检索结果-南通市图书馆

Increase in efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells by porous TiO_2 layer modification with gadolinium-containing thin layer

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Rare Earths 2011年第8期29卷 783-786页

作者： Maciej Zalas Mariusz Walkowiak Grzegorz schroeder Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals Branch in Poznań Central Laboratory of Batteries and Cells

Modified with gadolinium-containing layer, nanoporous titania electrode and its application in dye-sensitized solar cells were reported. The electrode prepared was characterized with UV-Vis and X-ray diffraction （XRD） techniques. The amount of gadolinium was measured with inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry （ICP-OES） experiments. The modified electrode showed reduced N3 dye adsorption ability, but increased light conversion efficiency in comparison with the non-modified electrode. The overall conversion efficiencies, determined under 400 W/m2 irradiation with tungsten-halogen lamp at room temperature, were 0.55% for non-modified and 0.74% for modified electrodes.

关键词： dye-sensitized solar cell surface modification of TiO2 Gd-doped TiO2 rare earths

Fight them or feed them:how the intestinal mucus layer manages the gut microbiota

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Gastroenterology Report 2019年第1期7卷 3-12,I0001页

作者： Bjoern O.schroeder Wallenberg Laboratory and Sahlgrenska Center for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineInstitute of MedicineBruna Stra°ket 16University of GothenburgSE 41345 GothenburgSweden

The intestinal tract is inhabited by a tremendous number of microorganisms,termed the gut *** microorganisms live in a mutualistic relationship with their host and assist in the degradation of complex *** the gut microbiota is generally considered beneficial,the vast number of microbial cells also form a permanent threat to the ***,the intestinal epithelium is covered with a dense layer of mucus to prevent translocation of the gut microbiota into underlying *** mucus is an organized glycoprotein network with a host-specific glycan *** the mucus layer has long been considered a passive,host-designed barrier,recent studies showed that maturation and function of the mucus layer are strongly influenced by the gut *** return,the glycan repertoire of mucins can select for distinct mucosa-associated bacteria that are able to bind or degrade specific mucin glycans as a nutrient *** the intestinal mucus layer is at the crucial interface between host and microbes,its breakdown leads to gut bacterial encroachment that can eventually cause inflammation and ***,a dysfunctional mucus layer has been observed in colitis in mice and ***,the increased consumption of a low-fiber Western-style diet in our modern society has recently been demonstrated to cause bacteria-mediated defects of the intestinal mucus ***,I will review current knowledge on the interaction between gut bacteria and the intestinal mucus layer in health and *** the molecular details of this host–microbe interaction may contribute to the development of novel treatment options for diseases involving a dysfunctional mucus layer,such as ulcerative colitis.

关键词： Dietary fiber gut microbiota host-microbe interaction inflammatory bowel disease mucus mucin mucosal barrier metabolic disease probiotics ulcerative colitis

FerryBox: Using Automated Water Measurement Systems to Monitor Water Quality: Perspectives for the Yangtze River and Three Gorges Dam

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 861-869页

作者： Carsten Frank Friedhelm schroeder Wilhelm Petersen Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht GmbH Institute for Coastal Research

The building of the Three Gorges Dam （Hubei （湖北） Province, China） has transformed a region with an economy based on sustainable agriculture for millennia into an entirely different environment within an exceptionally short time. This disrupts the natural biogeochemieal cycles of carbon, nutrients, and metals and possibly will affect the whole catchment including downstream ecosystems, such as wetlands, estuaries, deltas, and adjacent sea areas. Starting from changes that have already been documented, this article concentrates on the possible use of a ＂FerryBox＂, which is an automated water quality measurement system on board a ship or on shore, to monitor the short and long term development of the quality of the river water in the backwater area and downstream of the dam. While there are already research programmes running to monitor the water quality of the river and the backwater area, these programs are limited to ship campaigns with sampling and laboratory analysis. The spatial and temporal resolution of such measurements is not sufficient for an overall assessment of the water quality and for prognoses in the context of anthropogenic and climate change. Therefore, a concept of applying regular automated observations by a FerryBox is presented. It is shown that such systems are very well suited to give feedback for the assessment of measures to improve the water quality.

关键词： Three Gorges Dam Yangtze River eutrophication FerryBox.

LES of film cooling for different jet fluids

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

航空动力学报 2007年第4期22卷 521-530页

作者： P. Renze W. schroeder M. Meinke Aerodynamisches Institut RWTH Aachen 52062 Aachen Germany

The present paper investigates the impact of the velocity and density ratio on the turbulent mixing process in gas turbine blade film cooling.A cooling fluid is injected from an inclined pipe at α=30° into a turbulent boundary layer profile at a freestream Reynolds number of Re∞=*** jet-in-a-crossflow(JICF) problem is investigated using large-eddy simulations(LES).The governing equations comprise the Navier-Stokes equations plus additional transport equations for several species to simulate a non-reacting gas mixture.A variation of the density ratio is simulated by the heat-mass transfer analogy,i.e.,gases of different density are effused into an an air crossflow at a constant *** efficient large-eddy simulation method for low subsonic flows based on an implicit dual time-stepping scheme combined with low Mach number preconditioning is *** numerical results and experimental velocity data measured using two-component particle-image velocimetry (PIV) are in excellent *** results show the dynamics of the flow field in the vicinity of the jet hole,i.e.,the recirculation region and the inclination of the shear layers,to be mainly determined by the velocity ***,evaluating the cooling efficiency downstream of the jet hole the mass flux ratio proves to be the dominant similarity parameter,i.e.,the density ratio between the fluids and the velocity ratio have to be considered

关键词：航空推进系统仿真横向流动式喷气密度比速率冷却效率薄雾冷却

Outlook on the gut microbiota

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Bjoern O.schroeder Department of Molecular Biology UmeaUniversityUmeaSweden Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden(MIMS) UmeaUniversityUmeaSweden

Despite being a rather young research field that only emerged in the last two decades,it has become clear that the gut microbiota is an essential part of our body that strongly influences the processes that regulate our health and *** this Special Issue of Gastroenterology Report,we have compiled a collection of articles which discuss that microbial signals deriving from our internal bioreactor are by no means restricted to the gut environment,and why it is thus reasonable to consider the gut microbial community as an additional organ to our body.

关键词： Outlook spite restricted

Designing with nature:Advancing threedimensional green spaces in architecture through frameworks for biophilic design and sustainability

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frontiers of Architectural Research 2023年第4期12卷 732-753页

作者： Weijie Zhong Torsten schroeder Juliette Bekkering Architectural Design and Engineering Department of the Built EnvironmentEindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBthe Netherlands

In the transition to a more sustainable built environment over the last two decades,the“greening”of architecture as a popular approach has received widespread ***,there are still many open questions and contradictions regarding how to design with“nature”and contribute to *** addition,explorations of built examples are rare,and three-dimensional(3D)green spaces in buildings are often ***,we introduce“green pockets”(3D green spaces)as a typology distinct from two-dimensional green roofs and walls/*** draw on a mixed-method approach to study two cases(Erasmus MC and Hotel Jakarta),comprising 12 semi-structured interviews with different stakeholders,design document analysis,and site *** develop a critical reflection(a framework)on the impacts of“green architecture”on sustainability from unpacked benefits and adopt a biophilic design framework to analyse designing with“nature”in architectural *** findings demonstrate that green pockets contribute to integrating multiple experiences of“nature”into buildings and developing sustainable *** green pockets with visibility,accessibility,and spatial characteristics(e.g.,prospect and refuge,organised complexity,peril,and mystery)of“nature”improves building ***,we provide design recommendations to advance green pocket designs and make suggestions for future research.

关键词： Biophilic design Biophilic architecture Design with nature Green space Sustainability Sustainable architecture

Assessment of VIIRS 375 m active fire using tropical peatland combustion algorithm applied to Landsat-8 over Indonesia’s peatlands

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第12期13卷 1695-1716页

作者： Parwati Sofan David Bruce Wilfrid schroeder Eriita Jones Jackie Marsden Scarce Resources and Circular Economy(ScaRCE) University of South AustraliaScienceTechnologyEngineering and Mathematics(STEM)Adelaide/Mawson LakesAustralia Remote Sensing Application Center of Indonesian Institute of Aeronautics and Space(LAPAN) JakartaIndonesia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) College ParkMDUSA dImagery LandgateMidlandAustralia

VIIRS 375 m active fire data(VNP14IMG),the highest spatial resolution available cost-free fire product,were assessed for representing fire in typical degraded tropical peatlands in *** results of applying the Tropical Peatland Combustion Algorithm to Landsat-8(ToPeCAl-L8)daytime imagery were utilised as the fire *** permit the comparison of non-simultaneous VNP14IMG and ToPeCAl-L8,peatland fire propagation speeds resulting from previous study using TET-1 data in Central Kalimantan’s peatlands were *** peatland fires were still within 750 m from their source over 15 h under uniform conditions,except for very large *** detection rates of nighttime VNP14IMG compared with ToPeCAl-L8 showed about 80%agreement for small fire areas(<14 ha).For fires larger than 14 ha,a dissolved 375 m buffer(cluster buffer)of VNP14IMG active fires with an integration of nighttime and daytime acquisitions,produced a probability of detection up to 90%.These results generated a recommendation for implementing cluster buffer analysis and integration of nighttime and daytime analysis of VNP14IMG data for better accuracy in fire detection for ground fire *** also demonstrate the utility of the ToPeCAl-L8 algorithm with VIIRS 375 m active fire data.

关键词： Active fire assessment VIIRS 375 m active fire(VNP14IMG) ToPeCAlLandsat-8 peatland fires

Wrong place at the wrong time: how retrograde trafficking drives cancer metastasis through receptor mislocalization

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第2期4卷 1-14页

作者： Sabrina A.Maisel Joyce schroeder Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Arizona Cancer Center University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA BIO5 Institute TucsonAZ 85724USA

Retrograde trafficking is a well-regulated, multi-component pathway that can result in endosomal trafficking to the trans-Golgi network, the perinuclear space, or the nucleus. Either clathrin or the retromer complex can travel with proteins endocytosed from the plasma membrane, guided by Rabs (including 5, 6, 7, 9, 22A), interacting with a host of sorting nexin proteins, and fusing with Golgi-specific anchors to allow transport of activated receptor tyrosine kinases to a potential end within the nucleus. Amplification in these constituents is common in cancer, leading to increased retrotranslocation and a reduction in degradation of receptor tyrosine kinases, an event highly associated with cancer metastasis. Here, we review the role of retrograde trafficking in altering transmembrane receptor localization and activity and the relationship to metastasis, focusing on all four members of the ErbB family, with comparison to other receptor tyrosine kinases including the insulin receptor and fibroblast growth factor receptor, as well as other transmembrane proteins dysregulated in metastasis. By examining how these receptors are being alternatively trafficked and the cancer-associated events resulting from this process, we hope to identify novel therapeutic targets.

关键词： Retrograde trafficking receptor tyrosine kinase metastasis nuclear receptor

Solution pH jump during antibody and Fc-fusion protein thaw leads to increased aggregation

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第5期8卷 302-306页

作者： Kevin P.Kent Chad E.schroeder Chandana Sharma Upstream R&D MilliporeSigma

Freeze-thaw cycles impact the amount of aggregation observed in antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins. Various formulation strategies are used to mitigate the amount of aggregation that occurs upon putting a protein solution through a freeze-thaw cycle. Additionally, low pH solutions cause native antibodies to unfold, which are prone to aggregate upon pH neutralization, There is great interest in the mechanism that causes therapeutic proteins to aggregate since aggregate species can cause unwanted immunogenicity in patients, Herein, an increase in aggregation is reported when the pH is adjusted from pH 3 up to a pH ranging from pH 4 to pH 7 during the thaw process of a frozen antibody solution, Raising the pH during the thaw process caused a significant increase in the percent aggregation observed. Two antibodies and one Fc-fusion protein were evaluated during the pH jump thaw process and similar effects were observed. The results provide a new tool to study the kinetics of therapeutic protein ag- gregation upon pH increase,

关键词： Monoclonal antibodies Freeze-thaw Protein aggregation Protein stability