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Biomimetic Sensor.:Active Electr.location of Weakly Electr.c Fish as a Model for.Active Sensing in Technical Systems

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Jour.al of Bionic Engineer.ng 2007年第2期4卷 85-90页

作者： Ger.ar. von der.Emde Zoological Institute University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

Instead of vision, many noctur.al animals use alter.ative senses for.navigation and object detection in their.dar. envir.nment. For.this pur.ose, weakly electr.c mor.yr.d fish employ active electr.location, dur.ng which they dischar.e a specialized electr.c or.an in their.tail which dischar.es electr.cal pulses. Each dischar.e builds up an electr.cal field ar.und the fish, which is sensed by cutaneous electr.r.ceptor.or.ans that ar. distr.buted over.most of the body sur.ace of the fish. Near.y objects distor. this electr.cal field and cause a local alter.tion in cur.ent flow in those electr.r.ceptor. that ar. closest to the object. By constandy monitor.ng r.sponses of its electr.r.ceptor.or.ans, a fish can detect, localize, and identify envir.nmental objects. Inspir.d by the r.mar.able capabilities of weakly electr.c fish in detecting and r.cognizing objects, we designed technical sensor.systems that can solve similar.pr.blems of r.mote object sensing. We applied the pr.nciples of active electr.location to technical systems by building devices that pr.duce electr.cal cur.ent pulses in a conducting medium （water.or.ionized gases） and simultaneously sense local cur.ent density. Depending on the specific task a sensor.was designed for.devices could （i） detect an object, （ii） localize it in space, （iii） deter.ine its distance, and （iv） measur. pr.per.ies such as mater.al pr.per.ies, thickness, or.mater.al faults. Our.systems pr.ved to be r.latively insensitive to envir.nmental distur.ances such as heat, pr.ssur., or.tur.idity. They have a wide r.nge of applications including mater.al identification, quality contr.l, non-contact distance measur.ments, medical applications and many mor.. Despite their.astonishing capacities, our.sensor. still lag far.behind what electr.c fish ar. able to achieve dur.ng active electr.location. The under.tanding of the neur.l pr.nciples gover.ing electr.c fish sensor. physiology and the cor.esponding optimization of our.sensor. to solve

关键词： biomimetic weakly electr.c fish sensor. system electr.location sensor

Safety and efficacy of Pr.fer.in~to induce r.mission in ulcer.tive colitis

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Wor.d Jour.al of Gastr.enter.logy 2012年第15期18卷 1773-1780页

作者： Aleksander.kr.g Hans Isr.elsen Bjr. von r.ber. klaus k Ander.en Flemming Bendtsen Gastr.unit Medical Devision 360Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre Faculty of Health Sciences Copenhagen UniversityDK-2650 HvidovreDenmark Nor.isk r.balance A/S M.D.Madsensvej 14-16DK-3450 AllerdDenmark Statistics Section Informatics and Mathematical ModellingTechnical University of DenmarkDK-2800 LyngbyDenmark

AIM:To test the efficacy and safety of Pr.fer.in in inducing r.mission in patients with active ulcer.tive colitis(UC).METHODS:The study included 39 patients with mild to moder.te UC defined as a Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index(SCCAI)>4 andr. tr.ated open-label with Pr.fer.intwice daily for.24 *** SCCAI was r.por.ed obser.er.blinded via the ***:In an intention to tr.at(ITT)analysis,the mean r.duction in SCCAI scor. was 56.5%.Of the 39 patients,24(62%)r.ached the pr.mar. endpoint,which was pr.por.ion of patients with≥50%r.duction in *** secondar. endpoint,the pr.por.ion of patients in r.mission defined as SCCAI≤2.5,was in ITT analysis r.ached in 18 of the 39 patients(46%).In a r.peated-measur. r.gr.ssion analysis,the estimated mean r.duction in scor. was 5.0 points(95%CI:4.1-5.9,Pken to obtain half the r.duction in scor. was 28 d(95%CI:26-30).Ther. wer. no ser.ous adver.e events(AEs)or.withdr.wals due to *** was gener.lly well ***:Pr.fer.in is safe and may be effective in inducing r.mission of active UC.

关键词： Ulcer.tive colitis Diet Pr.biotic Pr.fer.in Inflammator. bowel disease Dietar. management Medical foods

Investigation of envir.nmental and land use impacts in for.sted per.afr.st headwater. of the Selenga-Baikal r.ver.system,Mongolia-Effects on dischar.e,water.quality and macr.inver.ebr.te diver.ity

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Inter.ational Soil and Water.Conser.ation r.sear.h 2021年第4期9卷 605-619页

作者： Mar.in Pfeiffer.Geor. küstner.Er.enetsetseg Er.enesukh Wolf von Tümpling Jür.en Hofmann Depar.ment of Biogeogr.phy University of BayreuthUniversitätsstraße 3095447 BayreuthGermany Depar.ment of Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management(ASAM) Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZBrückstraße 3a39114 MagdeburgGermany Depar.ment of Ecology National University of MongoliaBaga toiruu 47Ulaanbaatar 210646Mongolia Depar.ment of Animal Ecology and Tr.pical Biology BiocenterJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074 WürzburgGermany National Dong Hwa Univer.ity No.1Sec.2Da Hsueh Rd.ShoufengHualien 97401Taiwan Centr.l Labor.tor. for.Water.Analytics&Chemometr.cs Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZBrückstrasse 3a39114 MagdeburgGermany Bür. für.Integr.er.en Gewässer.chutz-BiG Werner-Voß-Damm 54 b12101 BerlinGermany

Headwater.str.ams play a major.r.le for.pr.vision of ecosystem ser.ices,*** *** investigated a high-altitude headwater.catchment of the khar.a r.ver.including 411st-or.er.r.ver.)to under.tand the impact of land cover.especially for.st cover.,envir.nment and human usage on r.noff,chemical water.quality and macr.inver.ebr.te fauna in a r.ver.basin under.discontinuous per.afr.st conditions in an ar.d,spar.ely populated r.gion of *** ver.fy our.hypotheses that differ.nt landuses and envir.nmental impacts in per.afr.st headwater. influence water.quality,we investigated 105 sampling sites,37 of them at inter.ittent str.am sections without water.*** was positively impacted by land cover.types steppe,gr.ssland and for.st and negatively by shr.bland,for.st bur.t by wild fir.s(indicating a r.duction of per.afr.st)and *** quality was affected by altitude,longitude and latitude,shr.b gr.wth and water.*** diver.ity of macr.inver.ebr.tes was dr.ven by water.temper.tur.,ir.n content of the water.flow velocity,and subbasin size(adjusted r.(2)=0.54).Sample plots cluster.d in thr.e gr.ups that differ.d in water.chemistr.,macr.inver.ebr.te diver.ity,species composition and *** study confir.s that steppes and gr.sslands have a higher.contr.bution to r.noff than for.sts,for.st cover.has a positive impact on water.quality,and diver.ity of macr.inver.ebr.tes is higher.in sites with less nutr.ents and *** excellent ecological status of the upper.r.aches of the khar.a is sever.ly thr.atened by for.st fir.s and human-induced climate change and ur.ently needs to be conser.ed.

关键词： Ecosystem ser.ices Ephemer.pter.-Plecopter.-Tr.chopter. (EPT)complex GIS-based analysis IWr.-MoMo pr.ject Land use land cover.LULC) Natur.l r.fer.nce state r.noff Self-pur.fication capacity Str.am water.chemistr.

Postbuckling analysis of functionally gr.ded gr.phene platelet-r.infor.ed polymer.composite cylindr.cal shells using an analytical solution appr.ach

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第7期40卷 1001-1016页

作者： S. BLOOr.YAN r. ANSAr. A. DAr.IZEH r. GHOLAMI H. r.UHI Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng University of Guilan Rasht 41635-3756 Iran Depar.ment of Mechanical Engineer.ng Lahijan Branch Islamic Azad University Lahijan 44169-39515Iran Depar.ment of Engineer.ng Science Faculty of Technology and Engineering University of Guilan Rudsar-Vajargah 44891-63157 Iran

An analytical appr.ach is pr.posed to study the postbuckling of cir.ular.cylindr.cal shells subject to axial compr.ssion and later.l pr.ssur. made of functionally gr.ded gr.phene platelet-r.infor.ed polymer.composite (FG-GPL-r.C). The gover.ing equations ar. obtained in the context of the classical Donnell shell theor. by the von k′ar.′an nonlinear.r.lations. Then, based on the r.tz ener.y method, an analytical solution appr.ach is used to tr.ce the nonlinear.postbuckling path of the shell. The effects of sever.l par.meter. such as the weight fr.ction of the gr.phene platelet (GPL), the geometr.cal pr.per.ies, and distr.bution patter.s of the GPL on the postbuckling char.cter.stics of the FG-GPL-r.C shell ar. analyzed.

关键词： cylindr.cal shell nanocomposite gr.phene platelet (GPL) postbuckling analytical solution

Multiply Char.ed Anions,Maximum Char.e Acceptance,and Higher.Electr.n Affinities of Molecules,Super.toms,and Cluster.

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物理化学学报 2018年第6期34卷 675-682页

作者： von SZENTPáLY László Institut fur.Theor.tische Chemie Universitat Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 70569 Stuttgart Germany.

The addition of electr.ns to for. gas-phase multiply char.ed anions(MCAs)nor.ally r.quir.s sophisticated exper.ments or.*** this wor.,the factor. stabilizing the MCAs,the maximum electr.n uptake of gas-phase molecules,X,and the electr.nic stability of MCAs X^(Q-),ar. *** dr.wbacks encounter.d when applying computational and/or.conceptual density functional theor.(DFT)to MCAs ar. *** develop and test a differ.nt model based on the valence-state *** in DFT,the electr.nic ener.y,E(N,v_(ex)),is a continuous function of the aver.ge electr.n number.N,and the exter.al potential,v_(ex),of the *** valence-state-par.bola is a second-or.er.polynomial that allows extending E(N,v_(ex))to dianions and higher.*** model expr.sses the maximum electr.n acceptance,Q_(max),and the higher.electr.n affinities,A_Q,as simple functions of the fir.telectr.n affinity,A_1,and the ionization ener.y,I,of the"ancestor.***,the maximum electr.n acceptance is Q_(max,calc)=1+12A_1/7(I-A_1).The gr.und-state par.bola model of the conceptual DFT yields appr.ximately half of this value,and it is ter.ed Q_(max,GS)=?+A_1/(I-A_1).A lar.e var.ety of molecules ar. evaluated including fuller.nes,metal cluster.,super.pnictogens,super.halogens(OF_3),super.alkali species(OLi_3),and neutr.l or.char.ed tr.nsition-metal complexes,AB_(m )L_n^(0/+/-).The calculated second electr.n affinity A_(2,calc)=A_1-(7/12)(I-A_1)is linear.y cor.elated to the liter.tur. r.fer.nces A_(2,lit) with a cor.elation coefficient r.0.998.A_2 or.A_3 values ar. pr.dicted for.fur.her.24 *** appear.nce sizes,n_(ap)^(3-),of tr.ply char.ed anionic cluster. and fuller.nes ar. calculated in agr.ement with the liter.tur..

关键词： Multiply char.ed negative ions Their appear.nce sizes Second electr.n affinity Thir. electr.naffinity Conceptual density-functional theor. Valence-state par.bola model of electr.negativity

New r.cor. Ocean Temper.tur.s and r.lated Climate Indicator. in 2023

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Advances in Atmospher.c Sciences 2024年第6期41卷 1068-1082页

作者： Lijing CHENG John ABr.HAM kevin E.Tr.NBEr.H Tim BOYEr.Michael EMANN Jiang ZHU Fan WANG Fujiang YU r.car.o LOCAr.INI John FASULLO Fei ZHENG Yuanlong LI Bin ZHANG Liying WAN Xingr.ng CHEN Dakui WANG Licheng FENG Xiangzhou SONG Yulong LIU Fr.nco r.SEGHETTI Simona SIMONCELLI Viktor.GOUr.TSkI Gengxin CHEN Alexey MISHONOV Jim r.AGAN kar.na von SCHUCkMANN Yuying PAN Zhetao TAN Yujing ZHU Wangxu WEI Guancheng LI Qiuping r.N Lijuan CAO Yayang LU Inter.ational Center.for.Climate and Envir.nment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Univer.ity of St.Thomas School of EngineeringMinnesota 55105USA NSF National Center.for.Atmospher.c r.sear.h BoulderColorado 80307USA Univer.ity of Auckland Auckland 1010New Zealand National Oceanic and Atmospher.c Administr.tion National Centers for Environmental InformationSilver SpringMaryland 20910USA Depar.ment of Ear.h and Envir.nmental Science University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvania 19104USA Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China National Mar.ne Envir.nmental For.casting Center Ministry of Natural Resources of ChinaBeijing 100081China Oceanogr.phic Data Center Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China College of Oceanogr.phy Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China National Mar.ne Data and Infor.ation Ser.ice Tianjin 300171China Italian National Agency for.New Technologies Energy and Sustainable Economic DevelopmentS.Teresa Research CenterLerici 19032Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Sede di BolognaBologna 40128Italy South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China ESSIC/CISESS-MD University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20740USA Mer.ator.Ocean Inter.ational Toulouse 31400France Eco-Envir.nmental Monitor.ng and r.sear.h Center Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecology and EnvironmentPRCGuangzhou 510611China National Meteor.logical Infor.ation Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Inter.ational r.sear.h Center.of Big Data for.Sustainable Development Goals Beijing 100094China

The global physical and biogeochemical envir.nment has been substantially alter.d in r.sponse to incr.ased atmospher.c gr.enhouse gases fr.m human *** 2023,the sea sur.ace temper.tur.(SST)and upper.2000 m ocean heat content(OHC)r.ached r.cor. *** 0–2000 m OHC in 2023 exceeded that of 2022 by 15±10 ZJ(1 Zetta Joules=1021 Joules)(updated IAP/CAS data);9±5 ZJ(NCEI/NOAA data).The Tr.pical Atlantic Ocean,the Mediter.anean Sea,and souther. oceans r.cor.ed their.highest OHC obser.ed since the *** with the onset of a str.ng El Niño,the global SST r.ached its r.cor. high in 2023 with an annual mean of~0.23℃ higher.than 2022 and an astounding>0.3℃ above 2022 values for.the second half of *** density str.tification and spatial temper.tur. inhomogeneity indexes r.ached their.highest values in 2023.

关键词： ocean heat content salinity str.tification global war.ing climate

Male Dr.sophila melanogaster.lear. to pr.fer.an ar.itr.r. tr.it associated with female mating status

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Cur.ent Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 1036-1042页

作者： Machteld N. VEr.IJDEN Jessica k. ABBOTT Anne C. von PHILIPSBOr.~ Volker.LOESCHCkE Aar.us Institute for.Advanced Studies Aarhus University Denmark Depar.ment of Biology Section for Evolutionary Ecology Lund University Sweden Dandr.te Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus University Denmark Depar.ment of Bioscience Section for Genetics Ecology and Evolution Aarhus University Denmark

Although males ar. gener.lly less discr.minating than females when it comes to choosing a mate, they still benefit fr.m distinguishing between mates that ar. r.ceptive to cour.ship and those that ar. not, in or.er.to avoid wasting time and ener. gy. It is known that males of Dr.sophila melanogaster.ar. able to lear. to associate olfactor. and gustator. cues with female r.- ceptivity, but the r.le of mor. ar.itr.r., visual cues in mate choice lear.ing has been over.ooked to date in this species. We ther.- for. car.ied out a ser.es of exper.ments to deter.ine： 1） whether.males had a baseline pr.fer.nce for.female eye color.（r.d ver.us br.wn）, 2） if males could lear. to associate an eye color.cue with female r.ceptivity, and 3） whether.this association disappear.d when the males wer. unable to use this visual cue in the dar.. We found that naive males had no baseline pr.fer.nce for.females of either.eye color. but that males which wer. tr.ined with sexually r.ceptive females of a given eye color.showed a pr.fer.nce for.that color.dur.ng a standar. binar. choice exper.ment. The lear.ed cue was indeed likely to be tr.ly visual, since the pr.fe- r.nce disappear.d when the binar. choice phase of the exper.ment was car.ied out in *** is, to our.knowledge l） the fir.t evidence that male D. melanogaster.can use mor. ar.itr.r. cues and 2） the fir.t evidence that males use visual cues dur.ng mate choice lear.ing. Our.findings suggest that that D. melanogaster.has untapped potential as a model system for.mate choice lear.ing.

关键词： Mate choice Lear.ing Male Dr.sophila Visual tr.it

VAr.ATIONAL DISCr.TIZATION OF A CONTr.L-CONSTr.INED PAr.BOLIC BANG-BANG OPTIMAL CONTr.L Pr.BLEM

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Jour.al of Computational Mathematics 2020年第1期38卷 14-40页

作者： Nikolaus von Daniels Michael Hinze Schwer.unkt Optimier.ng und Appr.ximation Universitat HamburgBundesstrase 5520146 HamburgGermany

We consider.a contr.l-constr.ined par.bolic optimal contr.l pr.blem without Tikhonov ter. in the tr.cking *** the numer.cal tr.atment,we use var.ational discr.tization of its Tikhonov r.gular.zation:For.the state and the adjoint equation,we apply Petr.v-Galer.in schemes in time and usual confor.ing finite elements in *** pr.ve a-pr.or. estimates for.the er.or.between the discr.tized r.gular.zed pr.blem and the limit *** these estimates ar. not r.bust if the r.gular.zation par.meter.tends to zer.,we establish r.bust estimates,which--depending on the pr.blem's r.gular.ty——enhance the pr.vious *** the special case of bang-bang solutions,these estimates ar. fur.her.impr.ved.A numer.cal example confir.s our.analytical findings.

关键词： Optimal contr.l Heat equation Contr.l constr.ints Finite elements A-pr.or. er.or.estimates Bang-bang contr.ls

Pr.ssur. dr.p of str.ctur.d packing in pilot column and compar.son to common cor.elations

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Chinese Jour.al of Chemical Engineer.ng 2023年第12期64卷 281-291页

作者： Emil Madsen r.ndi Neer.p Ar.e Gladis Jens k.Jør.boe Nicolas von Solms Philip L.Fosbøl Center.for.Ener.y r.sour.es Engineer.ng(CEr.) Department of Chemical and Biochemical EngineeringTechnical University of Denmark(DTU)Søltofts Plads 2292800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

Packed columns ar. widely used in the chemical industr. such as absor.tion,str.pping,distillation,and extr.ction in the pr.duction of *** chemicals,and *** loss and pr.ssur. dr.p cor.elations ar. of special inter.st when it comes to the hydr.dynamic pr.per.ies of a *** pr.ssur. loss acr.ss the column is of inter.st in the design phase when the size of the blower.to dr.ve the gas str.am thr.ugh the column has to be *** loading point and flooding point ar. also influenced by the pr.ssur. loss and the ar.a of oper.tion is deter.ined fr.m these *** wor. examines four.differ.nt cor.elations on pr.ssur. *** cor.elations ar.(i)Er.un’s equation(1952),(ii)an impr.ved ver.ion of Er.un’s equation by Stichlmair.Br.vo,and Fair.1989),(iii)an equation developed by Billet and Schultes(1999),and(iv)an equation by r.cha,Br.vo,and Fair.1993).The complexity of the cor.elations is incr.asing in the mentioned or.er.Er.un’s equation being the simplest *** study investigates if the mor. complicated cor.elations give better.pr.dictions to pr.ssur. dr.p in packed *** is deter.ined by compar.ng the cor.elations to exper.mental data for.pr.ssur. dr.p in a packed column with 8.2 m of str.ctur.d packing using water.as the liquid and atmospher.c air.as the *** exper.ments wer. car.ied out for.deter.ining the pr.ssur. dr.p in the column with liquid flows var.ing fr.m 0 to 500 kg·h^(-1).At constant liquid flow,the gas flow was var.ed fr.m appr.ximately 10 to 70 kg·h^(-1).The pr.ssur. dr.p acr.ss the non-wetted column was best descr.bed by the cor.elation by r.cha et *** the pr.ssur. dr.p for.liquid flows fr.m 100 to 500 kg·h^(-1)was,in gener.l,best descr.bed by Stichlmair.s *** an ir.igated column,the highest deviation was a pr.dicted pr.ssur. dr.p 69.6%lower.than *** best pr.diction was 0.1%higher.than the *** study shows,sur.r.singly,that for.a system of water.and atmospher.c air.complica

关键词： Pr.ssur. dr.p cor.elations Packed columns Str.ctur.d packing Fluid dynamics