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Association of ABCB1 gene polymorphisms rs1128503, rs2032582, rs4148738 with anemia in patients receiving dabigatran after total knee arthroplasty

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2024年第1期27卷 27-33页

作者： Alina Kasimova Dmitry Labutin anton Gvozdetsky Svetlana Bozhkova Division of Wound Infection Prevention and Treatment Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and OrthopaedicsSt.PetersburgRussian Federation Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Evidence-based Medicine Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversitySt.PetersburgRussian Federation Department of Psychiatry and Addictology North-Western State Medical University named after I.I.MechnikovSt.PetersburgRussian Federation

Purpose:Dabigatran is usually prescribed in recommended doses without monitoring of the blood coagulation for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after joint arthroplasty.ABCB1 is a key gene in the metabolism of dabigatran etexilate.Its allele variants are likely to play a pivotal role in the occurrence of hemorrhagic complications.Methods:The prospective study included 127 patients with primary knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Patients with anemia and coagulation disorders,elevated transaminase and creatinine levels as well as already receiving anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy were excluded from the study.The association of ABCB1 gene polymorphisms rs1128503,rs2032582,rs4148738 with anemia as the outcome of dabigatran therapy was evaluated by single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis with a realtime polymerase chain reaction assay and laboratory blood tests.The beta regression model was used to predict the effect of polymorphisms on the studied laboratory markers.The probability of the type 1 error(p)was less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.BenjaminiHochberg was used to correct for significance levels in multiple hypothesis tests.All calculations were performed using rprogramming language v3.6.3.results:For all polymorphisms there was no association with the level of platelets,protein,creatinine,alanine transaminase,prothrombin,international normalized ratio,activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen.Carriers of rs1128503(TT)had a significant decrease of hematocrit(p=0.001),red blood count and hemoglobin(p=0.015)while receiving dabigatran therapy during the postoperative period compared to the CC,CT.Carriers of rs2032582(TT)had a significant decrease of hematocrit(p=0.001),red blood count and hemoglobin(p=0.006)while receiving dabigatran therapy during the postoperative period compared to the GG,GT phenotypes.These differences were not observed in carriers of rs4148738.Conclusion:It might be necessary to reconsider thromboprophylaxis with dabigatran in

关键词： Thromboprophylaxis P-glycoprotein Dabigatran Anemia SnPs

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Structural changes in the obese brain

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neural regeneration research 2024年第12期19卷 2561-2562页

作者： Anna r.r.Da Conceicao Marcelo n.n.Vieira Fernanda G.De Felice D’Or Institute for research and Education Rio de JaneiroBrazil Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo De Meis Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Centre for neuroscience Studies Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences&Department of PsychiatryQueen’s UniversityKingstonONCanada

Obesity represents a major global health concern,with widespread growing prevalence and severe consequences for the quality of life and life expectancy of affected individuals and for the economic burden of healthcare systems(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).Obesity is a well-established risk factor for a variety of conditions including metabolic,vascula r,and heart diseases,and seve ral types of cancer(Prospective Studies Collaboration,2009).

关键词： diseases consequences prevalence

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Aspirin interruption before neurosurgical interventions:A controversial problem

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第4期16卷 191-198页

作者： Alexander Kulikov anton Konovalov Pier Paolo Pugnaloni Federico Bilotta Department of Anesthesiology Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Vascular neurosurgery Burdenko National Medical Research Center of NeurosurgeryMoscow 125047Russia Department of Anesthesiology Critical Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of Rome“Sapienza”Rome 00161Italy

Aspirin is widely used for primary or secondary prevention of ischemic events.At the same time,chronic aspirin consumption can affect blood clot formation during surgical intervention and increase intraoperative blood loss.This is especially important for high-risk surgery,including neurosurgery.Current European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommend aspirin interruption for at least 7 d before neurosurgical intervention,but this suggestion is not supported by clinical evidence.This narrative review presents evidence that challenges the necessity for aspirin interruption in neurosurgical patients,describes options for aspirin effect monitoring and the clinical implication of these methods,and summarizes current clinical data on bleeding risk associated with chronic aspirin therapy in neurosurgical patients,including brain tumor surgery,cerebrovascular procedures,and spinal surgery.

关键词： Aspirin neurosurgery Postoperative complications Bleeding risk Brain tumor surgery Cerebrovascular surgery Spinal surgery

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Aberrant adult neurogenesis in intractable epilepsy:can GABAergic progenitor transplantation normalize this process?

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neural regeneration research 2024年第7期19卷 1419-1420页

作者： Muhammad n.Arshad Janice r.naegele Department of Biology Wesleyan UniversityMiddletownCTUSA Department of neuroscience Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE) is a common type of focal epilepsy characterized by seizure foci within the temporal lobes.While surgical resection of the foci is an established and effective approach for controlling seizures,both temporal lobes cannot be removed,due to their prominent roles in learning and memory.Additionally,seizures induce changes to the temporal lobes that contribute to hyperexcitability,including mossy fiber sprouting,astrogliosis.

关键词： epilepsy progenitor seizures

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Task Offloading in Edge Computing Using Gnns and DQn

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2649-2671页

作者： Asier Garmendia-Orbegozo Jose David nunez-Gonzalez Miguel Angel anton Department of Applied Mathematics University of the Basque Country UPV/EHUEibar20600Spain TECnALIA Basque Research and Technology Alliance(BRTA)San Sebastian20009Spain

In a network environment composed of different types of computing centers that can be divided into different layers(clod,edge layer,and others),the interconnection between them offers the possibility of peer-to-peer task offloading.For many resource-constrained devices,the computation of many types of tasks is not feasible because they cannot support such computations as they do not have enough available memory and processing capacity.In this scenario,it is worth considering transferring these tasks to resource-rich platforms,such as Edge Data Centers or remote cloud servers.For different reasons,it is more exciting and appropriate to download various tasks to specific download destinations depending on the properties and state of the environment and the nature of the functions.At the same time,establishing an optimal offloading policy,which ensures that all tasks are executed within the required latency and avoids excessive workload on specific computing centers is not easy.This study presents two alternatives to solve the offloading decision paradigm by introducing two well-known algorithms,Graph neural networks(Gnn)and Deep Q-network(DQn).It applies the alternatives on a well-known Edge Computing simulator called PureEdgeSimand compares them with the two defaultmethods,Trade-Off and round robin.Experiments showed that variants offer a slight improvement in task success rate and workload distribution.In terms of energy efficiency,they provided similar results.Finally,the success rates of different computing centers are tested,and the lack of capacity of remote cloud servers to respond to applications in real-time is demonstrated.These novel ways of finding a download strategy in a local networking environment are unique as they emulate the state and structure of the environment innovatively,considering the quality of its connections and constant updates.The download score defined in this research is a crucial feature for determining the quality of a download path in the Gnn training process and has not previous

关键词： Edge computing edge offloading fog computing task offloading

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The effects of data aggregation on long-term projections of forest stands development

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 381-389页

作者： Kobra Maleki rasmus Astrup nicolas Cattaneo Wilson Lara Henao Clara anton-Fernandez norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy research Division of Forestry and Forest ResourcesP.O.Box 115ÅsNO-1431Norway

Forest management planning often relies on Airborne Laser Scanning(ALS)-based Forest Management Inventories(FMIs)for sustainable and efficient decision-making.Employing the area-based(ABA)approach,these inventories estimate forest characteristics for grid cell areas(pixels),which are then usually summarized at the stand level.Using the ALS-based high-resolution norwegian Forest resource Maps(16 m×16 m pixel resolution)alongside with stand-level growth and yield models,this study explores the impact of three levels of pixel aggregation(standlevel,stand-level with species strata,and pixel-level)on projected stand development.The results indicate significant differences in the projected outputs based on the aggregation level.notably,the most substantial difference in estimated volume occurred between stand-level and pixel-level aggregation,ranging from-301 to+253 m^(3)·ha^(-1)for single stands.The differences were,on average,higher for broadleaves than for spruce and pine dominated stands,and for mixed stands and stands with higher variability than for pure and homogenous stands.In conclusion,this research underscores the critical role of input data resolution in forest planning and management,emphasizing the need for improved data collection practices to ensure sustainable forest management.

关键词： Growth and yield models Dominant species norway spruce Scots pine Broadleaves Forest resource map Stand variability

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Automatic area estimation of algal blooms in water bodies from UAV images using texture analysis

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 62-71页

作者： Ajmeria rahul Gundu Lokesh Siddhartha Goswami r.n.Ponnalagu radhika Sudha Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Birla Institute of Technology&SciencePilani Hyderabad CampusTelangana 500078India

Algal blooms,the spread of algae on the surface of water bodies,have adverse effects not only on aquatic ecosystems but also on human life.The adverse effects of harmful algal blooms(HABs)necessitate a convenient solution for detection and monitoring.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have recently emerged as a tool for algal bloom detection,efficiently providing on-demand images at high spatiotemporal resolutions.This study developed an image processing method for algal bloom area estimation from the aerial images(obtained from the internet)captured using UAVs.As a remote sensing method of HAB detection,analysis,and monitoring,a combination of histogram and texture analyses was used to efficiently estimate the area of HABs.Statistical features like entropy(using the Kullback-Leibler method)were emphasized with the aid of a gray-level co-occurrence matrix.The results showed that the orthogonal images demonstrated fewer errors,and the morphological filter best detected algal blooms in real time,with a precision of 80%.This study provided efficient image processing approaches using on-board UAVs for HAB monitoring.

关键词： Algal bloom Image processing Texture analysis Histogram analysis Unmanned aerial vehicles

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Polyelectrolyte Complexes between Hyperbranched and Linear Polysaccharides: Fucoidan/Chitosan

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 468-479页

作者： Ekaterina r.Gasilova Daria n.Poshina Aleksandra O.Sitnikova natalia n.Saprykina Yury A.Skorik Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the russian Academy of Sciences Bolshoi VO 31St.Petersburg199004Russian Federation

Polyelectrolyte complexes(PECs)of hyperbranched(HB)and linear polysaccharides are promising as more effective encapsulation agents compared to PECs formed by linear polysaccharides.We investigated the PECs between the HB anionic polysaccharide fucoidan(FUC)and the cationic linear polysaccharide chitosan(CS).The FUC had a molecular weight(MW)of 30×106.The PECs were prepared in three solvents(water,0.01 and 0.1 mol/L acetic acid)with CS of MW of 15,110 and 170 kDa,and deacetylation degrees(DDA)of 70%and 97%.The structures of the PECs and the initial FUC were investigated by multi-angle static and dynamic light scattering.As the FUC contained 18 wt%of—OSO3 groups and 5 wt%of uronic acid units,it was a“strong-weak”copolyanion,so the HB macromolecules of the FUC formed nanogel particles in 0.1 mol/L AcOH and open branched structures in water,as confirmed by the Kratky plots.After mixing the solutions of original components,the PEC structures underwent an equilibration period,the duration of which increased with the MW of CS.As the charge stoichiometry was approached,the PECs shrank;the fractal dimension approached unity,indicating the side-by-side packing of adjacent FUC branches with the help of CS.Secondary aggregation in the vicinity of the charge compensation was hardly observed,as it occurred in a very narrow region.The PEC content at theζ-potential inversion depended on solvents’pH and the DDA of CS.In the extreme case of core-shell PECs in 0.1 mol/L AcOH,obtained by mixing FUC nanogels with the solutions of high MW CS of 97%DDA,the protruding tails of CS formed a positively charged shell in the whole range of FUC content(10 wt%nning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy images of dried samples were discussed in relation to the light scattering results.

关键词： Polyelectrolyte complexes Chitosan Hyperbranched fucoidan Light scattering

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nanomotion of bacteria to determine metabolic profile

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nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2024年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： S.n.Pleskova E.V.Lazarenko n.A.Bezrukov r.n.Kriukov A.V.Boryakov M.E.Dokukin S.I.Surodin research Laboratory of Scanning Probe Microscopy Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny NovgorodNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Department of nanotechnology and Biotechnology Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a.R.E.AlekseevNizhny Novgorod 603950Russia Sarov Physics and Technology Institute National Research Nuclear University MEPhISarov 607186Russia

In addition to their visible motion such as swimming(e.g.,with the help ofﬂagella),bacteria can also exhibit nanomotion that is detectable only with highly sensitive instruments,and this study shows that it is possible to detect bacterial nanomotion using an AFM detection system.The results show that the nanomotion characteristics depend on the bacterial strain,and that nanomotion can be used to sense the metabolic activity of bacteria because the oscillations are sensitive to the food preferences of the bacteria and the type of surrounding medium.

关键词： nanomotion Bacteria Cantilever Oscillation Atomic force microscopy Metabolism

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Ion heat transport in electron cyclotron resonance heated L-mode plasma on the T-10 tokamak

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 52-60页

作者： V.A.KrUPIn M.r.nUrGALIEV A.r.nEMETS I.A.ZEMTSOV S.D.SUnTSOV T.B.MYALTOn D.S.SErGEEV n.A.SOLOVEV D.V.SArYCHEV D.V.rYJAKOV S.n.TUGArInOV n.n.nAUMEnKO national research Centre“Kurchatov Institute” Moscow 123182Russia Bauman Moscow State Technical University Moscow 105005Russia Institution“Project Center ITEr” Moscow 123098Russia JSC“SOLAr” Minsk 220034Belarus

Anomalous ion heat transport is analyzed in the T-10 tokamak plasma heated with electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECrH) in second-harmonic extra-ordinary mode. Predictive modeling with empirical scaling for Ohmical heat conductivity shows that in ECrH plasmas the calculated ion temperature could be overestimated, so an increase of anomalous ion heat transport is required. To study this effect two scans are presented: over the EC resonance position and over the ECrH power. The EC resonance position varies from the high-field side to the low-field side by variation of the toroidal magnetic field. The scan over the heating power is presented with on-axis and mixed ECrH regimes. Discharges with high anomalous ion heat transport are obtained in all considered regimes. In these discharges the power balance ion heat conductivity exceeds the neoclassical level by up to 10 times. The high ion heat transport regimes are distinguished by three parameters: the ratio Te/Ti, the normalized electron density gradient r/■, and the ion–ion collisionality νii~*. The combination of high Te/Ti, high νii~*, and r/■=6-10 results in values of normalized anomalous ion heat fluxes up to 10 times higher than in the low transport scenario.

关键词： tokamak L-mode electron cyclotron resonance heating ion heat transport

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