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Effect of Cu and Ni on Growth, Mineral Uptake,Photosynthesis and Enzyme Activities of Chlorella vulgaris at Different pH Values

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1994年第1期7卷 56-67页

作者： P.K.rai NirupamaMALLICK 等 LaboratoryofAlgalBiology CentreofAdvancedStudyinBotanyBanarasHinduUniversityVaransi－221005India La

A pH dependent reduction in growth, Pigment, ATP content, O,' evolution, carbonfixation, Photosynthetic electron transport system, nutrient uptake (NO,' and NH4+),nitrate reductase, and ATPase activities and increase in K+ emux of Chlorella vulgaris wasnoticed following supplementation of Cu and Ni to the culture medium. PS II was foundto be more sensitive to both pH and metals than PS I. Though, nitrate reductase (NR) wasmore sensitive to both PH and metals, the ATPase was however, more sensitive t0 metalsbut less sensitive to acidic pH. Acid PH was found to dst the nutrient (NO,' and NH4+)uptake and nitrate reductase in a non-competitive manner. The inhibition Pnduced by thetest metals alone was of noncompetitive type for NO3' uptake, nitrate reductase andATPase and competitive for NH'+ uptake. Acidity not only inhibited the metabolicvariables directly but also through facilitated uptake of metals and increased membranepermeability. A very low sensitivity of ATPase to acidic pH seems to be resgnsible forthe survival of algae in acid environment.

关键词： Mineral Uptake,Photosynthesis and Enzyme Activities of Chlorella vulgaris at Different pH Values Effect of Cu and Ni on Growth pH Cu Ni

Metal Induced Inhibition of Photosynthesis,Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain and ATP Content of Anabaena doliolum and Chlorella vulgaris:Interaction with Exogenous ATP

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1992年第3期5卷 241-250页

作者： NIRUPA MAMALLICK L.C.rai Laboratory of Algal Biology Centre of Advanced Study in Botany Banaras Hindu UniversityLaboratory of Algal Biology Centre of Advanced Study in Botany Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 IndiaVaranasi 221005 India

This study demonstrates a concentration dependent inhibition of carbon fixation, O2 evolution, photosynthetic electron transport chain and ATP content of A. doliolum and C. vulgaris by Cu, Ni and Fe. Although the mode of inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport chain of both the algae was similar, PS II depicted greater sensitivity to the test metals used. The toxicity in both organisms was Cu > Ni > Fe. A. doliolum was, however, more sensitive to Cu and Ni, and C. vulgaris to Fe. Toxicity was generally dependent on metal uptake, which in turn was dependent on their concentrations in the external medium. A partial restoration of nutrient uptake, carbon fixation, and enzyme activities following supplementation of exogenous ATP suggests that ATP regulates toxicity through chelation.

关键词： Metal Induced Inhibition of Photosynthesis,Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain and ATP Content of Anabaena doliolum and Chlorella vulgaris ATP

Role of Helicobacter pylori in gastric cancer:Updates

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2016年第2期8卷 147-158页

作者： Jahanarah Khatoon Ravi Prakash rai Kashi Nath Prasad department of microbiology sanjay gandhi postgraduate institute of medical sciencesLucknowUttar Pradesh 226014India

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is highly prevalent in human,affecting nearly half of the world's population; however,infection remains asymptomatic in majority of population. During its co-existence with humans,H. pylori has evolved various strategies to maintain a mild gastritis and limit the immune response of host. On the other side,presence of *** is also associated with increased risk for the development of various gastric pathologies including gastric cancer(GC). A complex combination of host genetics,environmental agents,and bacterial virulence factors are considered to determine the susceptibility as well as the severity of outcome in a subset of individuals. GC is one of the most common cancers and considered as the third most common cause of cancer related death worldwide. Many studies had proved H. pylori as an important risk factor in the development of non-cardia GC. Although both H. pylori infection and GC are showing decreasing trends in the developed world,they still remain a major threat to human population in the developing countries. The current review attempts to highlight recent progress in the field of research on H. pylori induced GC and aims to provide brief insight into H. pylori pathogenesis,the role of major virulence factors of H. pylori that modulates the host environment and transform the normal gastric epithelium to neoplastic one. This review also emphasizes on the mechanistic understanding of how colonization and various virulence attributes of H. pylori as well as the host innate and adaptive immune responses modulate the diverse signaling pathways that leads to different disease outcomes including GC.

关键词： Cag pathogenicity island Gastric cancer Gastric mucosa Helicobacter pylori Type Ⅳ secretionsystem

Mix design,development,production and policies of recycled hot mix asphalt:A review

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2022年第5期9卷 765-794页

作者： Ankit Sharma Gondaimei Ransinchung Rongmei Naga Praveen Kumar Priti rai Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkee 247667India

Worldwide,flexible pavements are the paramount type of *** national assets can be recycled to serve the next design life without the need to dispose of them in *** old/distressed,flexible pavement material is called,reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)*** view of the sustainable development practice,100%RAP should be ***,the practical range of RAP incorporation in a drum mix plant ranges from 10%to 50%whereas in a batch mix plant,it is 10%-35%.In a batch mix plant,incorporation of the hot dried RAP(instead of cold RAP feeding)can increase the RAP incorporation level by 20%.Studies recommended that the rejuvenator should be added over the RAP material instead adding with the base *** addition of rejuvenator on the RAP conveyor belt(to the pug mill),provided sufficient time for rejuvenating the aged binder coating over RAP ***,a thorough knowledge of the mix design process of recycled hot mix asphalt(RAP-HMA)is essential to produce a durable *** high RAP content(>20%),the RAP binder properties are important for the mix design ***,very limited studies discussed(in detail)the recovery process of the RAP *** review article through light on the binder recovery process,method of RAP gradation,specific gravity determination for RAP material,minimum desirable properties of the RAP material *** review paper also provides a narrative review of the historical development of RAP-HMA technology,technical aspects related to the procurement of RAP material,mix design and production of the recycled ***,the international&national policies/laws for construction and demolition waste are discussed.

关键词： Reclaimed asphalt pavement Hot mix asphalt Recycled mix Blending chart Rejuvenator dose Batch and drum asphalt plant

Modulatory effects of Azadirachta indica on benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach tumorigenesis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第17期12卷 2749-2755页

作者： Subhash Chander Gangar Rajat Sandhir Durg Vijay rai Ashwani Koul Department of Biophysics Basic Medical Sciences Block Panjab UniversityChandigarhPIN-160014India Department of Biochemistry Basic Medical Sciences Block Panjab UniversityChandigarhPIN-160014India

AIM： To evaluate the chemopreventive effects of aqueous Azadimchta indica （A indica） leaf extract （AAILE） against benzo（a）pyrene [B（a）P]-induced forestomach tumorigenesis in Balb/c mice. METHODS： Female Balb/c mice were divided into four groups of 10-12 animals each. For induction of forestomach tumors, starting from d 14 of the experiment, mice of B（a）P and B（a）P＋A indica groups were given intra-gastric instillations of B（a）P （40 mg/kg）, twice a week for four weeks. Mice ofA indica and B（a）P＋A indica groups were orally administered with AAILE （100 mg/kg）, two weeks prior to B（a）P instillations till the end of the experiment. After 22 wk of the first B（a）P instillation, mice were sacrificed and the forestomachs were analyzed for development of tumors, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and histopathology. RESULTS： Tumor incidence was observed to be 100% in mice that received only B（a）P. However, treatment with AAILE reduced the tumor incidence by 58.4% as observed in mice of B（a）P＋A indica group when compared to that of B（a）P group. Similarly, the tumor burden and multiplicity were seen to decrease by 87.3% and 69.6% respectively in mice of B（a）P＋A indica group when compared to those of B（a）P group. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that AAILE treatment itself did not cause any abnormalities on the surface architecture of forestomach epithelium. In tumorous forestomach, surface disruption was observed. Over the forestomach tumors of B（a）P group of mice certain rounded structures were seen in addition to closely placed tongue-shaped squamous cells. Interestingly, these rounded structures were not observed in B（a）P ＋ A indica group of mice. Histopathalogically, the tumors were identical and diagnosed to be papillomas. Mice from control and A indica groups of mice did not develop any forestomach tumors and showed normal histo-architecture. CONCLUSION： The present data suggest that A indica exerts chemopreventive effects against B（a）P-induced forestomac

关键词： Azadirachta indica Benzo(a)pyrene, Chemoprevention Histopathology Scanning electron microscopy

Satellite Image Classification Using a Hybrid Manta Ray Foraging Optimization Neural Network

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第1期6卷 44-54页

作者： Amit Kumar rai Nirupama Mandal Krishna Kant Singh Ivan Izonin Department of Electronics Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyDhanbad(ISMDhanbad)Dhanbad 826004India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Asansol Engineering CollegeAsansol 713305India Department of CSE ASETAmity UniversityNoida 201301India Department of Artificial Intelligence Lviv Polytechnic National UniversityLviv 79000Ukraine

A semi supervised image classification method for satellite images is proposed in this *** satellite images contain enormous data that can be used in various *** analysis of the data is a tedious task due to the amount of data and the heterogeneity of the ***,in this paper,a Radial Basis Function Neural Network(RBFNN)trained using Manta Ray Foraging Optimization algorithm(MRFO)is *** is a three-layer network comprising of input,output,and hidden layers that can process large *** trained network can discover hidden data patterns in unseen *** learning algorithm and seed selection play a vital role in the performance of the *** seed selection is done using the spectral indices to further improve the performance of the *** manta ray foraging optimization algorithm is inspired by the intelligent behaviour of manta *** emulates three unique foraging behaviours namelys chain,cyclone,and somersault *** satellite images contain enormous amount of data and thus require exploration in large search *** spiral movement of the MRFO algorithm enables it to explore large search spaces *** proposed method is applied on pre and post flooding Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)images of New Brunswick *** method was applied to identify and classify the land cover changes in the area induced by *** images are classified using the proposed method and a change map is developed using post classification *** change map shows that a large amount of agricultural area was washed away due to *** measurement of the affected area in square kilometres is also performed for mitigation *** results show that post flooding the area covered by water is increased whereas the vegetated area is *** performance of the proposed method is done with existing state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Radial Basis Function Neural Network(RBFNN) Manta Ray Foraging Optimization algorithm(MRFO) Landsat 8 classification change detection disaster mitigation planning

A Single Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACL-R) Using Hamstring Tendon Autograft and Tibialis Anterior Tendon Allograft:A Comparative Study

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Current Medical Science 2018年第5期38卷 818-826页

作者： Saroj rai Sheng-yang JIN Bimal rai Nira TAMANG Wei HUANG Xian-zhe LIU Chun-qing MENG Hong WANG Department of Orthopaedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China Department of Radiology Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China School of Nursing Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China National Trauma Center National Academy of Medical SciencesKathmandu 44600Nepal

The main purpose of this study patients undergoing a single bundle anterior was to compare the clinical outcomes of cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) of using quadrupled hamstring (4HT)autografts and two-strand tibialis anterior (2TA) aUografts,and to find out the rate of graft failure and possible *** hypothesized that there would be no difference in the clinical outcome,and graft failure would be associated with the use of small sized allograft in young active males with high demand of sports *** retrospectively evaluated 222 patients (male,n=167,female,n=55) undergoing ACL-R between January 2010 and July *** 222 patients,115 were included in the 4HT autograft group and 107 patients in the 2TA allograft *** criteria were primary unilateral ACL-R with a minor MCL (

关键词： anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction autograft allograft hamstring tendon tibialis anterior tendon

MicroRNA aberrations:An emerging field for gallbladdercancer management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第5期22卷 1787-1799页

作者： Vishal Chandra Jong Joo Kim Balraj Mittal Rajani rai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Stephenson Cancer CenterUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences CenterOklahoma CityOK 73104United States Department of Biosciences Integral UniversityLucknow 226026(UP)India School of Biotechnology Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan 712-749South Korea Department of Genetics Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014India

Gallbladder cancer(GBC) is infrequent but most lethal biliary tract malignancy characterized by an advanced stage diagnosis and poor survival rates attributed to absence of specific symptoms and effective treatment options. These necessitate development of early prognostic/predictive markers and novel therapeutic interventions. Micro RNAs(mi RNAs) are small, noncoding RNA molecules that play a key role in tumor biology by functioning like tumor suppressor- or oncogenes and their aberrant expression are associated with the pathogenesis of several neoplasms with overwhelming clinical implications. Since mi RNA signature is tissue specific, here, we focused on current data concerning the mi RNAs abberations in GBC pathogenesis. In GBC, mi RNAs with tumor suppressor activity(mi R-135-5p, mi R-335, mi R-34 a, mi R-26 a, mi R-146b-5p, Mir-218-5p, mi R-1, mi R-145, mir-130a) were found downregulated, while those with oncogenic property(mi R-20 a, mi R-182, mir-155) were upregulated. The expression profile of mi RNAs was significantly associated with GBC prognosis and prediction, and forced over-expression/ inhibition of these mi RNAs was shown to affect tumor growth and development. Further, differential expression of mi RNAs in the blood samples of GBC patients suggest mi RNAs as promising noninvasive biomarker. Thus, mi RNAs represent potential candidate for GBC management, though many hurdles need to be overcome before mi RNAs therapy can be clinically applied to GBC prevention and treatment.

关键词： Gallbladder cancer MicroRNA Aberrations Tumor suppressor gene Oncogene Biomarker Therapy

Mass balance and morphological evolution of the Dokriani Glacier,central Himalaya,India during 1999–2014

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 255-267页

作者： Purushottam Kumar Garg Jairam Singh Yadav Santosh Kumar rai Aparna Shukla Indian Institute of Technology Indore Khandwa RoadSimrolIndore 453552India Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology 33GMS RoadDehradun 248001India Ministry of Earth Sciences Prithvi BhavanLodhi RoadNew Delhi 110003India

Glaciological mass balance(MB)is considered the most direct,undelayed and unfiltered response of the glaciers to climatic ***,it may inherit errors associated with stake underrepresentation,averaging over the entire glacier and human ***,proper validation of glaciological MB with geodetic MB is highly recommended by the World Glacier Monitoring Service(WGMS).The present study focuses on the Dokriani Glacier,central Himalaya which is one of the bench-mark glaciers in the region and has glaciological MB records from 1993 to 2013 with intermittent *** the present study,firstly the glaciological MB series is extended to 2014 i.e.,field-based MB for one more year is computed and,to compare with it,the geodetic MB is computed for the 1999–2014 period using high resolution Cartosat-1 digital elevation model(DEM)and SRTM ***,the study assesses the regional representation of the Dokriani Glacier in terms of MB and evaluates the influence of the MB regime on its morphological *** show that the average glaciological MB(-0.34±0.2 m water equivalent(w.e.)y-1)is more negative than the geodetic MB(-0.23±0.1 m w.e.y-1)for the 1999–2014 *** is likely because of the partial representation of glacier margins in the glaciological MB,where melting is strikingly low owing to thick debris cover(>30 cm).In contrast,geodetic MB considers all marginal pixels leading to a comparatively low MB.A comparative assessment shows that the MB of Dokriani Glacier is less negative(possibly due to its huge accumulation area)than most other glacier-specific and regional MBs,restricting it to be a representative glacier in the ***,continuous negative MB has brought a peculiar change in the epiglacial morphology in the lower tongue of the glacier as differential debris thickness-induced differential melting has turned the glacier surface into a concave *** concavity has led to development of a large(10–20 m deep)supraglacial ch

关键词： Glacier mass balance Debris cover Epiglacial morphology Supraglacial channel Dokriani Glacier Central Himalaya