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Late Triassic sauropodomorph and Middle Jurassic theropod tracks from the Xichang Basin,Sichuan Province,southwestern China:First report of the ichnogenus Carmelopodus

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Li-Da Xing Jin Ba Martin G.Lockley Hendrik Klein 5heng-Wu Yon Anthony Romilio Chun-Yong Chou vtl.scott persons iv State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Sichuan Institute of Geological Survey Chengdu 610081Sichuan ProvinceChina Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of Colorado DenverPO Box 173364DenverCO 80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum AlteRicht 7D-92318NeumarktGermany School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta116St &85AveEdmonton AB T6G 2R3Alberta Canada

Upper Triassic and Middle Jurassic strata of the Xichang Basin in Sichuan Province, southwestern China, yielded important dinosaur ichnofossils. From the Xujiahe Formation of the Yiguojiao tracksite, we report a Late Triassic footprint assemblage in China and the first discovery of diagnostic Triassic sauropodomorph tracks in this region. The tracks share a number of features in common with the ichnogenera Eosauropus(Late Triassic) and Liujianpus(Early Jurassic). The neighboring Bingtu tracksite is stratigraphically younger(Shaximiao Formation, Middle Jurassic) and preserves small tridactyl theropod tracks that represent the first occurrence of the ichnotaxon Carmelopodus in China and Asia. While these tracks are morphologically comparable to those from the Middle Jurassic type locality in North America, the specimens from China show the proximal margin of the digit iv impression in a more cranial position, which may indicate a trackmaker with a relatively short metatarsal iv. In addition to the skeletal record, the Carmelopodus footprints document the presence of small theropods in the dinosaur fauna of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation.

关键词： Sauropodomorph Theropod Footprint Ichnofossil Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation Xichang Basin Sichuan Province

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Dragon Tails:Convergent Caudal Morphology in Winged Archosaurs

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2012年第6期86卷 1402-1412页

作者： W.scott persons iv Philip J.CURRIE Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta Department of Biological Sciences CW 405 Biological Sciences Bldg.University of Alberta

In the tails of dromaeosaurid dinosaurs and rhamphorhynchid pterosaurs, elongate osteological rods extend anteriorly from the chevrons and the prezygapophyses. These caudal rods are positioned in parallel and are stacked dorsoventrally. The fully articulated and three-dimensionally preserved caudal series of some dromaeosaurid specimens show that individually these caudal rods were flexible, not rigid as previously thought. However, examination of the arrangement of the caudal rods in cross-section indicates that the combined effect of multiple caudal rods did provide substantial rigidity in the dorsoventral, but not in the lateral, plane. The results of digital muscle reconstructions confirm that dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids also shared greatly reduced caudofemoral muscles in the anterior tail region. The striking similarities between the tails of dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids suggest that both evolved under similar behavioral and biomechanical pressures. Combined with recent discoveries of primitive deinonychosaurs that phylogenetically bracket the evolution of dromaeosaurid caudal rods between two arboreal gliding/flying forms, these results are evidence that the unique caudal morphologies of dromaeosaurids and rhamphorhynchids were both adaptations for an aerial lifestyle.

关键词： caudal musculature convergent evolution dinosaurs dromaeosaurids functionalmorphology pterosaurs rhamphorhynchids

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Corrigendum to“The new ichnotaxon Eubrontes nobitai *** other saurischian tracks from the Lower Cretaceous of Sichuan Province and a review of Chinese Eubrontes-type tracks”[Journal of Palaeogeography(10)(2021)17]

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 372-372页

作者： Li-Da Xing Martin G. Lockley Hendrik Klein Li-Jun Zhang Anthony Romilio W. scott persons iv Guang-Zhao Peng Yong Ye Miao-Yan Wang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of Colorado Denver Denver 80217 USA Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7 92318 Neumarkt Germany Institute of Resources and Environment Key Laboratory of Biogenic Traces and Sedimentary Minerals of Henan Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas for Central Plains Economic Region Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454003 Henan Province China School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland 4072 Australia Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences College of Charleston Charleston 29401 USA Zigong Dinosaur Museum Zigong 643013 Sichuan Province China

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Largest dinosaur tracksite in China (Cretaceous, Zhaojue area, Sichuan Province): On the verge of destruction

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第5期12卷 124-137页

作者： Lida Xing Martin G.Lockley Hendrik Klein W.scott persons iv Guangzhao Peng Yong Ye Miaoyan Wang State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7D-92318 NeumarktGermany Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA Zigong Dinosaur Museum ZigongSichuan ProvinceChina

The Zhaojue(ZJ)tracksites represent multiple steeply-inclined,track-bearing exposures in the clastic Feitianshan Formation of Sichuan Province that have been sequentially,excavated,mapped,expanded and destroyed,by quarrying,erosion or collapse,for almost three *** quarried area extends for more almost 1.0 km from north to south and-0.5 km from east to *** important track-bearing surfaces have been identified and identified as ZJ-Ⅰ,ZJ-Ⅱ,ZJ-ⅡN and ZJ-Ⅲ,some of which are newly exposed surfaces or expanded surfaces that were previously partially *** represent surfaces lost since they were first reported in papers published in *** ZJ-Ⅱ site represents a hugely expanded continuation of a much smaller track-bearing surface described in *** was mapped using drone technology,and now represents the largest tracksite in China,with a minimum count of 933 recognizable tracks,and the longest recorded sauropod and ornithopod trackways from China(-80 m and-52 m respectively),which also reveal a pronounced change in the direction of trackmaker *** ZJ-Ⅱ surface represents the best Zhaojue paleo-census sample giving a count of 68 individuals from 61 trackways(37 ornithopod,10 theropod,14 sauropod)and isolated tracks(representing 7 individuals).Thus,ornithopods(both large and small trackmakers)represent-54%of the total number of *** smaller ZJ-Ⅲ surface was mapped using traditional methods,and reveals at least 6 ornithopod-and 4 theropod *** the ZJ-Ⅱ and ZJ-Ⅲ surfaces reveal parallel ornithopod trackways suggestive of social or gregarious *** combined data from all four Zhaojue surfaces reveal a total of 1928 tracks,and include a few previously reported pterosaurs and theropod swim *** Zhaojue quarry complex provide a good example of multiple track-bearing sites(surfaces)that require long term study and monitoring to extract as much trackway data as possible before in situ physical evidence is lost.

关键词： Feitianshan Formation Onithopod Teropod Suropod

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Cretaceous dinosaur and crocodylomorph egg records of the Sanshui Basin,Guangdong Province,southern China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 401-418页

作者： Li-Da Xing Zi-Sheng Guo Rui Wu Chun-Lei Du Dong-Haowang W.scott persons iv State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Grandview Museum of Natural Science Guangzhou 510630Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)Wuhan 430074Hubei ProvinceChina Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharlestonSC 29401USA

This paper describes newly discovered dinosaur and crocodylomorph egg fragments from the Upper Cretaceous Sanshui and Dalangshan formations of the Sanshui Basin of Guangdong Province,southern *** the absence of macroscopic information,the eggshell specimens can be identified to the oofamilies Prismatoolithidae,Elongatoolithidae and Krokolithidae,and it is hypothesized that these three families of eggs correspond to troodontids,oviraptorids and crocodiloids,*** with egg fossils from Nanxiong Basin,Heyuan Basin and Ganzhou Basin highlights the similarity between these egg assemblages and those from Nanxiong *** egg fossils found in the Sanshui and the Dalangshan for-mations enrich the known faunal types in the research area and facilitate further studies on the diversity of Late Cretaceous vertebrate assemblages in the Sanshui Basin.

关键词： Prismatoolithidae Elongatoolithidae Krokolithidae Sanshui Formation Dalangshan Formation Upper Cretaceous

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Unusual dinosaur trackway preservation as clues to paleo-landscape and behavior from the Lower Cretaceous Luohe Formation,Shaanxi Province,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 737-745页

作者： Lida Xing Martin G.Lockley Yongzhong Tang Hendrik Klein W.scott persons iv Miaoyan Wang Xingwen Li Hao Wu State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijingChina School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijingChina Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of Colorado DenverPO Box 173364DenverCO 80217USA Shaanxi Institute of Geological Survey Xi'an 710054ShaanxiChina Saurierwelt Paläontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7D–92318 NeumarktGermany Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA

Poorly preserved tracks have limited ichnotaxonomic or biotaxon utility,but may reveal useful information about the paleoenvironment,behavior and track *** mostly parallel to sub parallel trackway segments(T1–T8)were registered on a truncation surface in the Lower Cretaceous Luohe Formation of Shaanxi *** attest to the passage of several bipeds,probably all theropods,in a paleo-contour-parallel,south-north direction in an arid *** of preservation in these trackways is poor,but notably superior in two additional trackways(T9–T10)on a foreset *** T9 indicates a didactyl trackmaker,probably a deinonychosaurian,heading north to *** is the 13th report of deinonychosaurian tracks from the Lower Cretaceous of *** any or all the eight south-north oriented trackway segments represent continuations of other segments in the same trackways,the total number of individual trackmakers heading in this direction may have been as lowas *** the trackway pattern and sedimentological evidence could indicate a physically controlled pathway influencing the direction taken by these trackmakers,the possibility that the trackways also represented small social or gregarious group cannot be ruled out.

关键词： Theropod tracks Ornithischian tracks Deinonychosaurian Dunes sediments

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A probable tyrannosaurid track from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China

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Science Bulletin 2019年第16期64卷 1136-1139页

作者： Lida Xing Kecheng Niu Martin G.Lockley Hendrik Klein Anthony Romilio W.scott persons iv Stephen L.Brusatte State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Yingliang Stone Nature History Museum Nan’an 362300China Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of ColoradoDenver 80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum Neumarkt D-92318Germany School of Biological Sciences the University of QueenslandQueensland 4072Australia Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharleston 29401USA School of GeoSciences Grant InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH9 3FEUK

A large number of Upper Cretaceous(Maastrichtian)dinosaur skeletal fossils have been found in the Nanxiong Basin and adjacent Ganzhou area,including those of theropods,sauropods and ***,known dinosaur ichnoassemblages from the Nanxiong Basin partly indicate a different fauna,with dominating large-and medium-sized ornithopods,theropods,and pterosaurs(1,2)This is one of many known examples where trace and body fossil assemblages from the same formation or geologically discrete region show a different *** and paleobiogeographical analyses therefore should consider data from both,before any conclusions can be *** can be classified according to the relative degree of similarity or congruity(or difference/incongruity)between trace and body fossils into the 5 categories proposed by Lockley[3].

关键词： tyrannosaurid track Upper Cretaceous southern China

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New Early Cretaceous Pterosaur-Bird Track Assemblage from Xinjiang, China:Palaeoethology and Palaeoenvironment

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2013年第6期87卷 1477-1485页

作者： HE Qing XING Lida ZHANG Jianping Martin G.LOCKLEY Hendrik KLEIN W.scott persons iv QI Liqi JIA Chengkai School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Dinosaur Tracks Research Group University of Colorado at DenverPO Box 173364 Denver CO 8217 USA Saurierwelt Palontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7 D-92318 Neumarkt Germany Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta 11455 Saskatchewan DriveEdmonton Alberta T6G 2E9 Canada Research Institute of Experiment and Detection Xinjiang Oilfield Company

A pterosaur-bird track assemblage from a sandstone-siltstone-mudstone sequence of the Lower Cretaceous Tugulu Group of Xinjiang comprises the first pterosaur track record from this province and the largest specimen thus far known from *** pterosaur tracks are assigned to the ichnogenus Pteraichnus based on the triangular overall-shape,the four elongate digit traces and the robust manual digit trace Ⅲ.Supposed trackmakers were dsungaripterid pterodactyloids whose skeletal remains are well known from the Tugulu *** bird tracks that occur on the same surface,are those of typical shorebirds,known from different other localities in southeast *** congruence with Koreanaornis dodsoni described from the same stratigraphic level justifies an assignment to this *** is a further evidence of the co-occurrence of pterosaurs and birds in a typical iakeshore environment with possible seasonal alteration of water supply and aerial exposure indicated by wave ripples,mudcracks and repeated cycles of coarse to fine *** and birds frequented the shoreline and may have fed also on the numerous invertebrates such as the Scoyenia tracemaker that left abundant burrows.

关键词： Pteraichnus Koreanaornis Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group Xinjiang

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The Middle-Upper Jurassic dinosaur-pterosaur fauna in Shandong Province,China:Evidence from ichnology

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2023年第3期12卷 419-433页

作者： Li-Da Xing Martin G.Lockley Bo-Lin Tong Hendrik Klein Chang Liu W.scott persons iv State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China School of the Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing100083China Dinosaur Trackers Research Group University of Colorado DenverPO Box 173364DenverCO80217USA Saurierwelt Palaontologisches Museum Alte Richt 7D-92318NeumarktGermany Mace Brown Museum of Natural History Department of Geology and Environmental GeosciencesCollege of CharlestonCharlestonSCUSA

Tracks previously examined between 2002 and 2015 from an incompletely-studied,and now partially lost tracksite site in the Santai Formation of Shandong Province were restudied based on new ex-cavations of additional *** contrast to the previous reports of tridactyl tracks,including Grallator,the present study discovered an additional assemblage of unequivocal pterosaur tracks(Pteraichnus)and a possible didactyl deinonychosaurian *** age of the Santai Formation is controversial but it is probably Late Jurassic,which corresponds to the epoch when pterosaur tracks appear *** interpretations,based on palynology and isotopic data,tentatively suggests an earlier Middle-Late Jurassic age and might suggest that the pterosaurian tracks are as old or somewhat older than any previously reported.

关键词： Santai Formation Theropod Deinonychosaur Pterosaur

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Lower Cretaceous sauropod trackways from Lishui City and an overview of dinosaur dominated track assemblages from Zhejiang Province, China

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2018年第4期7卷 326-336页

作者： Li-Da Xing Chun-Yong Chou Martin G.Lockley Anthony Romilio Hendrik Klein Nan Li W. scott persons iv state key laboratory of biogeology and environmental geology china university of geosciencesBeijing 100083China school of the earth sciences and resources china university of geosciencesBeijing 100083China state key laboratory of palaeobiology and stratigraphy nanjing institute of geology and palaeontologychinese academy of sciencesnanjing 210008China dinosaur tracks museum university of colorado denverpo box 173364denverco 80217usa school of biological sciences the university of queenslandbrisbaneqld 4072australia saunerwelt palaontologisches museum alte richt 7d-92318 neumarktgermany department of biological sciences university of alberta11455 saskatchewan driveedmontonab t6g 2e9canada

A relatively small number of tetrapod tracksites from Zhejiang Province fills out the fossil record from that region,which is also known to have yielded both saurischian（titanosauriform, coelurosaur） and ornithischian（basal ornithopod, ankylosaurian） body fossils as well as dinosaurian eggs. We use photogrammetry and 3 D imaging to reinterpret the sauropod tracks from Lishui City, which revealed the existence of trackways. The track record from three documented sites in Zhejiang Province includes avian and non-avian theropod, sauropod, ornithopod and pterosaur tracks. Previous work showed that the purported new bird ichnospecies Dongyangornipes sinensis is a synonym of Uhangrichnus chuni, while we here consider Pteraichnus dongyangensis as a nomen dubium. Such ＂provincial ichnotaxonomy＂ may mask similarities in the ichnofauna across large regions. In fact, we show that the ichnofauna is similar to that found in the Early Cretaceous elsewhere in China.

关键词： Sauropod tracks Theropod tracks Bird tracks Pterosaur tracks Lishui Basin Zhejiang Province

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