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Dynamic Behaviour of Pond Ash Mixed with Coir and Crumb Rubber

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第3期11卷 1271-1291页

作者： Ashish malik Sanjay Kumar Singh Civil Engineering Department Punjab Engineering College(Deemed to be University)Chandigarh160012India

An experimental program was conducted to determine the dynamic properties of pond ash(PA)and pond ash mixed with admixtures like crumb rubber(CR)and coir fiber(CF)which are wastes of different *** CR and CF were mixed separately with pond ash in a percentage ranging from 0%–20%at an interval of 5%and 0%–2%at an interval of 0.5%by weight of pond ash,*** properties(Shear modulus,Number of cycles to initiate liquefaction,Degradation index and Damping ratio)for pond ash mixes were determined using strain-controlled cyclic tri-axial *** shear strain was kept constant at 1.2%and the frequency varied from 0.4 to 1 *** resistance improves when crumb rubber is added to pond ash,however adding Coir fiber to pond ash has essentially no effect on the number of cycles required to initiate *** dynamic shear modulus decreases when crumb rubber was mixed in pond ash whereas when coir fiber is added to pond ash,the dynamic shear modulus increases significantly.A mix of PA,CR,and CF was also tried to balance the number of cycles required to initiate liquefaction and shear *** mixed sample in the proportion of PA(84%)+CR(15)+CF(1%)can be termed a balanced mix as the number of cycles to initiate liquefaction was more than all PA-CF mixes and also the shear modulus was more than all PA-CR *** ratio increases with increasing frequency of loading(0.4 to 1 Hz).

关键词： Pond ash coir crumb rubber cyclic loading liquefaction

青藏高原及其周边成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪综合地层、生物群与古地理演化

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第4期54卷 936-967页

作者：孙郎 malik Muhammad Saud Sajid KHAN 杨传孙智新潘兵 Shehryar AHMED 苗兰云孙玮辰胡春林孙晓娟罗翠陈波殷宗军赵方臣李国祥朱茂炎中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室南京210008 中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院北京100049

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系... 详细信息

青藏高原及其周边的块体,包括印度板块、拉萨地块、羌塘地块、塔里木板块、欧龙布鲁克地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块、华北板块、扬子板块、中伊朗地块和阿曼等,以及各块体之间造山带的复杂演化历史是地球科学研究的前沿和热点.成冰系和埃迪卡拉系广泛分布于该地区的各个构造单元,其中阿曼、印度板块、扬子板块以及塔里木板块发育有相对完整的成冰系和埃迪卡拉系;而在中伊朗地块、南羌塘地块、中祁连地块、阿拉善地块及华北板块,目前已知仅有埃迪卡拉系发育.基于前人对青藏高原及其周边地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系的研究,结合第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目开展以来获得的新资料和研究进展,本文建立了该地区成冰系和埃迪卡拉系代表性地层序列对比表.在此基础上,本文梳理了该地区这一时期生物群和重大地质事件的研究现状和存在的问题.结果表明,该地区各板块埃迪卡拉纪化石的保存和组合面貌各具特色,但普遍发现有典型埃迪卡拉纪末期化石分子Cloudina和Shaanxilithes;除成冰纪两次全球性冰期事件外,在青藏高原北缘各块体(华北板块、阿拉善地块、北祁连构造带、中祁连地块、欧龙布鲁克地块、塔里木板块)以及伊朗中南部普遍记录了一次埃迪卡拉纪晚期的冰川事件,但该事件的时限、分布范围和成因有待进一步揭示;同时,埃迪卡拉纪中期DOUNCE/Shruam碳同位素负异常事件在青藏高原周边地区也具有广泛记录.综合现有研究资料发现,在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间,青藏高原及其周边地区大多数块体从罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解出来后,可能通过泛非运动构成东冈瓦纳大陆的一部分,而部分板块(如华北板块)位于冈瓦纳大陆和劳伦大陆之间.总体而言,该地区的主要块体在成冰纪-埃迪卡拉纪期间具体的古地理演化模型存在较多争议,亟需开展进一步的研究工作.

关键词：青藏高原成冰系埃迪卡拉系地层古地理生物群冈瓦纳大陆

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Fault Detection for Microgrid Feeders Using Features Based on Superimposed Positive-sequence Power

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2023年第6期11卷 1948-1958页

作者： Salauddin Ansari Om Hari Gupta Om P.malik Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyJamshedpur 831014India IEEE Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary2500 University Drive NWCalgary Alberta T2N 1N4Canada

With the integration of distributed generation(DG) into a microgrid, fault detection has become a major task to accomplish. A scheme for microgrid feeder protection based on a newly proposed feature, ΔRP, defined as the ratio of the sum of positive-sequence real power(PSRP) at the two ends of the feeder to the larger of the PSRPs among the two ends, is proposed. If ΔRP is larger than a threshold, an internal fault is detected;otherwise, the fault is external or there is no fault. The proposed scheme is tested in various scenarios, including fault type, fault resistance, fault location, fault inception angle, varying DG penetration levels, and simultaneous, evolving, and composite faults. In addition to this, the proposed scheme offers a robust performance when subjected to noise, synchronization error, changes in sampling frequency, and changes in the topology of a microgrid. The dominancy of the proposed scheme is proven by a comprehensive comparative study with various available recent schemes. Test results on the IEEE 13-bus network indicate the viability of the proposed protection scheme for a microgrid. Finally, the proposed scheme has been validated on a real-time simulator.

关键词： Fault detection distributed generation microgrid protection superimposed power

On the applicability of various levels of detail for occupant behavior representation and modeling in building performance simulation

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第8期16卷 1481-1498页

作者： Jeetika malik Handi Chandra Putra Kaiyu Sun Tianzhen Hong Building Technology and Urban System Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Occupant behavior(OB)is one of the significant sources of uncertainty in building performance *** OB modeling has received increased attention in the past decade,research on the degree of granularity or level of detail(LoD)required for representing occupants is still in the nascent *** paper analyzes the modeling and applicability of three LoDs to represent occupants in building performance assessment.A medium-sized prototype office building located in Chicago,Illinois is used as the simulation case *** occupant-centric attributes are adopted to develop the LoDs for OB *** first demonstrate the different modeling approaches required for simulating the three fidelity ***,we illustrate the suitability of the developed LoDs in supporting six building performance use cases across different lifecycle *** study intends to provide guidance for the building simulation community on appropriate OB representation to support various use cases.

关键词： occupant behavior agent-based modeling building performance simulation level of detail fit-for-purpose office buildings

Remimazolam for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第7期16卷 385-395页

作者： Dushyant Singh Dahiya Ganesh Kumar Syeda Parsa Manesh Kumar Gangwani Hassam Ali Amir Humza Sohail Saqr Alsakarneh Umar Hayat Sheza malik Yash R Shah Bhanu Siva Mohan Pinnam Sahib Singh Islam Mohamed Adishwar Rao Saurabh Chandan Mohammad Al-Haddad Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology&MotilityThe University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityMO 66160United States Department of Internal Medicine Chandka Medical CollegeSindh 77280Pakistan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Arkansas For Medical SciencesLittle RockAR 72205United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionEast Carolina University/Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27858United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64108United States Department of Internal Medicine Geisinger Wyoming Valley Medical CenterWilkes BarrePA 18711United States Department of Internal Medicine Rochester General HospitalRochesterNY 14621United States Department of Internal Medicine Trinity Health Oakland/Wayne State UniversityPontiacMI 48341United States Department of Internal Medicine John H.Stroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIL 60612United States Department of Internal Medicine Sinai hospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Department of Hepatology University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211United States Department of Internal Medicine Guthrie Robert Packer HospitalSayrePA 18840United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicineOmahaNE 68131United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

Worldwide,a majority of routine endoscopic procedures are performed under some form of sedation to maximize patient ***,benzodiazepines and opioids continue to be widely ***,in recent years,Remimazolam is gaining immense popularity for procedural sedation in gastrointestinal(GI)*** is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine sedative which was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2020 for use in procedural *** has shown a favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in terms of its non-specific metabolism by tissue esterase,volume of distribution,total body clearance,and negligible drug-drug *** also has satisfactory efficacy and has achieved high rates of successful sedation in GI ***,studies have demonstrated that the efficacy of Remimazolam is non-inferior to Propofol,which is currently a gold standard for procedural sedation in most parts of the ***,the use of Propofol is associated with hemodynamic instability and respiratory *** contrast,Remimazolam has lower incidence of these adverse effects intra-procedurally and hence,may provide a safer alternative to Propofol in procedural *** this comprehensive narrative review,highlight the pharmacologic characteristics,efficacy,and safety of Remimazolam for procedural *** also discuss the potential of Remimazolam as a suitable alternative and how it can shape the future of procedural sedation in gastroenterology.

关键词： Remimazolam Endoscopy Sedation Outcomes Efficacy Safety Pharmacokinetics

Real-time visual inspection system for grading fruits using computer vision and deep learning techniques

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第1期9卷 24-37页

作者： Nazrul Ismail Owais A.malik Digital Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJln Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

Traditional manual visual grading of fruits has been one of the important challenges faced by the agricultural industry due to its laborious nature as well as inconsistency in inspec-tion and classification *** defects detection using computer vision and machine learning has become a promising area of research with a high and direct impact on the domain of visual *** this study,we propose an efficient and effective machine vision system based on the state-of-the-art deep learning techniques and stack-ing ensemble methods to offer a non-destructive and cost-effective solution for automat-ing the visual inspection of fruits’freshness and *** trained,tested and compared the performance of various deep learning models including ResNet,DenseNet,MobileNetV2,NASNet and EfficientNet to find the best model for the grading of *** proposed system also provides a real time visual inspection using a low cost Raspberry Pi module with a camera and a touchscreen display for user *** real time sys-tem efficiently segments multiple instances of the fruits from an image and then grades the individual objects(fruits)*** system was trained and tested on two data sets(apples and bananas)and the average accuracy was found to be 99.2% and 98.6% using EfficientNet model for apples and bananas test sets,***,a slight improvement in the recognition rate(0.03% for apples and 0.06% for bananas)was noted while applying the stacking ensemble deep learning *** performance of the developed system has been found higher than the existing methods applied to the same data sets ***,during real-time testing on actual samples,the accuracy was found to be 96.7% for apples and 93.8% for bananas which indicates the efficacy of the developed system.

关键词： Deep learning Fruit classification Computer vision Real-time system Raspberry Pi Agriculture

Developing occupant archetypes within urban low-income housing: A case study in Mumbai, India

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Building Simulation 2022年第9期15卷 1661-1683页

作者： Jeetika malik Ronita Bardhan Tianzhen Hong Mary Ann Piette Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron RoadBerkeleyCA 94720USA Centre for Urban Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai-400076India Department of Architecture University of CambridgeCB2 IPXUK

Rapid urbanization pressure and poverty have created a push for affordable housing within the global *** design of affordable housing can have consequences on the thermal(dis)comfort and behaviour of the occupants,hence requiring an occupant-centric approach to ensure *** paper investigates occupant behaviour within the urban poor households of Mumbai,India and its impact on their thermal comfort and energy *** study is a first-of-its-kind attempt to explore the socio-demographic characteristics and energy-related behaviour of low-income occupants within Indian *** occupant archetypes,Indifferent Consumers;Considerate Savers;and Conscious Conventionals,were identified from the behavioural and psychographic characteristics gathered through a transverse field survey.A two-step clustering approach was adopted for occupant segmentation that highlighted considerable diversity in occupants’adaptation measures,energy knowledge,energy habits,and their pro-environmental behaviour within similar socio-economic *** energy simulation of the representative archetype behaviour estimated up to 37%variations for air-conditioned and up to 8%variation for fan-assisted naturally ventilated housing units during peak summer *** results from this study establish the significance of occupant factors in shaping energy demand and thermal comfort within low-income housing and pave way for developing occupant-centric building design strategies to serve this marginalized *** developed low-income occupant archetypes would be useful for architects and energy modelers to generate realistic energy use profiles and improve building performance simulation results.

关键词： occupant archetype behaviour energy use thermal comfort low-income housing

Biosynthesized metallic nanoparticles as fertilizers:An emerging precision agriculture strategy

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第5期21卷 1225-1242页

作者： Busiswa NDABA Ashira ROOPNARAIN Haripriya RAMA malik MAAZA Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group Agricultural Research Council-Natural Resources and EngineeringPretoria 0001South Africa Department of Physics College of ScienceEngineering and TechnologyUniversity of South AfricaJohannesburg 1709South Africa Nanosciences African Network Materials Research DepartmentiThemba LABS-National Research FoundationCape Town 7131South Africa

Nanofertilizers increase efficiency and sustainability of agricultural crop *** to their nanosize properties,they have been shown to increase productivity through target delivery or slow release of nutrients,thereby limiting the rate of fertilizer application *** can be synthesized via different approaches ranging from physical and chemical to green(biological)*** green approach is preferable because it makes use of less chemicals,thereby producing less chemical contamination and it is safer in comparison to physicochemical ***,discussion on the use of green synthesized nanoparticles as nanofertilizers is pertinent for a sustainable approach in *** review discusses recent developments and applications of biologically synthesized metallic nanoparticles that can also be used as nanofertilizers,as well as their uptake mechanisms for plant *** concerns of nanoparticle applications in agriculture are also discussed.

关键词： biosynthesis metallic nanoparticles nanofertilizers precision agriculture food security

Fragility and challenges of health systems in pandemic: lessons from India's second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

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Global Health Journal 2022年第1期6卷 44-49页

作者： Manzoor Ahmad malik Department of Humanities and Social Sciences Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkeeHaridwar 247667India

The unprecedented healthcare demand due to sudden outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has almost collapsed the health care systems especially in the developing world. Given the disastrous outbreak of COVID-19 second wave in India, the health system of country was virtually at the brink of collapse. Therefore, to identify the factors that resulted into breakdown and the challenges, Indian healthcare system faced during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic, this paper analysed the health system challenges in India and the way forward in accordance with the six building blocks of world health organization (WHO). Applying integrated review approach, we found that the factors such as poor infrastructure, inadequate financing, lack of transparency and poor healthcare management resulted into the overstretching of healthcare system in India. Although health system in India faced these challenges from the very beginning, but early lessons from first wave should have been capitalized to avert the much deeper crisis in the second wave of the pandemic. To sum-up given the likely future challenges of pandemic, while healthcare should be prioritized with adequate financing, strong capacity-building measures and integration of public and private sectors in India. Likewise fiscal stimulus, risk assessment, data availability and building of human resources chain are other key factors to be strengthened for mitigating the future healthcare crisis in country.

关键词： Healthcare Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)Pandemics Health financing Health crisis Second wave Third wave India