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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第12期15卷 2022-2027页

作者： Monica K Ertel Leonard K Seibold Jennifer L Patnaik malik Y Kahook Department of Ophthalmology University of ColoradoUC Health Sue Anschutz-Rodgers Eye CenterAuroraColorado 80045USA

AIM:To compare intraocular pressure(IOP)readings obtained with Perkins tonometry,i Care Home,i Care 200,and Tonopen to IOP readings obtained with the manometer of a perfusion system to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of each method of tonometry at set ***:The IOP of human cadaveric eyes(n=2)was measured using a manometer inserted into the eye through the optic *** measurements were obtained using a Perkins tonometer,i Care Home,i Care 200,and *** measurements were compared to set point IOP measurements of a manometer to determine accuracy and reproducibility of each ***:Mean IOP readings obtained with the Perkins tonometer compared to manometer readings demonstrated a difference of-1.0±5.0 mm Hg(P=0.45),indicating a lower reading on average than manometery although not *** IOP difference between iCare 200 and manometer was 5.3±2.2 mm Hg(P<0.0001).Mean difference in IOP between iCare Home and manometer was 3.5±2.4 mm Hg(P=0.0004).Mean IOP difference compared to manometer was 4.6±4.0 mm Hg for the Tonopen(P<0.0001).IOP measurements obtained with the Perkins tonometer demonstrated a standard deviation of 5.0 mm Hg while the Tonopen measurements demonstrated a 4.0 mm Hg standard *** comparison,iCare 200 and iCare Home demonstrated 2.2 and 2.4 mm Hg standard deviation,***:Applanation tonometry produces more accurate IOP readings than rebound tonometry or Tonopen,however it demonstrates greater variability than the other forms of *** tonometry is more reproducible but tends to over-estimate IOP.

关键词： intraocular pressure ocular tonometry manometry

Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Image Classification Using Improved Metaheuristic with Deep Learning

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1673-1688页

作者： S.Rajalakshmi S.Nalini Ahmed Alkhayyat Rami Q.malik Department of Information Technology Velalar College of Engineering and TechnologyErode638012India Department of Computer Science&Engineering University College of EngineeringBIT CampusAnna UniversityTiruchirappalli620024India College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajafIraq Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq

Remote sensing image(RSI)classifier roles a vital play in earth observation technology utilizing Remote sensing(RS)data are extremely exploited from both military and civil *** recently,as novel DL approaches develop,techniques for RSI classifiers with DL have attained important breakthroughs,providing a new opportunity for the research and development of RSI *** study introduces an Improved Slime Mould Optimization with a graph convolutional network for the hyperspectral remote sensing image classification(ISMOGCN-HRSC)*** ISMOGCN-HRSC model majorly concentrates on identifying and classifying distinct kinds of *** the presented ISMOGCN-HRSC model,the synergic deep learning(SDL)model is exploited to produce feature *** GCN model is utilized for image classification purposes to identify the proper class labels of the *** ISMO algorithm is used to enhance the classification efficiency of the GCN method,which is derived by integrating chaotic concepts into the SMO *** experimental assessment of the ISMOGCN-HRSC method is tested using a benchmark dataset.

关键词： Deep learning remote sensing images image classification slime mould optimization parameter tuning

Adaptive Route Sink Relocation Using Cluster Head Chain Cycling Model in WSN

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 1811-1826页

作者： M.Sudha P.Shanmugapriya Rami Q.malik Ahmed Alkhayyat Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Paavai Engineering CollegeNamakkal637018India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Saranathan College of EngineeringTiruchirappalli620012India Department of Medical Instrumentation Techniques Engineering Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeHillah51001Iraq College of Technical Engineering The Islamic UniversityNajafIraq

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)have revolutionized the processes involved in industrial ***,the most important challenge faced by WSN sensors is the presence of limited *** research inves-tigations have been conducted so far on how to prolong the energy in *** phenomenon is a result of inability of the network to have battery powered-sensor ***-efﬁcient routing on packetﬂow is a parallel phenomenon to delay nature,whereas the primary energy gets wasted as a result of WSN *** holes are present in the vicinity of sink and it is an important efﬁcient-routing protocol for *** order to solve the issues discussed above,an energy-efﬁcient routing protocol is proposed in this study named as Adaptive Route Decision Sink Relocation Protocol using Cluster Head Chain Cycling approach(ARDSR-CHC2H).The proposed method aims at improved communica-tion at sink-inviting *** this point,Cluster Head Node(CHN)is selected,since it consumes low energy and permits one node to communicate with others in two *** main purpose of the proposed model is to reduce energy con-sumption and deﬁne new interchange technology.A comparison of simulation results demonstrates that the proposed algorithm achieved low cluster creation time,better network error and high Packet Delivery Rate with less network failure.

关键词： Cluster head energy-efﬁcient routing chain routing cycling approach sink relocation adaptive routing WSN

Discrete mass conservation and stability analysis of the ocean-atmosphere model with coupling conditions

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2023年第6期8卷 577-589页

作者： Taj Munir Anwarud Din Saif Ullah M.Y.malik A.S.Alqahtani Abus Salam School of mathematical sciences GC University68-BLahore 54600Pakistan Department of Mathematics Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou 510275P.R.China Department of Mathematics Government College UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413 Kingdom of Sauidi Arabia

In this work we considered bi-domain partial differential equations(PDEs)with two coupling interface *** one domain is corresponding to the ocean and the second is to the *** two coupling conditions are used to linked the interaction between these two *** we know that almost every engineering problem modeled via *** analytical solutions of these kind of problems are not easy,so we use numerical *** this study we discuss the two essential properties,namely mass conservation and stability analysis of two types of coupling interface conditions for the oceanatmosphere *** coupling conditions arise in general circulation models used in climate *** two coupling conditions are the Dirichlet-Neumann and bulk interface *** the stability analysis,we use the Godunov-Ryabenkii theory of normal-mode *** main empha-sis of this work is to study the numerical properties of coupling conditions and an important point is to maintain conservativity of the overall ***,for the numerical approximation we use two methods,an explicit and implicit *** implicit coupling have further two algorithms,monolithic algorithm and partitioned iterative *** partitioned iterative approach is complex as compared to the monolithic *** addition,the comparison of the numerical results are exhibited through graphical illustration and simulation results are drafted in tabular form to validate our theoretical *** novel characteristics of the findings from this paper can be of great importance in science and ocean engineering.

关键词： Stability analysis Mass conservation Explicit coupling methods Implicit coupling methods Ocean-atmosphere coupling

Reducing Dataset Specificity for Deepfakes Using Ensemble Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4261-4276页

作者： Qaiser Abbas Turki Alghamdi Yazed Alsaawy Tahir Alyas Ali Alzahrani Khawar Iqbal malik Saira Bibi Faculty of Computer and Information Systems Islamic University Madinah Madinah42351Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan The University of Lahore Sargodha40100Pakistan University of Sargodha Department of Computer Science&ITSargodha40100Pakistan

The emergence of deep fake videos in recent years has made image falsification a real danger.A person’s face and emotions are deep-faked in a video or speech and are substituted with a different face or voice employing deep learning to analyze speech or emotional *** of how clever these videos are frequently,Manipulation is challenging to *** media are the most frequent and dangerous targets since they are weak outlets that are open to extortion or slander a *** earlier times,it was not so easy to alter the videos,which required expertise in the domain and ***,the generation of fake videos has become easier and with a high level of realism in the *** are forgeries and altered visual data that appear in still photos or video *** automatic identification systems have been developed to solve this issue,however they are constrained to certain datasets and performpoorly when applied to different *** study aims to develop an ensemble learning model utilizing a convolutional neural network(CNN)to handle deepfakes or *** employed ensemble learning,a technique combining many classifiers to achieve higher prediction performance than a single classifier,boosting themodel’s *** performance of the generated model is evaluated on Face *** work is about building a new powerful model for automatically identifying deep fake videos with the DeepFake-Detection-Challenges(DFDC)*** test our model using the DFDC,one of the most difficult datasets and get an accuracy of 96%.

关键词： Deep machine learning deep fake CNN DFDC ensemble learning

Load Balancing Framework for Cross-Region Tasks in Cloud Computing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1479-1490页

作者： Jaleel Nazir Muhammad Waseem Iqbal Tahir Alyas Muhammad Hamid Muhammad Saleem Saadia malik Nadia Tabassum Department of Software Engineering The Superior CollegeLahorePakistan Department of Computer Science Lahore Garrison UniversityLahore54000Pakistan Department of Statistics and Computer Science University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesLahore54000Pakistan Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of EngineeringRabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology-RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Virtual University of PakistanLahore54000Pakistan

Load balancing is a technique for identifying overloaded and underloaded nodes and balancing the load between *** maximize various performance parameters in cloud computing,researchers suggested various load balancing *** store and access data and services provided by the different service providers through the network over different regions,cloud computing is one of the latest technology systems for both end-users and service *** volume of data is increasing due to the pandemic and a significant increase in usage of the internet has also been *** of the cloud are looking for services that are intelligent,and,can balance the traffic load by service providers,resulting in seamless and uninterrupted *** types of algorithms and techniques are available that can manage the load balancing in the cloud *** this paper,a newly proposed method for load balancing in cloud computing at the database level is *** database cloud services are frequently employed by companies of all sizes,for application development and business *** balancing for distributed applications can be used to maintain an efficient task scheduling process that also meets the user requirements and improves resource *** balancing is the process of distributing the load on various nodes to ensure that no single node is *** avoid the nodes from being overloaded,the load balancer divides an equal amount of computing time to all *** results of two different scenarios showed the cross-region traffic management and significant growth in revenue of restaurants by using load balancer decisions on application traffic gateways.

关键词： Load balancing performance database region virtualization

Malware Detection in Android IoT Systems Using Deep Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 4399-4415页

作者： Muhammad Waqar Sabeeh Fareed Ajung Kim Saif Ur Rehman malik Muhammad Imran Muhammad Usman Yaseen Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Optical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul143747Korea Cybernetica AS Tallinn12618Estonia

The Android Operating System(AOS)has been evolving since its inception and it has become one of the most widely used operating system for the Internet of Things(IoT).Due to the high popularity and reliability ofAOS for IoT,it is a target of many cyber-attacks which can cause compromise of privacy,financial loss,data integrity,unauthorized access,denial of services and so *** Android-based IoT(AIoT)devices are extremely vulnerable to various malwares due to the open nature and high acceptance of Android in the ***,several detection preventive malwares are developed to conceal their malicious activities from analysis ***,conventional malware detection techniques could not be applied and innovative countermeasures against such anti-detection malwares are indispensable to secure the *** this paper,we proposed the novel deep learning-based real-time multiclass malware detection techniques for the AIoT using dynamic *** results show that the proposed technique outperforms existing malware detection techniques and achieves detection accuracy up to 99.87%.

关键词： Android cyber security deep learning internet of things malware detection

Comparative analysis of bacterial contamination in tap and groundwater: A case study on water quality of Quetta City, an arid zone in Pakistan

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第2期10卷 153-165页

作者： Khan Tanzeel Akhtar malik Muhammad Malghani Gohram Akhtar Rabia Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Life Sciences&InformaticsBalochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta 87300Pakistan Department of Psychology Balochistan University of Information TechnologyEngineering and Management SciencesQuetta 87300Pakistan

Water is an essential element on earth,which provides human a variety of services in domestic use,agriculture,or ***,some serious health risks of drinking water are associated with microbial contamination,particularly with fecal ***,microbial quality assessment is considered to be a necessary component of water quality *** study investigates microbial contamination of water distributary system around the city by comparing groundwater(GW)and tap water(TW)quality in Quetta city.31 GW samples and 31 TW samples were collected in the study area during the months of September,October,and *** coliform test was carried out in laboratory and their average total coliform contamination was *** showed that the TW sample were all contaminated by coliform except for Chiltan town,hence are not considered suitable for drinking without any treatment according to WHO drinking water quality *** average coliform concentrations were 12 in Quetta main city,11.6 in Jinnah town,5.3 in Satallite town,10 in Shahbaz town and 5 in Brewery town(0/100 mL CFU)and the TW samples from the three towns were even more contaminated with *** among the GW,average microbial concentrations were 1.8 in Quetta main city,2 in Satallite town,1.4 in Shahbaz town,and 0.4 in Chiltan town(0/100 mL CFU),respectively,which shows that the contamination is occurring within the water distributary pipeline system when the water flows through the ***,this research will be valuable for researchers and administrative authorities to conduct elaborative studies,and develop new policies to prevent further deterioration of drinking water in the water distribution system by pathogenic microorganisms and ensure safe drinking water to the public of Quetta city.

关键词： Groundwater quality Microbial contamination Coliform bacteria Drinking water quality

Experimental investigation of the impact of water depth, inlet water temperature, and fins on the productivity of a Pyramid Solar Still

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2023年第2期11卷 183-190页

作者： Yousef Al-Abed Allah malik Omar Abu Abbas Mohammad Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals(KFUPM)DhahranSaudi Arabia

This experimental study aimed to investigate the impact of water depth, inlet water temperature,and fins on the productivity of a pyramid solar still in producing distilled water. The experiment was conducted in three parts, where the first part explored the variation in water depth from 1 cm to 5 cm, the second part evaluated the effect of increasing inlet water temperature from 30℃ to 50℃, and the third part added fins at the bottom of the still at a specific inlet water depth. Results showed that basin depth had a significant impact on the still's production, with a maximum variation of 40.6% observed when the water level was changed from 1 cm to 5 cm. The daily freshwater production from the pyramid solar still ranged from 3.41 kg/m~2 for a water depth of 1 cm to 2.02 kg/m~2 for a depth of 5 cm. Adding fins at the bottom of the pyramid solar still led to a 7.5% increase in productivity, while adjusting the inlet water temperature from 30℃ to 40℃ and 50℃ resulted in a 15.3% and 21.2% increase, respectively. These findings highlighted the essential factors that can influence the productivity of pyramid solar stills and can be valuable in designing and operating efficient water desalination and purification technologies.

关键词： Pyramid solar still Basin depth Freshwater Efficiency Desalination

Risk stratification of renal transplant recipients using routine parameters: Implication of learning from SARS-CoV-2 into transplant follow-up program

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第6期13卷 344-356页

作者： Abbas Ghazanfar Madiha Abbas Md Walid Hussain malik Kayal Renal and Transplant Unit St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW170QTUnited Kingdom Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Epsom and St Helier University Hospitals NHS TrustLondon KT87EGUnited Kingdom Department of Renal and Transplant Surgery St Georges University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondon SW170QTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection is a global pandemic that is associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality among recipients of solid organ *** the course of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection,various laboratory markers have been identified as predictors for high risk of *** To risk stratify renal transplant recipients(RTxR)using general demographic parameters,comorbidities and routine laboratory markers for the severity of the disease and its *** believe that learning about these routinely monitored parameters can help us plan better strategies for the RTxR follow-up *** This present study includes RTxR who acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection from March 2020 to February *** recorded the basic demographics,comorbidities and routine laboratory *** investigated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on RTxRs and risk-stratified the progression of disease severity and outcomes in terms of recovery or *** From 505 RTxRs in our renal transplant follow-up program,29(7.75%)RTxRs had PCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 *** recorded 8 deaths from SARS-CoV-2 infection giving an overall mortality rate of 1.6%but a significant 27.6%mortality in SARS-CoV-2 positive *** more than 68 years,non-Caucasian ethnicity and male gender were associated with a significant drop in survival probability;P≤0.001.<0.001 and<0.0001 respectively.87.5%of the deceased were diabetic;P≤*** glomerular filtration rate of less than 26 mL/min/1.73 m2,serum albumin less than 20 g/L,Hemoglobin less than 9.6 g/L and serum calcium less than 1.70 mmol/L were all associated with significantly increased risk of mortality;P=0.0128,<0.001,<0.0001 and 0.0061 *** This study has identified some routinely used modifiable parameters in predicting a higher risk of mortality and *** knowledge can be used in RTxR follow-up programs by addressing these parameters

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mortality Renal transplant recipients Glomerular filtration rate Anemia Albumin Calcium Reducing morbidity and mortality Renal transplant follow-up program