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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2015年第6期3卷 77-82页

作者： Sameh Adib Abou Rafee Ana Beatriz Kawashima Marcos Vinícius Bueno de Morais viviana urbina Leila Droprinchinski Martins Jorge Alberto Martins Department of Physics Federal University of Technology-ParanaLondrinaBrazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology-ParanaLondrinaBrazil Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Land cover classification is one of the main components of the modern weather research and forecasting models, which can influence the meteorological variable, and in turn the concentration of air pollutants. In this study the impact of using two traditional land use classifications, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), were evaluated. The Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF, version 3.2.1) was run for the period 18 - 22 August, 2014 (dry season) at a grid spacing of 3 km centered on the city of Manaus. The comparison between simulated and ground-based observed data revealed significant differences in the meteorological fields, for instance, the temperature. Compared to USGS, MODIS classification showed better skill in representing observed temperature for urban areas of Manaus, while the two files showed similar results for nearby areas. The analysis of the files suggests that the better quality of the simulations favorable to the MODIS file is straightly related to its better representation of urban class of land use, which is observed to be not adequately represented by USGS.

关键词： Land Use and Land Cover Classification Regional Modeling Studies Urban Air Quality

Estimates and Spatial Distribution of Emissions from Sugar Cane Bagasse Fired Thermal Power Plants in Brazil

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2015年第6期3卷 72-76页

作者： Ana Beatriz Kawashima Marcos Vinícius Bueno de Morais Leila Droprinchinski Martins viviana urbina Sameh Adib Abou Rafee Maurício Nonato Capucim Jorge Alberto Martins Department of Physics Federal University of Technology-ParanaLondrinaBrazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology-ParanaLondrinaBrazil Department of Atmospheric Sciences University of Sao PauloSao PauloBrazil

Sugar cane bagasse is one of the largest fuels used for electricity generation in Brazil and its usage has continuously increased to supply the energy demand. This paper presents emission inventory based on power plants burning sugar cane bagasse. The inventory involves the spatial distribution and the estimated flows for the following major pollutants: nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate material (PM), carbon dioxide (CO2) and total organic carbon (TOC). A total of 384 power plants were inventoried, representing a generated power of 9.9 GW, about 26% of the energy produced by thermal power plants sector. The plants are concentrated in two main poles: one of them in S?o Paulo State and nearby areas and the other one in coast of Brazilian Northeast. The limits proposed by the AP-42 Regulations of the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) for the emission factors were applied. Additional emission factors identified in the scientific literature were also included in the analysis in order to assess the uncertainties associated to the estimative. The estimated emissions showed values in the range 16.0 - 20.5 Gg?year?1 for NOx, 18.0 - 267.0 Gg?year?1 for MP and 20.5 - 26.7 Tg?year?1 for CO2. The contribution of TOC showed a minor contribution around 10 - 20 Mg?year?1. PM showed to be the most representative pollutant emitted by the thermal plants burning sugar cane bagasse, but with a large range of uncertainty. There is a high level of uncertainty associated to the preparation of cane as well as the use of collectors to control particulate emissions. The adequate control over all stages could reduce the bagasse ash content in 90% or more.

关键词： Atmospheric Emissions Inventory Air Pollution Stationary Sources Sugarcane Bagasse

Lower marine productivity increases agonistic interactions between sea lions and fur seals in Northern Pacific Patagonia

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Current Zoology 2022年第6期68卷 657-666页

作者： Felipe MONTALVA Hector PAVES Diego PEREZ-VENEGAS Karin G BARRIENTOS E Carola VALENCIA Diego MIRANDA-urbina Mauricio SEGUEL Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas Pontificia Universidad Catolica de ChileSantiagoChile Departamento de Ciencias Basicas Facultad de CienciasUniversidad Santo TomasOsornoChile Centro de Investigacion y Gestion de Recursos Naturales(CIGREN) Instituto de BiologıaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de ValparaısoValparaısoChile Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Agrarias Escuela de Graduados de laFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y AlimentariasUniversidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Sede PatagoniaUniversidad San SebastianPuerto MonttChile Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas Universidad de TalcaTalcaChile Department of Pathobiology Ontario Veterinary CollegeUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada

Interspecific interactions are key drivers of individual and population-level fitness in a wide range of ***,in marine ecosystems,it is relatively unknown which biotic and abiotic factors impact behavioral interactions between competing *** assessed the impact of weather,marine productivity,and population structure on the behavioral agonistic interactions between South American fur seals(SAFSs),Arctocephalus australis,and South American sea lions(SASLs),Otaria byronia,in a breeding colony of *** hypothesized that agonistic interactions between SAFSs and SASLs respond to biotic and abiotic factors such as SAFS population structure,marine productivity,and *** found that SASL and SAFS interactions almost always resulted in negative impacts on the social structure or reproductive success of the SAFS *** adult males initiated stampedes of SAFS and/or abducted and predated SAFS *** SAFS males abundance and severe weather events were negatively correlated with agonistic interactions between ***,proxies for lower marine productivity such as higher sea surface temperature and lower catches of demerso-pelagic fish were the most important predictors of more frequent agonistic interactions between SAFS and *** the current scenario of decline in marine biomass due to global climate change and overfishing,agonistic interactions between competing marine predators could increase and exacerbate the negative impacts of environmental change in these species.

关键词： interspecific interactions climate change Guafo Island sea surface temperature South American fur seal South American sea lion

Surface-plasmonic sensor using a columnar thin film in the grating-coupled configuration [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2021年第8期19卷 121-129页

作者： Kiran Mujeeb Muhammad Faryad Akhlesh Lakhtakia Julio V.urbina Department of Electronics Quaid-i-Azam UniversityIslamabad 45320Pakistan Department of Physics Lahore University of Management SciencesLahore 54792Pakistan Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Department of Electrical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvania 16802USA

The excitation of a surface-plasmon-polariton(SPP) wave guided by a columnar thin film(CTF) deposited on a one-dimensional metallic surface-relief grating was investigated for sensing the refractive index of a fluid infiltrating that CTF. The Bruggemann homogenization formalism was used to determine the relative permittivity scalars of the CTF infiltrated by the fluid. The change in the refractive index of the fluid was sensed by determining the change in the incidence angle for which an SPP wave was excited on illumination by a p-polarized plane wave, when the plane of incidence was taken to coincide with the grating plane but not with the morphologically significant plane of the CTF. Multiple excitations of the same SPP wave were found to be possible, depending on the refractive index of the fluid, which can help increase the reliability of results by sensing the same fluid with more than one excitation of the SPP wave.

关键词： metal grating multiple excitation rigorous coupled-wave approach sensitivity surface-plasmon-polariton wave

Clinical variants of pityriasis rosea

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第6期5卷 203-211页

作者： Francisco urbina Anupam Das Emilio Sudy Dermatologists in Private Practice Dermatology KPC Medical College and Hospital

Pityriasis rosea(PR) is a common erythemato-squamous dermatosis which almost always, is easily diagnosed. Mostly the disease presents in its classical form. However, clinical dermatology is all about variations and PR is not an exception. Variants of the disease in some cases may be troublesome to diagnose and confuse clinicians. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of the condition becomes necessary to avoid unnecessary investigations. We hereby review and illustrate atypical presentations of the disease, including diverse forms of location and morphology of the lesions, the course of the eruption, and its differential diagnoses.

关键词： Pityriasis Pityriasis rosea Pityriasis rosea of Gibert Herald patch Papulo-squamous dermatosis

Continuous-Flow Removal of Arsenic in Drinking Water by Filtering down through Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ Magnetic Composite

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第5期8卷 619-630页

作者： Virginia Montero-Campos Allen Puente-urbina Centro de Investigación y de Servicios Químicos y Microbiológicos (CEQIATEC) Escuela de Química Tecnológico de Costa Rica Cartago Costa Rica

Natural contamination of world groundwater supplies with arsenic of volcanic origin has become a complicated and growing problem given current shortage of water. Maintenance cost of treatments that are based on ion exchange and reverse osmosis is considered high, in addition to the high production of sludge with such methods. On the other hand, efficiency of treatments employing coagulation/filtration is usually relative, depending on the method of application. Currently, emerging treatments that use nanotechnology are gaining relevance, due to their high efficiency and low cost. These methods are highly selective, with minimum generation of toxic wastes, as long as particle release into the environment is kept under control to avoid health risks. The present study developed filters with magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 (magnetite) supported on porous silica (Fe3O4@SiO2) at a mass ratio of 2:1. The nanoparticles were synthetized by co-precipitation of Fe(II) and Fe(III) using NH4OH(ac) under inert atmosphere. Average sizes of 15 nm were obtained, measured by means of Transmission Electronic Microscopy (TEM) and characterized by X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD);the magnetic power was qualitatively determined. The efficiency of the composite material (Fe3O4@SiO2) was determined in a prototype laboratory with a height of 60 cm and a diameter of 5 cm, assembled with five filters of the composite material, with 1 g each filter. The filters were wrapped in resistant water-porous fabric to favor continuous flow at a ratio of 0.015 L/min. The test was performed with arsenic solutions at (43.7 ± 2.1 μg/L), similar to the amount present in water supplies currently treated in Costa Rica. The removal was completed in 7 minutes with 0 N.T.U and less than 10 μg/L arsenic concentration (maximum limit allowed in Costa Rica), quantified by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with Hy

关键词： Magnetite Drinking Water Arsenic Nanotoxicology

Ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract:What is the evidence in a review?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第40期19卷 6805-6813页

作者： Omar Vergara-Fernandez Luis Alberto Espino-urbina Department of Colorectal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion "Salvador Zubiran"14000 Mexico CityMexico

Broadly,complex fistulas are those that are not low transsphincteric or intersphincteric. The objectives of surgical management are to achieve fistula healing,prevent recurrences and maintain continence. The risk of incontinence associated with treatment ranges from10% to 57%. The objective of this manuscript is to review the current literature to date on the ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract procedure(LIFT procedure) as a treatment option in these types of fistula.A search was conducted in Medline,PUBMED,EMBASE and ISI Web of Knowledge,and studies published from January 2009 to May 2013 were included. The primary outcomes were fistula healing rates,mean healing time and patient satisfaction with this surgical *** studies were included in this review. The total number of patients included was 592(65% male).The median age reported was 42.8 years. The most common type of fistula included was transsphincteric(73.3% of cases). The mean healing rate reported was74.6%. The risk factors for failure discovered were obesity,smoking,multiple previous surgeries and the length of the fistula tract. The mean healing time was5.5 wk,and the mean follow-up period was 42.3 *** patient satisfaction rates ranged from 72% to 100%. No de novo incontinence developed secondary to the LIFT procedure. There is not enough evidence that variants in the surgical technique achieve better outcomes(Bio-LIFT,LIFT-Plug,LIFT-Plus). This review indicates that the LIFT procedure is primarily effective for transsphincteric fistulas with an overall fistula closure of 74.6% and has a low impact on fecal continence. This procedure produces better outcomes at the first surgical attempt.

关键词： Fistula-in-ano Ligation Intersphincteric Fistula tract Incontinence Recurrence Transsphincteric fistula

Evaluation of activity of triclabendazole against Taenia solium metacestode in naturally infected pigs

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第1期9卷 20-23页

作者： Ana Vargas-Calla Luis A.Gomez-Puerta Juan Calcina Omar Gonzales-Viera Cesar Gavidia Maria T.Lopez-urbina Hector H.Garcia Armando E.Gonzalez School of Veterinary Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Cysticercosis Elimination Program and Center for Global Heath Tumbes Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Department of Microbiology School of SciencesUniversidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Objective:To assess the efficacy of triclabendazole(TCBZ) in porcine ***:Eighteen naturally infected cysticercotic pigs were divided into 3 groups of 6 individuals *** first group was treated orally with TCBZ at a single dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight,the second group was treated orally with oxfendazole at a single dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight and the third group received a placebo(control group).All animals were kept under the same management *** pigs were euthanized 17 wk post-treatment and the number of surviving cysts in muscles was assessed and compared between ***:All pigs treated with oxfendazole had only degenerated cysts in their *** contrast,TCBZ had very little effect against the parasitic *** from pigs in the TCBZ group looked apparently normal after ***,histological evaluation showed a mild to moderate degree of ***:TCBZ is not an efficacious drug against Taenia solium cysticercosis in swine using a single dose.

关键词： Taenia solium Cysticercosis Triclabendazole Oxfendazole Treatment

Oxfendazole as successful treatment of Taenia hydatigena metacestodes in naturally infected pigs

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第11期5卷 971-973页

作者： Luis Antonio Gomez-Puerta Armando Emiliano Gonzalez Cesar Gavidia Viterbo Ayvar Hector Hugo Garcia Maria Teresa Lopez-urbina for the Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru School of Veterinary Medicine National University of San Marcos Cysticercosis Elimination Program and Center for Global Health Tumbes Cayetano Heredia University Department of Microbiology School of SciencesCayetano Heredia University

The efficacy of oxfendazole(OFZ) on Taenia hydatigena metacestodes, also called Cysticercus tenuicollis(C. tenuicollis), was studied in 648 raising pigs. This study was performed in Tumbes Department in Peru, an endemic area for cysticercosis. Pigs were randomized in two groups; untreated group(n = 142) did not receive any treatment and treated group(n = 506) received OFZ treatment at a single dose of 30 mg/kg body *** months after treatment, the pigs were necropsied. The prevalence of infection by C. tenuicollis among the pigs was 27.5%(39/142) and 2.0%(10/506) in untreated and treated groups, respectively. Untreated group was infested only with viable cysts, whereas treated group had no viable cysts. All the cysts found in treated group presented degeneration, with a thick membrane, and they contained milky fluid and fibrous tissue. A single dose of OFZ was effective against C. tenuicollis, thus providing an alternative drug for controlling this parasite in pigs.

关键词： Taenia hydatigena Cysticercus tenuicollis Oxfendaz

Chemical Evaluation of Groundwater from Supply Wells in the State of Coahuila,Mexico

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第1期6卷 49-54页

作者： Hugo Saldarriaga-Norena Iliana de la Garza-Rodriguez Stefan Waliszewski Edith Colunga-urbina Omar Amador-Munoz Mayela Moreno-Davila Rodrigo Morales-Cueto Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosCuernavacaMéxico Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas Universidad Autónoma de CoahuilaSaltilloMexico Instituto de Medicina Forense Universidad VeracruzanaVeracruzMexico Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoCiudad de MexicoMexico

The present study is conducted with the purpose of determining the chemical characteristics of groundwater that supplies 16 wells in the state of Coahuila, which are used for different human activities. Sampling was conducted in January 2011. For 56% of the fifteen wells tested, analysis did not detect the presence of aluminum;however, wells 2, 3, 6, 8 and 13 had concentrations above the permissible limit established by the Mexican standard NOM-127-SSA1-1994. For cadmium, only the well 3 was above the Norm. Meanwhile, iron was above the permissible limit in eight wells (2, 4, 5, 6, 9, 12, 13 and 15). Lead exceeded the limit in wells 6, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12. In general, for the rest of the parameters listed in the Norm, values were below allowable limits. By using Piper diagrams, it was observed that in general, the waters tested showed characteristic calcium bicarbonate. By establishing a matrix of correlations between chemical parameters, it was observed that the highest significant correlations occurred among carbonate hardness, calcium, lead and total alkalinity, with r2 values greater than 0.82. Also, high correlations were found between some metal species, suggesting a common origin. The allowed Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis establish the associations between all analyzed physicochemical parameters, and they also determine the wells with similar characteristics.

关键词： Groundwater Coahuila Physicochemical Parameters Piper’s Diagram PCA