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Freestanding region-responsive bilayer for functional packaging of ingestible devices

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第3期9卷 285-295页

作者： Michael A.Straker Joshua A.Levy Justin M.Stine vivian borbash Luke A.Beardslee Reza Ghodssi Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Institute for Systems Research University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Robert E.Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20850USA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20740USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA

Ingestible capsules have the potential to become an attractive alternative to traditional means of treating and detecting gastrointestinal(GI)*** device complexity increases,so too does the demand for more effective capsule packaging technologies to elegantly target specific GI *** pH-responsive coatings have been traditionally used for the passive targeting of specific GI regions,their application is limited due to the geometric restrictions imposed by standard coating ***,pan,and spray coating methods only enable the protection of microscale unsupported openings against the harsh GI ***,some emerging technologies have millimeter-scale components for performing functions such as sensing and drug *** this end,we present the freestanding region-responsive bilayer(FRRB),a packaging technology for ingestible capsules that can be readily applied for various functional ingestible capsule *** bilayer is composed of rigid polyethylene glycol(PEG)under a flexible pH-responsive Eudragit®FL 30 D 55,which protects the contents of the capsule until it arrives in the targeted intestinal *** FRRB can be fabricated in a multitude of shapes that facilitate various functional packaging mechanisms,some of which are demonstrated *** this paper,we characterize and validate the use of this technology in a simulated intestinal environment,confirming that the FRRB can be tuned for small intestinal *** also show a case example where the FRRB is used to protect and expose a thermomechanical actuator for targeted drug delivery.

关键词： coating packaging attractive

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On Eccentric Connectivity Index and Connectivity

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第7期35卷 1205-1216页

作者： vivian MUKUNGUNUGWA Simon MUKWEMBI Department of Mathematics University of Zimbabwe

Let G be a finite connected graph. The eccentric connectivity index ξ^c(G) of G is defined as ξ^c(G)=∑v∈V(G)ec(υ)deg(υ), where ec(v) and deg(υ) denote the eccentricity and degree of a vertex v in G, respectively. In this paper, we give an asymptotically sharp upper bound on the eccentric connectivity index in terms of order and vertex-connectivity and in terms of order and edge-connectivity. We also improve the bounds for triangle-free graphs.

关键词： Extremal graph order diameter vertex-connectivity edge-connectivity

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scLink:Inferring Sparse Gene Co-expression Networks fromSingle-cell Expression Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2021年第3期19卷 475-492页

作者： Wei vivian Li Yanzeng Li Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Rutgers School of Public HealthRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

A system-level understanding of the regulation and coordination mechanisms of gene expression is essential for studying the complexity of biological processes in health and *** the rapid development of single-cell RNA sequencing technologies,it is now possible to investigate gene interactions in a cell type-specific *** we propose the scLink method,which uses statistical network modeling to understand the co-expression relationships among genes and construct sparse gene co-expression networks from single-cell gene expression *** use both simulation and real data studies to demonstrate the advantages of scLink and its ability to improve single-cell gene network *** scLink R package is available at https://***/vivianstats/scLink.

关键词： Gene co-expression network Single-cell RNA sequencing Network modeling Robust correlation

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Angioedema associated with Crohn's disease:Response to biologics

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第34期18卷 4787-4790页

作者： Flavio Habal vivian Huang Department of Gastroenterology University Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoToronto ON M5G 2C4Canada

A 46-year-old female patient with terminal ileum Crohn’s disease and ankylosing spondylitis presented with recurrent angioedema and urticaria. Investigations ruled out hereditary angioedema, and environmental or food allergen triggers. She was diagnosed with chronic idiopathic urticaria with angioedema, and was treated with a trial of intravenous immunoglobulin immunotherapy, danazol, prednisone and hydroxyzine. Due to ongoing bowel and arthritic complaints, she was started on infliximab infusions and within 2 treatments, she had complete resolution of the angioedema and urticaria, as well as of the bowel and arthritic symptoms. Unfortunately she developed allergic reactions to the infliximab and was switched to another anti-tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-a agent, adalimumab. Since then, she has had no further angioedema or urticaria, and her Crohn’s disease has been quiescent. This is the first known case report of chronic idiopathic urticaria with angioedema coexistent with Crohn’s disease that was successfully treated with anti-TNF-α agents.

关键词： Angioedema Anti-tumor necrosis factor-α Biologics Crohn's disease Cytokines Inflammatorybowel disease Infliximab Urticaria

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Endoscopic resection of superficial gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4600-4606页

作者： Giovannini Marc Cesar vivian Lopes Endoscopic Unit Paoli-Calmettes Institute232 Bd St-Marguerite Cedex 13273 France

Therapeutic endoscopy plays a major role in the management of gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasia. Its indications can be generalized into four broad categories; to remove or obliterate neoplastic lesion, to palliate malignant obstruction, or to treat bleeding. Only endoscopic resection allows complete histological staging of the cancer, which is critical as it allows stratification and refinement for further treatment. Although other endoscopic techniques, such as ablation therapy, may also cure early GI cancer, they can not provide a definitive pathological specimen. Early stage lesions reveal low frequency of lymph node metastasis which allows for less invasive treatments and thereby improving the quality of life when compared to surgery. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are now accepted worldwide as treatment modalities for early cancers of the GI tract.

关键词： Superficial gastrointestinal cancers Endoscopic mucosal resection Endoscopic submucosaldissection Lymph node spreading Esophagus Stomach Colorectal

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Cyst fluid glucose: An alternative to carcinoembryonic antigen for pancreatic mucinous cysts

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第19期25卷 2271-2278页

作者： César vivian Lopes Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Santa Casa Hospital

Pancreatic cystic lesions(PCLs) have been increasingly recognized in clinical practice. Although inflammatory cysts(pseudocysts) are the most common PCLs detected by cross-sectional imaging modalities in symptomatic patients in a setting of acute or chronic pancreatitis, incidental pancreatic cysts with no symptoms or history of pancreatitis are usually neoplastic cysts. For these lesions,it is imperative to identify mucinous cysts(intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and mucinous cystic neoplasms) due to the risk of their progression to malignancy. However, no single imaging modality alone is sufficient for a definitive diagnosis of all PCLs. The cyst fluid obtained by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration provides additional information for the differential diagnosis of PCLs. Current recommendations suggest sending cyst fluid for cytology evaluation and measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) levels. Unfortunately, the sensitivity of cytology is greatly limited, and cyst fluid CEA has demonstrated insufficient accuracy as a predictor of mucinous cysts. More recently, cyst fluid glucose has emerged as an alternative to CEA for distinguishing between mucinous and nonmucinous lesions. Herein, the clinical utility of cyst fluid glucose and CEA for the differential diagnosis of PCLs was evaluated.

关键词： Carcinoembryonic antigen Differential diagnosis Fine-needle biopsy Glucose Pancreatic cyst Tumor marker

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Antibodies and liver transplantation

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第2期8卷 184-185页

作者： vivian McAlister Department of Surgery University of Western OntarioLondonONCanada

A few years ago,I had an opportunity to collaborate with Professor Haitao Zhao and Dr Ruoyu Miao of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital(PUMCH).To witness their superior clinical and research programs would have been reward enough for a visit to Beijing,but I was also blessed to meet Professor Yilei *** I had observed him complete complex liver surgery at PUMCH,Professor Mao informed me of plans to start a new high quality journal dedicated to the science of liver disease and nutrition.I knew it would be a ***,I was greatly honored to be invited to guest-edit a special issue of the journal.

关键词： journal enough opportunity

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Mitophagy:From the dark into the spotlight

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Molecular Plant 2023年第10期16卷 1487-1489页

作者： vivian Schmitt Olivier Van Aken Department of Biology Lund UniversityLundSweden

Despite the generally placid appearance of plants,many dynamicprocesses take place inside a plant *** such process thathas garnered attention in recent years is termed"autophagy."While originally discovered in yeast,our understanding of autophagy in plants has improved *** is considered a cellular recycling system in which cellular components oreven entire organelles can be encapsulated by a membranestructure(autophagosome)and then transported to the vacuole(in plants)for degradation and re-use.

关键词： attention organelle spite

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From conception to delivery: Managing the pregnant inflammatory bowel disease patient

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3495-3506页

作者： vivian W Huang Flavio M Habal Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2X8Canada Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoToronto ON M5G 2C4Canada

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)typically affects patients during their adolescent and young adult *** these are the reproductive years,patients and physicians often have concerns regarding the interaction between IBD,medications and surgery used to treat IBD,and reproduction,pregnancy outcomes,and neonatal *** have shown a lack of knowledge among both patients and physicians regarding reproductive issues in *** the literature is constantly expanding regarding these very issues,with this review,we provide a comprehensive,updated overview of the literature on the management of the IBD patient from conception to delivery,and provide action tips to help guide the clinician in the management of the IBD patient during pregnancy.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pregnancy Biologics Neonatal outcomes

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MiRNA as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第30期20卷 10432-10439页

作者： vivian Yvonne Shin Kent-Man Chu Department of Surgery The University of Hong KongQueen Mary Hospital

Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) is the hallmark of this disease. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNAs that are involved in many biological processes (e.g., cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and development) through gene repression. Deregulation of miRNA expression in gastric tumors and cancer cell lines have been documented to contribute in tumorigenesis, and the expression signature may correlate with different cancer types and clinicopathological features. Here, we summarized the updated gastric cancer-associated miRNAs and the downstream targets in the process of tumorigenesis. Recently, many researchers make use of the miRNA microarray platform to profile miRNA expression in gastric cancer and correlated with different clinical parameters. Its application on cancer diagnosis, prognosis and predicting treatment response rate are still underway and needs further investigation. Emerging roles of miRNAs with oncogenic or tumor suppressive properties in gastric tumorigenesis were discussed. Epigenetic silencing of miRNA by hypermethylation of promoter CpG island was also observed in gastric cancer. However, detailed mechanisms of how miRNAs regulate gene expression in gastric cancer has not been well studied. In this review, we highlight the up-to-date findings on the deregulated miRNAs in gastric cancer, and the potential use of miRNA in the clinical settings, such as diagnostic/prognostic markers and chemotherapeutic tools.

关键词： MicroRNA Gastric cancer Biomarker Diagnosis Prognosis Clinical application

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