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Characterization of Mycobacterium Species Circulating among Tuberculosis Patients in Bayelsa State, Nigeria

Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2023年第3期11卷 95-108页

作者： Smart Enoch Amala Goodluck Silas Amba Ollor Ollor vivian nkemkanma agi Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Bayelsa State Ministry of Health Yenagoa Nigeria

Introduction: Tuberculosis is caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Looking at the evolution of the bacterium gene due to mutation is crucial to identify species circulating among patients in an area. WHO speculated that tuberculosis is caused by M. tuberculosis (MTB), but identification of the strains of MTB circulating in a particular area is important for the management of MTB and to identify pulmonary infections caused by non-tuberculosis mycobacterium. Contact tracing of drug resistant MTB in circulation in an area is also an important procedure of MTB therapeutic choice. Aim: This study aimed to isolate and identify Mycobacterium species circulating in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 sputum samples collected from MTB patients were cultured in Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) solid media. Isolates on LJ media were confirmed using Zeihl Nelseen staining method for AFB and Standard Diagnosis Bioline TB Ag MPT64 Rapid test kit. The 16s rRNA gene amplification, agarose gel electrophoresis, and gene sequencing were conducted. Phylogenic analysis and evolutional distances of the strains are computed using the Juke-cantor method. Result: Out of 102 sputum samples examined 15 (14.7%) had growth of Mycobacterium species (AFB positive). The extracted DNA of MTB amplified on agarose gel electrophoresis aligned horizontally at lanes 1 - 15 showing 16S gene band (1500 bp). Two 2 (2.0%) are non-tuberculosis Mycobacteria species, while 13 (12.7%) were M. tuberculosis. The non-tuberculosis Mycobacterium species isolated are Mycobacteriode abscesses and Mycobacterium kansassii strain FDAARGOS 1534. The tuberculosis strains are Mycobacterium tuberculosis MG003 and R2092 but the predominant strain was MG003. The degree of the genetic evolution of the non-MTB Mycobacterium kansassii strain FDAARGOS 1534 was 75.4%. Conclusion: The two major strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) circulating in Bayelsa State are MTB MG003 and MTB R2092;MTB MG0

关键词： Tuberculosis Non-Tuberculosis Strains Circulating Bayelsa

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Antibiogram, Genomic and Phylogeny of Stool and Seafood Isolates from Some Cholera-Prone Coastal Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第4期11卷 385-406页

作者： Chidimma Anthonia Azike vivian nkemkanma agi Easter Godwin Nwokah Amba Ollor Ollor Clement Ugochukwu Nyenke Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria PAMO University of Medical Sciences Port Harcourt Nigeria

Cholera is a significant public health threat across the globe, especially in coastal regions with poor water supply. This study was carried out to determine the antibiogram, genomic, and phylogeny of stool and seafood isolates from some cholera-prone coastal communities in Rivers State, Nigeria. A total of 400 stool samples and 42 different seafood were aseptically collected and examined using standard microbiology and molecular techniques. An antibiogram of isolates from seafood and stool samples was assayed. Genes for virulence, resistance, and relatedness of bacteria identified were also determined. The isolates from the stool and seafood were examined for susceptibility to some selected antibiotics. The findings showed the prevalence rate of cholera in the communities as follows: 16% in Kaa, 30% in Andoni, 4% in Ogu/Bolo, and 10% in Abua/Odual. The isolates from stool were susceptible to Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin with a susceptibility rate of 94.12% each while 100% resistance was recorded against Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 94.12% against Amikacin and 88.24% against Colistin. For the sea foods, the isolates were susceptible to gentamycin and ciprofloxacin with a susceptibility rate of 91.43% and 82.86% respectively. Resistance was also recorded against Colistin (88.57%) and Azithromycin (82.86%). Testing the isolates for the presence of 16SrRNA genes showed that all were positive with 1500 bp 16SrRNA gene band size. TEM, OXA, SHV, and CTX-M resistant genes were detected whereas the virulence genes were TDH and AcrB. The phylogenetic analysis revealed isolates from seafood to be Aeromonas dhakensis, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio azureus, and Providencia rettgeri, while in stool samples they were Enterobacter sichuanensis, Enterobacter hormaechei, Providencia sneebia, and Proteus vulgaris. Providencia stuartii, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were common isolates from both seafood and stool samples. Thi

关键词： Cholera Antibiogram Genomics Phylogeny Virulence Coastal

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Evaluation of the Impact of Hydrocarbon-Generated Soot on Antibiotics Susceptibility of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>and <i>Escherichia coli</i>Isolates

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第9期11卷 444-452页

作者： Smart Enoch Amala Nina Omeniwhu Agwor nkemkanma vivian agi Tombari Pius Monsi Microbiology Unit Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Microbiology Rivers State University Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: The antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial interaction with soot, a by-product of incomplete combustion of fossil fuel, has not been established. Aim: The study aimed to establish the antibiotics susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli exposed to soot. Method: The bacteria were exposed to 12.5%, 25%, and 50% concentrations of soot at different time intervals. Control bacterial cultures without exposure to soot were also carried out. These cultures were incubated for 24 hrs. The numbers of surviving bacteria were determined by analyzing 10 μL of the incubated cultures at 6 hrs and 24 hrs on tryptone soy agar. Again, the bacteria were inoculated on Mueller Hinton agar and subjected to antibiotics susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method. Results: After 6 hrs of exposure, the number of E. coli in the absence of soot was 102.50 ± 3.54 × 103 CFU/mL while at 12.5%, 25%, and 50% of soot, the surviving E. coli were 26.00 ± 1.41 (p = 0.0012), 21.00 ± 1.41 (p = 0.0011) and 5.50 ± 2.12 (p = 0.0009) × 103 CFU/mL respectively. Similarly, the population of S. aureus without soot was 122.5 ± 3.53 × 104 CFU/mL while at 12.5%, 25.0% and 50.0% of soot, the surviving S. aureus 46.00 ± 2.83 (p = 0.0017), 23.00 ± 1.41 (p = 0.0007) and 11.50 ± 2.12 (p = 0.0007) × 104 CFU/mL respectively. Similar results were obtained after 24 hrs of exposure. The soot shows some level of potency in reducing the number of E. coli and S. aureus significantly (p S. aureus), there was resistance to all the antibiotics while at 0 hr there was sensitivity to these drugs. Conclusion: These results suggest that while soot has some potency on E. coli and S. aureus, their exposure t

关键词： Soot Drug Resistance Virulence Biofilm Antibiotics

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Prevalence of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C in Rivers State University, Port Harcourt: Outcome of a Medical Outreach

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 692-705页

作者： Ibioku Elekima Moore Ikechi Mike-Ogburia Chinyere Omereji-David Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe Easter Godwin Nwokah Ibitoroko Maureen George-Opuda nkemkanma vivian agi Tombari Pius Monsi Ollor Amba Ollor Ozioma Chiagoziem Okoro Ngozi Brisibe Adline Erinma Ben-Chioma Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Infectious diseases associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) continue to pose significant public health challenges that necessitate continuous surveillance and interventions. This study investigates the prevalence of HIV, HBV and HCV infections within the academic community of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Given the potential for transmission in university settings and the importance of early detection and intervention, this research explores the extent of these infections and evaluates the outcomes of a medical outreach program aimed at addressing them. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was employed to recruit 513 participants using a convenience sampling approach between the 20th and 22nd of April 2022. Participants included students and staff members who voluntarily consented to the medical outreach and study. Serological assays were utilized to identify HIV, HBV and HCV infections. The medical outreach program’s design, implementation, and outcomes were evaluated, focusing on testing uptake, counselling utilization, and linkage to care. Statistical analysis employed GraphPad Prism version 9 software. Result: The study revealed low prevalence rates of HIV (0.6%), HBV (1.2%), and HCV (0.6%) infections within the university population. Age-based analysis indicated a slightly higher prevalence in the 15 - 24 age group. Gender-wise, HBV showed a marginal difference, with 1.3% among females and 0.9% among males. The medical outreach program achieved a testing uptake of 80.8%, with 75% utilizing counselling services, and 75% of those identified with infections successfully linked to care. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence of infections and the effectiveness of a medical outreach program within a university community. While low prevalence rates are encouraging, the findings emphasize the continued importance o

关键词： HIV Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Medical Outreach

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Evaluation of the Impact of Hydrocarbon-Generated Soot on Antibiotics Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Isolates

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Advances in Microbiology（微生物学） 2021年第9期

作者： Smart Enoch Amala Nina Omeniwhu Agwor nkemkanma vivian agi Tombari Pius Monsi

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