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Consequences of unilateral cryptorchidism on semen and sperm characteristics in West African Dwarf Goats

Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第4期7卷 172-177页

作者： Chike F.Oguejiofor Izuchukwu S.Ochiogu Okechi L.Okoro vitalis.u.ogbu Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of NigeriaNsukka 410001Nigeria

Objective: To evaluate the influence of unilateral cryptorchidism on semen and sperm characteristics in West African Dwarf (WAD) bucks. Methods: Semen was collected using electroejaculator from five unilaterally cryptorchid (uC) and five normal (non-cryptorchid) WAD bucks and analyzed for gross, microscopic and biochemical characteristics. Results:Gross semen evaluation showed no differences between the groups in semen color, viscosity and pH, whereas the normal bucks yielded semen with significantly higher specific gravity (P=0.0436) and volume (P=0.0388) than the uC group. Following semen microscopic evaluation, the percentage of sperm vitality (live sperm) was not significantly different between both groups. However, uC bucks yielded semen with significantly lower sperm motility (P=0.0387), sperm concentration per mL (P=0.0020) and total sperm count per ejaculate (P=0.0074). The percentage total sperm abnormality was also higher (PuC goats. Abnormalities observed included sperm with cytoplasmic droplets, looped tails, coiled tails and tailless heads. Sperm morphometry showed no differences in the sperm head length and head width between the groups. Biochemical semen evaluation did not reveal any differences between the groups in the concentration of seminal plasma total protein, catalase activity and lipid peroxidation level. Conclusions: unilateral cryptorchidism significantly affected the quantity and quality of semen and spermatozoa in affected WAD bucks. Due to the hereditary attribute of the condition, it is recommended that animals with this condition should not be used in breeding to forestall increasing prevalence of cryptorchidism in goats.

关键词： Cryptorchidism Goat Semen Spermatozoa

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Effect of Gongronema latifolium on gastric emptying in healthy dogs

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第6期19卷 897-902页

作者： Sylvester O ogbu Kenneth K Agwu Isaac u Asuzu Department of Medical Radiography and Radiological Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences and TechnologyCollege of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Enugu CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Nsukka CampusEnugu State 400001Nigeria

AIM:To investigate sonographically the effect of Gonogronema latifolium (***) on gastric emptying of semi-solid meals in healthy ***:In a randomized,placebo-controlled experiment,twenty-five clinically healthy dogs were randomly allotted into five groups of five dogs in each *** placebo group served as the control,and the low,moderate and high dose groups ingested the methanolic leaf extract of *** in capsules at 100 mg/kg,250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg,respectively,while the prokinetic group ingested 0.5 mg/kg capsules of *** a 12-h fast,each group ingested its treatment capsules 30 min before the administration of a test *** of gastric emptying and blood glucoselevels were obtained 30 min before and immediately after the ingestion of the test meal and thereafter every 15 min for 4 *** was followed by further measurements every 30 min for another 2 ***:The gastric emptying times of the placebo,low dose,moderate dose,high dose and prokinetic dose groups were 127.0 ± 8.2 min,135.5 ± 3.7 min,155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min and 59.0 ± 2.5 min,*** emptying times of the moderate and high dose groups were significantly slower than in the placebo control group (155.5 ± 3.9 min,198.0 ± 5.3 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).No significant difference in gastric emptying between the low dose and placebo control groups was noted (135.5 ± 3.7 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.072).Gastric emptying of the prokinetic group was significantly faster than that of the control group (59.0 ± 2.5 min vs 127.0 ± 8.2 min,P=0.000).The hypoglycaemic effect of *** and gastric emptying were inversely related (r=-0.95,P=0.000).CONCLuSION:*** delays gastric emptying and lowers postprandial blood glucose in healthy *** reduces the postprandial blood glucose by delaying gastric emptying.

关键词： Gonogronema latifolium Gastric emptying Sonography Postprandial blood glucose Semi-solid meals

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Retinoid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha： a key gene setting brain circuits

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 791-794页

作者： Tania vitalis Jean Mariani PROTECT Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Université Paris Diderot Paris France université Pierre et Marie Curie Sorbonne Université Paris France Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8256 Institut de Biologie de Paris Seine (IBPS) Biological adaptation and ageing (B2A) Team Brain Development Repair and Ageing Paris France Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris Départements Hospitalo-Universitaires FAST Institut de la Longévité Ivry-Sur-Seine France

The retinoid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha（RORα） is thought to act as a constitutive activator of transcription by binding to the ROR response element（RORE） of target genes. Several mouse models in which RORα is defective have revealed the decisive roles of RORα on the development, maturation and neuroprotection of various cerebral regions including the cerebellar and somatosensory systems. We have recently shown that RORα is needed for accurate thalamic sensory system organization and somatosensory cortex development. The phenotype of various RORα deficient mice models（staggerer mutant or mouse lacking RORα in specific somatosensory regions） is, in part, reminiscent of what has been described in mice lacking thyroid hormone triiodothyronine（T3）. As in in vitro studies or in other models, our studies strongly suggest that the T3/RORα-pathway, among others, is in part responsible for the staggerer phenotype. We have indeed identified some genes that were both regulated by T3 and RORα and that are known to be implicated in the cerebellar or somatosensory system development. Moreover, several groups have shown that RORα is at the crossroad of many biological processes and pathologies, including psychiatric and degenerative disorders. In particular, defective RORα-signalling has been demonstrated in humans to be associated with the emergence of autistic-like disorders. We believe that determining the appropriate amount of RORα activity could be crucial in detecting and preventing the emergence of specific brain diseases.

关键词： cerebellum cerebral cortex development maturation neuroprotection psychiatric disorders somatosensory system

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Influence of unilateral Cryptorchidism on Libido, Haematology and Serum Reproductive Hormones, Total Protein, Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in West African Dwarf Goats

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2018年第11期8卷 187-197页

作者： Chike F. Oguejiofor Izuchukwu S. Ochiogu vitalis u. ogbu Okechi L. Okoro Department of Veterinary Obstetrics and Reproductive Diseases Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The failure of testicular descent (cryptorchidism) is known to cause abnormal testicular development and function. unilateral cryptorchidism is prevalent in West African Dwarf (WAD) goats particularly in some areas where affected bucks are presumed to have better libido and reproductive efficiency by farmers. Androgens produced by the testes can influence libido and other hormonal and metabolic processes in the body. The study investigated the influence of natural unilateral cryptorchidism on serum reproductive hormones, total protein, lipid profile, oxidative stress, and haematology and libido in WAD bucks. Ten WAD bucks (aged 12 - 14 months) comprising 5 bucks with normal descended testes (N group) and 5 unilaterally-cryptorchid bucks (uC group) were studied. Blood and sera were collected and evaluated for haematology, serum total proteins and lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoproteins) concentrations, serum oxidative stress (catalase and lipid peroxidation activity), and serum levels of reproductive hormones (testosterone, FSH and LH). Libido testing of bucks was also performed by randomly isolating and confining each individual male with a doe on standing heat and recording the number of mountings made by the male within a period of 5 minutes as the libido score. The evaluated haematological indices and serum levels of proteins, lipids, oxidative stress indicators and reproductive hormones were not significantly different between the N and uC groups (p > 0.05). Although a higher mean libido score was recorded in N bucks compared to the uC group, this difference was not significant. Whereas no negative effects were observed in the evaluated physiologic indices in uC bucks, these findings do not support the presumption by farmers that uC bucks have better libido than bucks with fully descended testes. Therefore, these animals should not be selected for breeding to avoid increasing the prevalence of unilateral cryptorchidism due to its genetic attribute.

关键词： Cryptorchidism Libido Reproductive Hormones Oxidative Stress Goat

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Forcing biological sciences into architectural design: On conceptual confusions in the field of biomimetic architecture

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第2期11卷 179-190页

作者： Louis vitalis Natasha Chayaamor-Heil uMR MAP-MAACC CNRS National Architecture School of Paris La VilletteParisFrance

Certain confusion may be observed in the field of biomimetic architecture,as it emerges at the crossroad of two disciplinary domains:architectural design and biological *** biomimetics is defined as a science,once it is applied to architecture,biomimetic architecture should logically be defined as a science *** assertion collides with the nature of architectural design,which may rather be defined as a technology:its aim is to transform the world,not to explain *** the one hand,there is no obvious relationship between architecture and life *** the other hand,the biomimetic approach tends to redefine the concept of science itself by seeking to avoid the excesses of ***,existing applications of biomimetic design show that it is difficult to observe a genuine biomimetic architecture;most cases are closer to engineering component or urban planning and sometimes they involve little or no life *** aim of this paper is to describe this conceptual confusion through two movements called“forcings”,occurring between design and *** forcings are conceptualised as shifts between constructed scientific objects and given empirical ***,used in biology as in architecture,allow these shifts by virtue of their double *** are both tools for knowledge and for design,thus they may be conceptually forced into what they are not supposed to be,particularly in the field of biomimetic architecture where design process and scientific knowledge are said to meet.

关键词： Biomimetic architecture Architectural design Epistemology Design with biology Modeling theory

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Biology and architecture:An ongoing hybridization of scientific knowledge and design practice by six architectural offices in France

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2021年第2期10卷 240-262页

作者： Natasha Chayaamor-Heil Louis vitalis uMR MAP-MAACC CNRS National Architecture School of Paris La VilletteParisFrance

As a highly interdisciplinary field,architecture is being influenced by many subjects of natural and social *** despite being apparently distant from architecture is currently a scientific field blending into design practices,which have evolved and shifted towards a new hybrid *** this article,we present an emerging design field of what we categorize as biomimetic architecture pioneering by six architectural offices in *** observe the impact of scientific researches on design processes and practices through six case studies led by these offices,which can be seen through the actors who involved in various types of interdisciplinary collaborations,through the competencies of the architect himself,and through new sources of ideas coming from biological sciences and related *** propose to use a classification of theoretical uses in modeling practice to better understand the role that biological knowledge plays in architectural design ***,the result of this analysis shows that the use of biology taking place in a design space has external purposes,which transform it to produce engineering devices or urban schemes rather than architectural *** also shows that biology in architectural design induces other kinds of non-biological knowledge,is not strictly theoretical and could be obsolete or *** findings lead to an epistemological discussion concerning the confusion between biological,knowledge,and architectural design‘know-how’.

关键词： Biology Biomimetic architecture Architectural design Hybridization Design epistemology Research-practice

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Characterisation and mapping of land subsidence based on geodetic observations in Lagos,Nigeria

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2020年第2期11卷 151-162页

作者： Ikuemonisan Femi Emmanuel Ozebo vitalis Chidi Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of LagosAkokaLagosNigeria

The pervasive seasonal flooding,aquifer contamination,and saline water intrusion in parts of Lagos are some of the long-term effects of land subsidence caused by the excessive groundwater exploitation and land reclamation that has been taking place in the *** to monitor the extent and pattern of land deformation will help in many ways to mitigate the effects of flooding and other geohazards associated with land *** this study,we characterised and mapped the land subsidence in the Lagos city based on the analyses of geodetic data,which included Global Positioning Satellite(GPS),Envisat,Sentinel-1,and GRACE *** applied the SBAS technique to the Envisat and Sentinel-1 datasets acquired from 2004-2011 and 2015-2019,respectively,and to perform multi-temporal analyses and produce corresponding subsidence maps over the Lagos *** GRACE data were used to infer the extent and trend of groundwater changes at the GPS *** results indicate that the subsidence is a widespread phenomenon in Lagos city,with subsidence rates varying between-2 mm/year and-87 mm/*** highest subsidence rate was observed around the coastal zones and areas where heavy structures are built on *** the highest rate at present,subsidence has gradually increased in the last 15 *** the development of indiscriminate groundwater exploitation,urbanization,and rapid population growth,the subsidence rate in Lagos city is likely to rise significantly in the coming years,which,in turn,may further escalate the flood rate and other associated geohazards.

关键词： InSAR P-SBAS Deformation time series Land subsidence Lagos

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The Role of Multicultural Experience in Shaping the Interest to Explore International Career

The Role of Multicultural Experience in Shaping the Interest...

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作者： CELESTINE CHINEDu ogbu 西南财经大学

学位级别：硕士

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Microplastic pollution:An emerging contaminant in aquaculture

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第6期8卷 603-616页

作者： Stanley Iheanacho Miracle ogbu Md Simul Bhuyan Johnny Ogunji Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Alex Ekwueme Federal UniversityNdufu Alike Ebonyi StateAbakalikiP.M.B.1010Nigeri Department of Biology Alex Ekwueme Federal UniversityNdufu Alike Ebonyi StateAbakalikiP.M.B.1010Nigeria Bangladesh Oceanographic Research Institute Cox’s Bazar4730Bangladesh

Aquaculture largely contributes to aquatic products and consequential dietary protein for many ***,just like every other food sector,is faced with enormous challenges such as unfavorable climatic events,environmental stressors and ***(MP)are emerging contaminants in aquaculture following their perturbing occurrence in cultured fish,fishmeal and *** MPs pathways into aquaculture facilities include wastewater,pipe-borne water,dilapidated aquaculture facilities,fish gears,and aquafeed stuff(fishmeal).Techniques for the digestion,identification and characterization of MPs are critical to understanding their pathways,bioavailability and bioaccumulation patterns in aquaculture *** impacts of MPs on cultured fish species are identified as impaired growth,oxidative stress,neurotoxicity,reproductive toxicity,immunotoxicity,embryotoxicity,and *** of MPs in tissues and biological systems have been evidenced in several cultured *** efforts cum strategies such as upgrade of wastewater treatment facilities,screening of inlet pond water,screening of aquafeed stuff,regular maintenance and repair of culture facilities,could be effective to eradicate MP contamination in ***,regulatory policy on the use of plastics is key to mitigating the impact of MPs and ensure cleaner and sustainable aquaculture.

关键词： Microplastics Aquaculture Sources Impact Mitigation

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Assessment of some demographic risk factors associated with diaphyseal humeral fractures among Nigerians

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Burns & Trauma 2015年第1期3卷 35-40页

作者： vitalis Chukwuma Ezeuko Agbonluai Richard Ehimigbai Ehijele Loveth Esechie Department of Anatomy School of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Medical SciencesUniversity of BeninBenin CityEdoNigeria

Background:The epidemiology of fractures of the humeral shaft has received little attention in *** study was aimed at investigating the possible risk factors associated with diaphyseal humeral fractures among ***:The study was carried out retrospectively at the Department of Medical Records,National Orthopaedic Hospital,Igbobi,Lagos State,Nigeria,between 2007 and *** notes and plain films of X-ray from a total number of 206 patients of ages from birth to one hundred years(0–100 years),comprising of 140 males and 66 females,were used for the *** analyses were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences(SPSS)version 16.0 and presented in bar *** frequencies were reported as *** differences in frequencies were compared using chi-square ***:The results showed that the percentage frequency of diaphyseal humeral fractures was significantly higher(Puse(Pumeral fractures was road traffic accident followed by ***:The major causes of diaphyseal humeral fractures are road traffic accidents and *** diaphyseal humeral fracture is an issue of harsh economic consequences,adequate measures should be taken by all the parties involved,especially government agencies,to address this menace in term of road maintenance and general well-being of the ***,since it was observed that different regions of the bones of interest present diverse characteristics with respect to associated risk factors,it is recommended that such studies as this should be region-based rather than whole-bone based.

关键词： Humerus fracture Diaphyseal Nigerian Risk factor

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