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Simultaneous acceleration of sulfur reduction and oxidation on bifunctional electrocatalytic electrodes for quasi-solid-state Zn–S batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1531-1538页

作者： Mingli Wang Hong Zhang Tianhang Ding fangjun Wu Lin Fu Bin Song Pengfei Cao Ke lu Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringKey Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of EducationAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Lab of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

The incomplete sulfur reduction and high ZnS re-oxidation energy barrier along with severe side reactions during the battery cycling compromise the practical application of Zn–S electrochemistry. Herein, a bifunctional electrocatalytic sulfur matrix that simultaneously accelerates the sulfur reduction and ZnS oxidation is proposed to realize a highly-efficient Zn–S cell. It is revealed that the N-heteroatom hotspots are more favorable for facilitating the conversion of S to ZnS while the CoO nanocrystal substantially lowers the ZnS activation energy barrier thereby suppressing the formation of disproportionation species(e.g.,SO_(4)^(2-)) and accumulation of inactive ZnS. Accordingly, the Co O anchored on the N-doped carbon-supported sulfur cathode delivers a high Zn^(2+)storage capacity of 1,172 m Ahg^(-1)and outstanding cycling stability with a capacity retention of 71.6% after500 cycles with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 97.8%. Simultaneously, the stable cycling of solid-state Zn–S pouch cells with an energy density of 585 Whkg^(-1)sulfuris also demonstrated. Moreover, the postmortem analysis reveals that the degradation of Zn–S cells is mainly attributed to the limited reversibility of Zn anodes rather than the ZnS decomposition and/or accumulation. The approach to the bidirectional catalysis manipulated the sulfur redox provides a new perspective to realize the theoretical potentials of Zn–S cells.

关键词： Zn–S battery bifunctional catalysts solid-state battery sulfur redox degradation mechanism

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Ferroelectricity Induced by Oxygen Vacancies in Rhombohedral ZrO_(2) Thin Films

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第1期7卷 229-237页

作者： Veniero Lenzi José P.B.Silva Břetislav Šmíd vladimir Matoín Cosmin M.Istrate Corneliu Ghica Judith L.MacManus-Driscoll luís Marques Physics Center of Minho and Porto Universities(CF-UM-UP) University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar 4710-057Braga Portugal Laboratory of Physics for Materials and Emergent Technologies LapMETUniversity of Minho4710-057Braga Portugal Department of Surface and Plasma Science Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityV Holešovičkách 218000Prague 8 Czech Republic National Institute of Materials Physics 105 bis Atomistilor 077125Magurele Romania Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy 27 Charles Babbage Rd.Cambridge CB3 OFSUK

Rhombohedral phase Hf_(x)Zr_(1.x)O_(2)(HZO,x from 0 to 1)films are promising for achieving robust ferroelectric polarization without the need for an initial wake-up pre-cycling,as is normally the case for the more commonly studied orthorhombic ***,a large spontaneous polarization observed in rhombohedral films is not fully understood,and there are also large discrepancies between experimental and theoretical *** this work,in rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films,we show that oxygen vacancies are not only a key factor for stabilizing the phase,but they are also a source of ferroelectric polarization in the *** is shown experimentally through the investigation of the structural properties,chemical composition and the ferroelectric properties of the films before and after an annealing at moderate temperature(400℃)in an oxygen environment to reduce the V_(o)concentration *** experimental work is supported by density functional theory(DFT)calculations which show that the rhombohedral phase is the most stable one in highly oxygen defective ZrO_(2)*** DFT calculations also show that V_(o)contribute to the ferroelectric *** findings reveal the importance of V_(o)for stabilizing rhombohedral ZrO_(2)thin films with superior ferroelectric properties.

关键词： charged defects ferroelectric polarization rhombohedral phase stability zirconia

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Status of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope Project

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空间科学学报 2016年第5期36卷 633-635页

作者： lu fangjun Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(HXMT) is China's first X-ray(1-250 keV)astronomical satellite officially approved in *** will scan the Galactic plane to detect new transient sources and do pointed observations of X-ray sources to study their spectra and multiwavelength temporal *** the flight model of the satellite is in the final testing stage,and the expected launch date is in late 2016.

关键词：硬X射线调制望远镜 X射线天文卫星 HXMT 时间属性 X射线源平面检测测试阶段飞行模型

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Multiple-Photon Resonance Enabled Quantum Interference in Emission Spectroscopy of N2+

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Ultrafast Science 2024年第2期4卷 1-7页

作者： Xiang Zhang Qi lu YaLei Zhu Jing Zhao Rostyslav Danylo Liang Xu Mingwei Lei Hongbing Jiang Chengyin Wu Zhedong Zhang Aurélien Houard vladimir Tikhonchuk AndréMysyrowicz Qihuang Gong Songlin Zhuang Zengxiu Zhao Yi Liu Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System University of Shanghai for Science and Technology.516Jungong Road200093 ShanghaiChina Department of Physics National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquee ENSTA ParisEcole Polytechnique CNRSInstitut Polytechnique de Paris828 Boulevard des Marechaux91762 Palaiseau CedexFrance State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBejing 100871China Department of Physics City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SAR Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications University of Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA351 Cours de la Liberation33405 Talence Cedex France Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC ELI Beamlines Facility25241 Doln BrezanyCzech Republic CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-intense Laser Science Shanghai 201800China

Quantum interference occurs frequently in the interaction of laser radiation with materials,leading to a series of fascinating effects such as lasing without inversion,electromagnetically induced transparency,Fano resonance,*** quantum interference effects are mostly enabled by single-photon resonance with transitions in the matter,regardless of how many optical frequencies are ***,we report on quantum interference driven by multiple photons in the emission spectroscopy of nitrogen ions that are resonantly pumped by ultrafast infrared laser *** the spectral domain,Fano resonance is observed in the emission spectrum,where a laser-assisted dynamic Stark effect creates the *** the time domain,the fast-evolving emission is measured,revealing the nature of free-induction decay arising from quantum radiation and molecular *** findings clarify the mechanism of coherent emission of nitrogen ions pumped with mid-infrared pump laser and are found to be *** present work opens a route to explore the important role of quantum interference during the interaction of intense laser pulses with materials near multiple photon resonance.

关键词： pumped pump Quantum

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预制拼装铁路重力式桥墩的抗震性能研究

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中国铁道科学 2024年第1期45卷 79-88页

作者：丁明波邹诚鲁锦华李竞宇邢斯宇王芳军兰州交通大学土木工程学院甘肃兰州730070

为适应中国铁路建设向高烈度震区快速发展的需要,解决传统预制拼装桥墩墩柱及承台连接位置薄弱等问题,提出一种灌浆波纹管连接的模块化预制拼装桥墩体系,通过设置承台与墩身塑性区域共同浇筑及墩底局部无黏结段增强桥墩的抗震性能。制作... 详细信息

为适应中国铁路建设向高烈度震区快速发展的需要,解决传统预制拼装桥墩墩柱及承台连接位置薄弱等问题,提出一种灌浆波纹管连接的模块化预制拼装桥墩体系,通过设置承台与墩身塑性区域共同浇筑及墩底局部无黏结段增强桥墩的抗震性能。制作1个局部无黏结整体现浇铁路重力式桥墩模型和1个局部无黏结预制拼装铁路重力式桥墩模型开展拟静力试验,并结合有限元分析,进行预制拼装铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能研究。结果表明:局部无黏结预制拼装桥墩整体连接性能稳定,可通过墩底塑性区域破坏与墩身及节段间的摇摆实现共同消能,其破坏模式表现为墩底塑性区域的弯曲破坏,未发生破坏位置转移现象;局部无黏结预制拼装桥墩等效塑性区域高度比整体现浇桥墩降低,抗侧向水平承载力与耗能能力提升显著,位移延性能力良好,可适应更大加载位移,最终累积耗能增长64.3%;结构接缝位置连接稳定可靠,同等加载位移下等效刚度基本一致,抗震性能得到明显提高;预制节段划分对预制拼装铁路重力式桥墩抗震性能的影响不大。

关键词：铁路重力式桥墩预制拼装局部无黏结抗震性能破坏模式拟静力试验

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某两驱纯电乘用车差速器异响故障机理分析和解决

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车辆与动力技术 2024年第1期 55-60,64页

作者：陈辉鲁方俊程翔吴桂义无锡中车浩夫尔动力总成有限公司无锡214174

在国家“碳达峰、碳中和”大背景下,纯电动汽车是未来汽车发展趋势,差速器是汽车转向系统的重要零件,其NVH性能好坏直接影响整车驾驶品质.文中基于解决工程上遇到的整车双扭线呜呜异响问题,通过对整车左、右半轴支架和电驱动差速器轴承... 详细信息

在国家“碳达峰、碳中和”大背景下,纯电动汽车是未来汽车发展趋势,差速器是汽车转向系统的重要零件,其NVH性能好坏直接影响整车驾驶品质.文中基于解决工程上遇到的整车双扭线呜呜异响问题,通过对整车左、右半轴支架和电驱动差速器轴承壳体附件位置布置传感器,测量其振动和噪音信号并分析时域特征和音频数据,结合主观驾评结果,电驱动的差速器振动加速度出现瞬时冲击特征明显,差速器轴承壳体振动冲击幅值最大,同时结合电驱动总成台架故障复现测试,最终锁定电驱动差速器总成是造成整车双扭线呜呜异响的主要原因,制定优化策略并完成台架及整车验证,成功解决了问题.

关键词：差速器异响行星齿轮半轴齿轮行星齿轮轴垫片金属摩擦声

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Status of the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(Insight-HXMT) Project

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空间科学学报 2018年第5期38卷 623-626页

作者： lu fangjun ZHANG Shuangnan Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope(HXMT) was launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on June 15, 2017, and was named as Insight-HXMT after the launch. Now all the instruments work properly in space, dozens of sources have been observed, and some early scientific results have been published. The nominal lifetime of Insight-HXMT is 4 years.

关键词：检查调整望远镜卫星发射中心工程

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In-orbit performance evolution of Insight-HXMT in the first five years

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第1期7卷 1-2页

作者： fangjun lu Institute of High Energy Physics&Bureau of Frontier Science and Education Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope,dubbed Insight-HXMT after it was launched into orbit on June 15th,2017,is the first X-ray astronomical satellite in *** contains three collimated telescopes,the High Energy X-ray Telescope(HE),the Medium Energy X-ray Telescope(ME)and the Low Energy X-ray Telescope(LE).The main scientific objective of Insight-HXMT is to study neutron star and black holeX-ray binaries in the Galaxy by observing their temporal and spectral properties in 1–250 *** telescopes usually have relatively high backgrounds that are comparable to the source *** is no active temperature control for theME and LE detectors,whose working temperatures and response functions change significantly in ***,a good calibration of the background and energy response matrices is essential for obtaining reliable observational results.

关键词： space matrices performance

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Hard X-Ray Modulation Telescope(HXMT) Mission

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空间科学学报 2006年第Z1期26卷 30-41页

作者： LI Tipei ZHANG Shuangnan lu fangjun Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua University Department of Physics Tsinghua University Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The HXMT mission concept consists of a slat-collimated hard X-ray detector assembly sensitive in 20～250 keV with a collection area of about 5000 cm2. Based on the reconstruction technique by direct demodulation developed in recent years, HXMT is mainly devoted to performing a hard X-ray all-sky imaging survey with both high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. It can also be used to make pointed observations of X-ray sources to study their spectroscopic and temporal properties in details. The main detector of HXMT consists of 18 individual cylindrical NaI(T1)/CsI(Na) phoswich modules, each with anarea of 283.5 cm2 and a field of view of 5.7°× 1.1° (FWHM). Its spatial resolution and position accuracy are 5′ and 1′ by using the direct demodulation in 1994, and in 2000 its feasibility and technical demonstration study was selected as a project under the Major State Basic Research Program of China. In October 2005, this project entered the full design phase and was listed as a candidate for the first dedicated astronomy satellite around 2010. We are now also considering secondary low energy instruments for this satellite.

关键词： Space Astronomy, Hard X-ray, Satellite

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A Localization Method of High Energy Transients for All-sky Gamma-ray Monitor

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第10期24卷 25-35页

作者： Yi Zhao Wangchen Xue Shaolin Xiong Qi luo Yuanhao Wang Jiacong Liu Heng Yu Xiaoyun Zhao Yue Huang Jinyuan Liao Jianchao Sun Xiaobo Li Qibin Yi Ce Cai Shuo Xiao Shenglun Xie Chao Zheng Yanqiu Zhang Chenwei Wang Wenjun Tan Zhiwei Guo Chaoyang Li Zhenghua An Gang Chen Yanqi Du Min Gao Ke Gong Dongya Guo Jiang He Jianjian He Bing Li Gang Li Xinqiao Li Jing Liang Xiaohua Liang Yaqing Liu Xiang Ma Rui Qiao Liming Song Xinying Song Xilei Sun Jin Wang Ping Wang Xiangyang Wen Hong Wu Yanbing Xu Sheng Yang Dali Zhang Fan Zhang Hongmei Zhang Peng Zhang Shu Zhang Zhen Zhang Shijie Zheng Keke Zhang Xingbo Han Haiyan Wu Hu Tai Hao Geng Gaopeng lu Wei Xu Fanchao Lyu Hongbo Zhang fangjun lu Shuangnan Zhang Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Physics and Optoelectronics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China College of Physics Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Data Processing Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China School of Physics and Electronic Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550001China Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China College of physics Sciences Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China Physics and Space Science College China West Normal UniversityNanchong 637002China School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 611756China College of Electronic and information Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201304China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Electronic Information School Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric SciencesNanjing 210000China Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

Fast and reliable localization of high-energy transients is crucial for characterizing the burst properties and guiding the follow-up *** based on the relative counts of different detectors has been widely used for all-sky gamma-ray *** are two major methods for this count distribution localization:χ^(2)minimization method and the Bayesian *** we propose a modified Bayesian method that could take advantage of both the accuracy of the Bayesian method and the simplicity of the χ^(2)*** comprehensive simulations,we find that our Bayesian method with Poisson likelihood is generally more applicable for various bursts than the χ^(2)method,especially for weak *** further proposed a location-spectrum iteration approach based on the Bayesian inference,which could alleviate the problems caused by the spectral difference between the burst and location *** method is very suitable for scenarios with limited computation resources or timesensitive applications,such as in-flight localization software,and low-latency localization for rapidly follow-up observations.

关键词： methods:data analysis methods:analytical (stars:)gamma-ray burst:general

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