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Landscape Structural Indicators as a Tool to Assess Land Use Changes in Planning for Sub-Basin Sustainability (Southeastern Brazil)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第4期8卷 482-492页

作者： Angela Terumi Fushita José Eduardo dos santos Imyra Maíra Martins de Souza Eduarda Romanini Rômulo Theodoro costa Analysis and Environmental Planning Laboratory Department of Hydrobiology Federal University of S&#227o Carlos (UFSCar) S&#227o Carlos Brazil Pos-Graduate Programme in Ecology and Natural Resources Federal Universityof S&#227o Carlos (UFSCar) S&#227o Carlos Brazil

Land use is shaped by the interactions between nature and society, and these interactions can inhibit environmental sustainability and deplete the natural capital that provides the ecosystem services upon which humans depend. Urbanity Index and Landscape Vulnerability Indicator have been proposed to improve the impact interpretability of land use changes on sub-basin sustainability for local scenarios of biodiversity conservation. A time series of LandSat 5 Thematic Mapper remote sensing data from São Carlos municipality, Southeastern Brazil, for the years 1989, 2004 and 2014 revealed that land use changes in the sub-basins do not take place in a progressive and gradual way. Over the 25-year period, the main trends showed the loss and increase of forest cover so that it has remained quantitatively similar over time due to reduced agricultural land use. The aggregation of both indicators enabled the identification of greater naturalness and lower vulnerability, as well as lower naturalness and higher vulnerability under local sub-basin conditions, pointing the need for different strategies for sub-basin biodiversity conservation and sustainability. These preliminary scenarios provide a way to communicate problems of environmental sustainability at different landscape scales to the scientific community as well as to planners, policy makers and the broader public.

关键词： Land Use Quantifiable Indicator Urbanity Index Landscape Vulnerability Indicator

Emphysematous Complications Following Third Molars Removal: Incidence among 10779 Surgeries and Report of Two Cases

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2014年第7期4卷 352-357页

作者： Leandro E. Klüppel Fernando Antonini Alessandro costa da Silva Márcio de Moraes Saulo Ellery santos Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department School of Dentistry Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba Brazil

Subcutaneous emphysema is a condition that results from introduction of air into soft tissues. In head and neck, it is commonly observed following fractures of paranasal sinuses. Less frequently, it may occur during surgical procedures for tooth removal, when air from dental hand-pieces is forced into surgical site. depending on its extension, it may involve vital spaces such as mediastinum. This specific finding may induce life-threatening situations. The aim of this article is to establish the incidence of subcutaneous emphysema among 10,779 impacted third molar surgical procedures and report the cases in which such complications had occurred. In this retrospective study, data collected from 10,779 third molar extraction procedures performed at Piracicaba School of dentistry were evaluated for the occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema. Two cases of subcutaneous emphysema (0.018%) occurred following extraction of impacted third molars. Both were associated with mandibular tooth and related to the use of dental air hand-piece. One of the cases involved submandibular and buccal spaces while the other involved buccal and canine spaces. Regression of emphysema occurred spontaneously and postoperative recovery was uneventful. Subcutaneous emphysema following impacted third molar extractions is rare and strongly associated with the use of air turbines. Follow-up and preservation are the treatments of choice, but clinicians should be aware about the possibility of microbial spreading through facial spaces.

关键词： Subcutaneous Emphysema Impacted Tooth Air Hand-Piece

Data Evaluation and Visibility in Single Beam Scanner of Gamma Ray Tomography

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2013年第1期3卷 22-27页

作者： Carlos costa Dantas Alex Elton Moura Tiago Leite Rolim Silvio de Barros Melo Valdemir Alexandre dos santos Emerson Alexandre de Oliveira Lima department of Chemistry Catholic University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil department of Mathematics University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil department of Nuclear Energy Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil Informatics Center Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

In this paper, data analysis and modeling of gamma ray tomography taken into account spatial resolution and source of errors and the attenuation coefficient measurement in row data from tomography process are presented. The results showed that this method is simple, effective and should be prior to any data treatment for opaque vessel reactor and by reconstruction algorithm in process imaging.

关键词： Attenuation Coefficient Data Modeling Row Data Transmission Tomography

Comparison of Clonidine and Metoprolol Effectiveness on the Control of Post-Operative Blood Pressure in Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgeries: A Clinical Trial

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2021年第2期11卷 49-58页

作者： Sérgio menezes Silvio Caldas Neto Ruy Lins Filho Jayme santos Neto Rossana Lins Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil

Objectives: Adequate control of hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing otolaryngology-head and neck (OLHN) surgeries is one of the objectives of peri-operative anesthesia management. In this context, we seek to evaluate the effectiveness of metoprolol compared to clonidine in the post-operative control of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures, and heart rate (HR), when these medications are used in the immediate pre-operative period. Method: this is a randomized double-blind clinical trial. Patients over 18 years old, according to the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification (ASA) I or II, who would undergo OLHN surgery, presenting with greater than 140 mmHg (SBP) or 90 mmHg (DBP), upon arrival at the surgical ward, were included in the study. 46 patients were randomized into two groups (C or M) who received clonidine (75 or 150 mcg) or metoprolol (5 or 10 mg), respectively. The averages of SBP, DBP and HR were compared between groups upon arrival at the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) and four hours post-surgery. Results: In group C, SBP (127.7 ± 18.8 vs 137.3 ± 14.1 mmHg, p = 0.03) and DBP (73.1 ± 15.46 vs 82.6 ± 7.9 mmHg, p 0.01) were lower, when compared with group M. No difference was observed in HR immediately upon PACU arrival. In addition, for four hours post-surgery, no change was noted in the SBP, DBP or HR. Conclusion: metoprolol was less effective than clonidine in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the immediate post-operative period of OLHN surgeries.

关键词： Clonidine Metoprolol Hypertension Post-Operative

Hygroscopic Behavior of Lyophilized Powder of Grugru Palm (<i>Acrocomia aculeata</i>)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第10期4卷 1-7页

作者： Dalany menezes Oliveira Edmar Clemente Marcos Rodrigues Amorim Afonso José Maria Correia da costa Center of Agricultural Sciences State University of Maringá Maringá Brazil department of Chemistry State University of Maringá Maringá Brazil department of Food Technology Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil

The objective of this study was to determine adsorption isotherms and hygroscopic behavior of lyophilized powder from grugru palm. The powders of grugru palm were obtained by lyophilization process without maltodextrin (T1) and with 8% matodextrin (T2). The experimental data were obtained through the static gravimetric method at temperatures (25℃, 30℃, 35℃ and 40℃), with different saturated solutions of salts. The models of GAB, BET, Henderson and Oswin were fitted to experimental data. The values obtained for hygroscopicity were 7.68% and 6.86% and the degrees of caking were 0.33% and 0.09% for T1 and T2, respectively. Mathematical models of adsorption isotherms for grugru palm powders can be classified as Type III. The GAB and Oswin models represented better the behavior of isotherms for T1 and T2. Grugru palm powder showed an increase in the humidity of the monolayer Xm along with increasing temperature. The grugru palm powder demonstrated to be a non-hygroscopic product, non-caking features.

关键词： Acrocomia aculeata Adsorption Isotherms Hygroscopicity degree of Caking

Antibacterial enhancement of antibiotic activity by Enterolobium contortisiliquum(Vell.)Morong

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第10期7卷 945-949页

作者： Zildene de Sousa Silveira Nair Silva Macêdo Thiago Sampaio de Freitas Ana Raquel Pereira da Silva Joycy Francely Sampaio dos santos Maria Flaviana Bezerra Morais-Braga José Galberto Martins da costa Raimundo Nonato Pereira Teixeira Jean Paul Kamdem Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho Francisco Assis Bezerra da Cunha Laboratorio de Bioprospeccao do Semioarido Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil Laboratorio de Microbiologia e Biologia Molecular Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil Laboratorio de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririCratoBrazil departamento de Ciencias biologicas Universidade Regional do Cariri-URCACratoCEP:63105-000Brazil Programa de Pos-graduacao em Bioprospeccao Molecular Universidade Regional do Cariri–URCACratoBrazil

Objective: To identify the main chemical classes of compounds from aqueous extract of Enterolobium contortisiliquum(E. contortisiliquum) seed bark and to evaluate its antibacterial activity, as well as its potential to increase the activity of antibiotics against strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia ***: Different classes of compounds in the aqueous extract of E. contortisiliquum were evaluated based on the visual changes in the coloration and the formation of precipitate after the addition of specific reagents. The antibacterial activity of the extract and its potential to increase of antibiotic activity of antibiotics drugs, gentamicin and norfloxacin was determined by using the microdilution ***: Our results demonstrated that the following secondary metabolites were presented in E. contortisiliquum seed bark: flavones, flavonols, xanthones, flavononols,chalcones, aurones, flavones and catechins. The extract itself had very low antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains tested(MIC ≥ 1024 μg/m L), but there was an increase in the antibiotic activity of gentamicin and norfloxacin when combined in the subinhibitory concentration(i.e., MIC/8).Conclusions: Our data suggests that E. contortisiliquum seed bark may be an alternative source for new drugs with the potential to increase antibiotic activity against different strains of bacteria.

关键词： Antibiotic activity Enhancement Synergism Chemical compounds Bioactivity

Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments of Cotton Cultivars Irrigated with Saline Water

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 81-91页

作者： Elka costa santos Nascimento Ronaldo do Nascimento André Alisson Rodrigues da Silva Carlos Vailan de Castro Bezerra Mateus costa Batista Luana Lucas de Sá Almeida Veloso Márcia Cristina de Araújo Pereira Hallyson Oliveira Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil

The cultivation of cotton is a relevant socioeconomic activity in the Brazilian agricultural scenario. In the Brazilian Northeast, however, production is limited by low rainfall, requiring water supplementation, a problem for the cotton cultivation practiced in the semi-arid region, due to the presence of saline ions in several water sources, from where the water is used for irrigation. It is necessary to identify cultivars that better tolerate saline stress in order to provide subsidies for their cultivation under such conditions. In this sense, the objective was to evaluate the tolerance of cotton cultivars to salinity. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, belonging to the Natural Resource Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus I, Campina Grande, Brazil, in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, with four replications, totaling 40 experimental units (BRS 368 RF and BRS SAFIRA) submitted to five saline levels (1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 7.5 dS·mˉ1). Irrigation with water saline of EC from 1.5 dS·mˉ1 affects adversely the growth of cotton cultivars, causing reductions in plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and number of leaves. Saline stress reduced the levels of the photosynthetic pigments of the cotton plants studied.

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum L. Salinity Chlorophyll

Spatial Analysis of Affected Areas by Extreme Hydrological Events in Rio de Janeiro (The Host City for the 2016 Olympic Games)—Brazil

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2013年第4期5卷 337-346页

作者： Leandro Andrei Beser de deus Camilla Silva Motta santos Patricia Gomes da Silveira Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos Freitas Paulo Márcio Leal menezes Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The most frequent types of disasters in Brazil are associated with extreme hydrological events. Adding to this situation, in Brazil, there are the extreme sociospatial discrepancies that are historically constructed. They leave marks in space, making specific areas, for political interest or not, more vulnerable to the different mentioned processes. To this extent, the public management should plan actions and, also, it may act in a more holistic way adding new trends, such as, the use of geotechnologies that are applied to environmental management in the realm of urban planning. From a case study in the city of Rio de Janeiro, this paper aims to contribute and draw attention to such issues. It may reach its target through pointing and spatially analyzing which areas are in the most critical situation related to the occurrence of extreme hydrological events. To achieve this goal, it was proposed a methodology to inventory the occurrence of inundation/flooding for a certain period, in this case 2001-2008. Besides, the methodology could systematize data and integrate them with other important issues for supporting the process of identification and analysis of the most critical areas. Historical aspects of occupation and the most vulnerable socio-environmental aspects were raised, too, in order to validate the highlighted areas. This integration was enabled concerning the support of geoprocessing techniques. The results of this integration subsidized the mapping and spatial analysis of the affected areas in the city and the criticality in relation to the extreme hydrological events. Finally, it was possible to observe that the identification of the most critical affected areas does not mean the exhaustion of the subject. The location of these areas is directly linked to the sample that was used as the basis for analyses. This data set only represents recorded events by the Municipal Civil defense respecting the studied time frame. However, the results permit to take no

关键词： Extreme Events Flood Hazards GIS Hydric Resources Spatial Analysis

The health care economic-industrial complex: Concepts and general characteristics

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Health 2013年第10期5卷 1607-1621页

作者： Carlos Augusto Grabois Gadelha Lais Silveira costa Jose Manuel santos de Varge Maldonado Pedro Ribeiro Barbosa Marco Antonio Vargas Science Technology and Strategic InputsMinistry of HealthBrasiliaBrazil Research Group Innovation in Health Care Oswaldo Cruz Foundation(Fiocruz)Rio de JaneiroBrazil Professional Master’s degree Course in Politics and Management of Science Technology and Innovation in Health CareSergio Arouca School of Public HealthOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroBrazil Management and Institutional development Oswaldo Cruz Foundation(Fiocruz)Rio de JaneiroBrazil department of Economics Faculty of EconomicsUniversidade Federal FluminenseNiteroiBrazil

The strategic role of health care within the Brazilian development agenda has been increasingly recognized and institutionalized. Aside from its importance as a structural element of the Welfare State, health care plays a leading role in generating innovation. despite this, the productive base of Brazil’s health care system is extremely fragile, jeopardizing both the universal provision of health care services and the country’s competitive insertion in the globalized environment. This suggests the need for a more systematic analysis of the complex relationships that exist between the technological and the social interests involved in the productive base of health care provision in Brazil. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to enhance our understanding of the productive base of health care, especially given its potential to contribute to a socially inclusive development model, which is the ultimate goal in Brazil.

关键词： Technological development Policies Health Care Sector Economics Health Sciences Technology and Innovation Management Policies and Cooperation in Science Technology and Innovation