorine were evaluated with water samples containing high and low TOC. Hyperchlorination formation potential test maximized THms and HAAs while UFC maximized HAns. Ascorbic acid was found to be an appropriate quencher for both analytical methods. Disinfected drinking water from four water utilities in Alberta, Canada were also evaluated.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts purge and trap LC-mS/mS Drinking water DBp formation potential HAAs HAns

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