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Resilience, the 6th Vital Sign: Conceptualizing, Contextualizing, and Operationalizing All Six Vital Signs

Health 2024年第7期16卷 657-673页

作者： Rose E. Constantino Betty J. Braxter Chi Ching vivian hui Larissa C. Allen Lillian J. Wolfe Katherine H. Endres Jezyl Cempron Cutamora Laurence L. Garcia Daisy R. Palompon Kathleen Thimsen Brayden N. Kameg Margarete L. Zalon Department of Health and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Undergraduate Affairs School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China School of Nursing Adjunct Faculty at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Health Promotion and Development School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA College of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas USA Department of Health and Community Systems University of Pittsburgh PA USA Department of Nursing University of Scranton Scranton PA USA

There are five vital signs that healthcare providers assess: temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, and pain. Normal levels for the five vital signs are published by the American Heart Association, and other specialty organizations, however, the sixth vital sign (resilience) which adopts the measure of immune resilience is suggested in this paper. Resilience is the ability of the immune system to respond to attacks and defend effectively against infections and inflammatory stressors, and psychological resilience is the capacity to resist, adapt, recover, thrive, and grow from a challenge or a stressor. Individuals with better optimal immune resilience had better health outcomes than those with minimal immune resilience. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize, contextualize, and operationalize all six vital signs. We suggest measuring resilience subjectively and objectively. Subjectively, use a 5-item guided interview revised from the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CDRC), a scale of 10 items. The revised CDRC scale is a 5-item scale. The scale is rated on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (not true) to 4 (true all the time). The total score ranges from 0 to 20, with higher total scores indicating greater resilience. The scale demonstrated good construct validity and internal consistency (α = 0.85) during the development of the scale. The CD-RISC had a good Cronbach’s alpha level of 0.85. The Revised CD-RISC can be completed in 2 - 4 minutes. To measure resilience objectively, we suggest using Immune Resilience (IR) levels, the level of resilience to preserve and/or rapidly restore immune resilience functions that promote disease resistance and control inflammation and other inflammatory stress. IR levels are gauged with two peripheral blood metrics that quantify the balance between CD8 and CD4 T-cell levels and gene expression signatures tracking longevity-associated immunocompetence and mortality- or entropy-associated inflammation. IR deregulation i

关键词： Conceptualization Contextualization Operationalization Body Temperature Pulse Respiration Blood Pressure Pain Resilience

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Clinical Judgment Development: Six Steps to Establish Professional Identity and Role-Specific Competencies in Caring for a Sexual Assault Survivor

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Health 2022年第1期14卷 23-37页

作者： Rose Eva Constantino Larissa C. Allen vivian hui Kelly M. Nitowski Brayden Kameg Amy S. Bowser Rebecca Burkart Betty Braxter Department of Health and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA

Background: Clinical judgment is a specific role that establishes a professional identity. The purpose of this paper is to prepare nursing students to make better judgments in the clinical setting and realign learning and teaching. Methods: We used six steps to arrive at a competent clinical judgment suggested by the National Council State Board of Nursing (NSCBN) as a clinical judgment model 1) recognizing cues, 2) analyzing cues, 3) prioritizing hypotheses, 4) generating solutions, 5) taking an action, and 6) evaluating outcomes during the head-to-toe examination of the patient. Results: The primary outcomes are stabilization of the hemodynamics of the patient and prevention of further blood loss. Fluids are being given to help keep the vascular volume from being depleted, but they cannot solve the underlying problem. Continued assessment, intervention, and monitoring of vital signs through the course of the hospital stay ending with the patient’s discharge. Discussion: Survivors of sexual assault are unique for a nurse to provide care. The nurse needs to assess, intervene, monitor, and pay attention to detail of the 6 steps to clinical judgment, resulting in positive outcomes for their patient. Conclusions: Forensic nursing is a field of nursing that focuses on sexual assault survivor care and works to make the aftermath of their tragic situation easier to cope with. Strengthening clinical judgment skills could remedy significant mistakes made by novice forensic nurses. Critical thinking and clinical ethical reasoning are the building blocks of clinical judgment.

关键词： Analyze Cues Clinical Judgment Evaluate Outcomes Generate Solutions Prioritize Hypotheses Recognize Cues

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Is Intimate Partner Violence a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease in Women? A Review of the Preponderance of the Evidence

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Health 2019年第6期11卷 841-854页

作者： Rose Eva Constantino Alona D. Angosta Andrew Thomas Reyes Brayden Kameg Linden Wu Jordan Cobb vivian hui Daisy Palompon Reema Safadi Mayada Daibes Elizabeth Schlenk Department of Health and Community Systems School of Nursing University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA School of Nursing University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas USA School of Nursing Cebu Normal University Cebu City Philippines School of Nursing University of Jordan Amman Jordan Philadelphia University Amman Jordan

This paper examines the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) experience in women and cardiovascular disease (CVD), and determines if there is a preponderance of literature evidence. Research is reviewed dealing with the different biopsychosocial factors affecting the relationship between IPV and CVD. As a result of our review, we propose a framework on the biopsychosocial pathway of IPV as a risk factor of CVD of women. Our proposed framework portrays how IPV experiences contribute to long-term biopsychosocial changes that increase the risk of CVD among female victims of IPV. These biopsychosocial changes include chronic inflammation and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, metabolic or endocrine dysfunction, and mood symptomatology. In our framework, we also included strategies to prevent risks in developing CVD through the three levels of prevention. Because gender disparities exist when examining CVD risk and development, the correlation between IPV and CVD risk in women must be explored. This framework may provide a theoretical foundation for further research on the relationship between IPV and CVD among women.

关键词： Intimate Partner Violence Cardiovascular Disease Women

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Quantitative structure-activity relationships of antimicrobial fatty acids and derivatives against Staphylococcus aureus

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2012年第2期13卷 83-93页

作者： hui ZHANG Lu ZHANG Li-juan PENG Xiao-wu DONG Di WU vivian Chi-Hua WU Feng-qin FENG Department of Food Science and Nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition University of MaineOrono 04469USA

Fatty acids and derivatives(FADs)are resources for natural *** order to screen for additional potent antimicrobial agents,the antimicrobial activities of FADs against Staphylococcus aureus were examined using a microplate *** of fatty acids were the most potent class of fatty acids,among which monotridecanoin possessed the most potent antimicrobial *** conventional quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR)and comparative molecular field analysis(CoMFA)were performed to establish two statistically reliable models(conventional QSAR:R2=0.942,Q 2 LOO=0.910;CoMFA:R 2=0.979,Q 2=0.588,respectively).Improved forecasting can be achieved by the combination of these two models that provide a good insight into the structureactivity relationships of the FADs and that may be useful to design new FADs as antimicrobial agents.

关键词： Fatty acid derivatives Quantitative structure-activity relationship Comparative molecular field analysis Antimicrobial activity

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A Meta-Analytic Review of Current CALL Research on Second Language Learning

A Meta-Analytic Review of Current CALL Research on Second La...

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2009 IEEE International Symposium on IT in Medicine & Education(ITME2009)

作者： TANG hui-wen vivian Department of Applied English Ming Chuan University

To access the research methods and data analysis procedures employed by research studies investigating the applications of computer-assisted language learning （CALL） to enhance second/foreign language learning,the study made extensive search for scholarly articles published from 2000 to *** contributions of quantitative research on computerassisted second/foreign language learning were reviewed under the categories of research designs,data analysis techniques,skill areas/language taught and the trends of CALL types *** of the study showed that frequently used research methods were pre-post-test control group experimental and within subject experimental research *** of the meta-analytic review also indicated that new data analysis techniques were introduced into the field of computer-assisted second/foreign language learning *** overall interest in implementing technology in second language learning was reflected by the increasing number of research studies on computer mediated communication （CMC） and web-based *** study concluded that there was obviously still a pressing need among the research community for valid research designs and statistical *** is recommended that to meet professional standards,more inferential statistics be applied to provide generalized and significant research findings.

关键词： meta-analytic review computer mediated communication structural equation model

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Effect of type-2 astrocytes on the viability of dorsal root ganglion neurons and length of neuronal processes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第2期9卷 119-128页

作者： Chunling Fan hui Wang Dan Chen Xiaoxin Cheng Kun Xiong Xuegang Luo Qilin Cao Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South University The vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery UT Medical School at Houston

The role of type-2 astrocytes in the repair of central nervous system injury remains poorly un- derstood. In this study, using a relatively simple culture condition in vitro, type-2 astrocytes, differentiated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells by induction with bone morphogenetic pro- tein-4, were co-cultured with dorsal root ganglion neurons. We examined the effects of type-2 astrocytes differentiated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells on the survival and growth of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Results demonstrated that the number of dorsal root ganglion neurons was higher following co-culture of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and type-2 astrocytes than when cultured alone, but lower than that of neurons co-cultured with type-1 astrocytes. The length of the longest process and the length of all processes of a single neuron were shortest in neurons cultured alone, followed by neurons co-cultured with type-2 astroc^es, then neurons co-cultured with oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and longest in neurons co-cultured with type-1 astrocytes. These results indicate that co-culture with type-2 astrocytes can increase neuronal survival rate and process length. However, compared with type-1 astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, the promotion effects of type-2 astrocytes on the growth of dorsal root ganglion neurons were weaker.

关键词： nerve regeneration spinal cord injury oligodendrocyte oligodendrocyte precursor cells astrocytes bone morphogenetic protein neurons neurites dorsal root ganglion NIH grant neuralregeneration

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大鼠钝性脊髓损伤后BMPRIa型受体的表达

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南方医科大学学报 2011年第7期31卷 1124-1130页

作者：李华凤江兴华邹定全曹启林吕静李媛张慧芳王亚平四川大学华西第二医院西部妇幼医学研究院发育与疾病实验室麻醉科妇儿疾病与出生缺陷教育部重点实验室四川成都610041 中南大学湘雅二医院麻醉科湖南长沙410011 The vivian L Smith Department of Neurosurgery University of Texas Medical School at Houston

目的观察脊髓损伤后BMPRIa型受体的表达。方法运用免疫组织化学方法,首先检测3种BMP受体(BMPR)Ia、Ib、II型在正常成体大鼠脊髓中的表达分布。运用大鼠钝性脊髓损伤模型,以150kdyn的撞击力直接撞击脊髓,观察动物撞击后1、3、7、14、30、... 详细信息

目的观察脊髓损伤后BMPRIa型受体的表达。方法运用免疫组织化学方法,首先检测3种BMP受体(BMPR)Ia、Ib、II型在正常成体大鼠脊髓中的表达分布。运用大鼠钝性脊髓损伤模型,以150kdyn的撞击力直接撞击脊髓,观察动物撞击后1、3、7、14、30、60d后脊髓中BMPRIa的表达改变。结果在正常成年大鼠脊髓中,BMPRIa、II型受体主要在少突胶质细胞、灰质神经元中表达,在部分星形胶质细胞和大多数小胶质细胞中表达。灰质神经元中未检测到Ib型受体的表达或表达很低。脊髓损伤后,BMPRIa在星形胶质细胞中表达激剧增加,高表达可持续至损伤后1个月;脊髓损伤诱导脊髓小胶质细胞活化,活化的小胶质细胞中表达BMPRIa明显增加。结论大鼠脊髓损伤后,诱导BMPRIa受体在星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞激剧增加,BMPRIa高表达提示BMP信号在胶质细胞的重要病理生理作用,这一发现为进一步研究BMP信号的功能作用提供基础。

关键词：脊髓损伤骨形态发生蛋白受体I(Ia Ib) II受体免疫组化

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