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Non-invasive home ventilation using the average volume assured pressure support feature in an infant with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and chronic respiratory failure

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Pediatric Investigation 2020年第3期4卷 222-224页

作者： vishal Saddi Ganesh Thambipillay Arthur Teng Department of Sleep Medicine Sydney Children’s HospitalSydneyNew South WalesAustralia School of Women and Children’s Health Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Introduction:While majority of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)can be discharged home without low flow oxygen or on supplemental low flow oxygen,some require long term home mechanical *** presentation:We present a case of an extremely premature infant with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia who was successfully managed at home on a new feature of non-invasive ventilation called average volume assured pressure support(AVAPS)without the need for *** AVAPS feature enables the machine to deliver a consistent tidal volume by automatically adjusting the inspiratory pressure within a set ***:The use of AVAPS feature in our case improved ventilation as indicated by a more stable gas exchange profile,making home non-invasive ventilation a more practicable method of managing severe BPD in this infant.

关键词： Bronchopulmonary dysplasia Home ventilation Infant Average volume assured pressure support (AVAPS)

Visible light photocatalysis in the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant heterocyclic scaffolds

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Organic Chemistry Frontiers 2022年第5期9卷 1485-1507页

作者： vishal Srivastava Pravin K.Singh Shraddha Tivari Praveen P.Singh Department of Chemistry CMP Degree CollegeUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002India Department of Chemistry United College of Engineering&ResearchNainiPrayagraj 211010India

Visible light and photoredox catalysis have emerged as a powerful and long-lasting tool for organic syn-thesis,demonstrating the importance of a variety of chemical bond formation *** products,physiologically active substances,medicines,and agrochemicals all contain heterocyclic *** impact of visible light-promoted chemistry on the functionalization of heterocycles as well as the syn-thesis and modification of heterocyclic compounds of medicinal importance is summarized in this review.

关键词： heterocyclic Visible synthesis

Relativistic Self-Focusing of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian Laser Beam in Magnetoplasma with Exponential Plasma Density Ramp

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2019年第12期71卷 1469-1474页

作者： Niti Kant Shivani Vij Sudarshan Kumar Chakravarti Juleshwar Prasad Kushwaha vishal Thakur Dcpartmcnt of Physics Lovely Professional UniversityG.T.Hoad.Phagwara 144411PunjabIndia Department of Applied Sciences DAV Institute of Engineering&TechnologyJalandhar-144008PunjabIndia Department of Physics T.M.B.UniversityUhagalpurIndia

In the present manuscript,we analyse the effect of exponential plasma density ramp for relativistic selffocusing of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian laser pulse in *** exponential plasma density ramp is found to be more prominent in achieving the stronger self-focusing of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian laser beam in comparison to the tangential plasma density *** propose a theoretical model for propagation of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian laser pulse in magnetoplasma with exponential density *** nonlinearity in the medium arises because of the relativistic motion of electrons,being responsible for relativistic *** of the beam width parameter is set up by taking the expression for the dielectric function and following Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin(WKB)with paraxial ray approximations for mode indices m=0,1 and *** of decentered parameter is also analysed,which results in stronger self-focusing of the Hermite-cosh-Gaussian laser *** self-focusing of laser beam is more pronounced in high density plasma with higher magnetic field.

关键词： self-focusing decentered parameter exponential density ramp Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beam

A study of attributable variables impacting orthopedic trauma surgical training

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2019年第5期22卷 278-280页

作者： Rajeev Shukla vishal Singh Champawat Ravi Kant Jain Department of Orthopedics Sri Aurobindo Medical College and PG InstituteIndoreMadhya PradeshIndia

Purpose:In medical colleges,reside nt training programs must provide adequate surgical experiences,making them qualified at the end of residency *** is generally believed that it would take more time for a surgical resident to perform surgical procedures than a board-certified *** is no current benchmark w让h regards to operative time and surgical cases involving orthopedic surgery *** this study,we focused on two key aspects of surgical training variables,namely,surgical duration&C-arm shoots when the procedure is done by a faculty surgeon in comparison to done by an orthopedic reside nt under supervision of faculty ***:It is an observational prospective study,we observed patients undergoing 1 of 5 common orthopedic trauma operations in a community teaching *** recorded two variables,'skin to'skin surgical duration&number of image intensifier television/C-arm shoots of faculty surgeons and orthopedic resident(postgraduate-3yr)under supervision of faculty *** calculated mean difference of two variables with or without resident&determined statistical significance,we also compared functional outcome at final ***:The total number of procedure observed was *** observing summarized results of all surgical procedures,faculty surgeons took on an average 33 min lesser(p0.05)in functional outcome of cases performed by faulty surge on and ***:Little data has been previously published regarding the impact of teaching orthopedic resident in operating *** demonstrate that resident participation increases the procedure time fo

关键词： Orthopedics Surgical training Surgical procedures Resident training

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 — tumor marker: Past, present, andfuture

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2020年第12期12卷 468-490页

作者： Tsinrong Lee Thomas Zheng Jie Teng vishal G Shelat Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore

Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a cell surface glycoprotein complex mostcommonly associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Koprowskifirst described it in 1979 using a mouse monoclonal antibody in a colorectalcarcinoma cell line. Historically, it is one of the most commonly used tumormarkers for diagnosing, managing, and prognosticating PDAC. Additionally,elevated CA 19-9 levels are used as an indication for surgery in suspected benignpancreatic conditions. Another common application of CA 19-9 in the biliary tractincludes its use as an adjunct in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma. However, itsclinical value is not limited to the hepatopancreatobiliary system. The reality isthat the advancing literature has broadened the clinical value of CA 19-9. Thepotential value of CA 19-9 in patients' workup extends its reach to gastrointestinalcancers – such as colorectal and oesophageal cancer – and further beyond thegastrointestinal tract - including urological, gynecological, pulmonary, andthyroid pathologies. Apart from its role in investigations, CA 19-9 presents apotential therapeutic target in PDAC and acute pancreatitis. In a bid toconsolidate its broad utility, we appraised and reviewed the biomarker’s currentutility and limitations in investigations and management, while discussing thepotential applications for CA 19-9 in the works for the future.

关键词： Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 antigen Pancreatic diseases Liver diseases Biliary tract diseases Gastrointestinal diseases Pancreatic neoplasms

Efficient and recyclable palladium enriched magnetic nanocatalyst for reduction of toxic environmental pollutants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 189-204页

作者： Manjunatha Kempasiddaiah vishal Kandathil Ramesh B.Dateer Mahiuddin Baidya Shivaputra A.Patil Siddappa A.Patil Centre for Nano and Material Sciences Jain UniversityJain Global CampusKanakapuraRamanagaramBangalore 562112India Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036Tamil NaduIndia Pharmaceutical Sciences Department College of PharmacyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA

In this paper,highly stable,powerful,and recyclable magnetic nanoparticles tethered Nheterocyclic carbene-palladium(Ⅱ)((CH_(3))_(3)-NHC-Pd@Fe_(3)O_(4))as magnetic nanocatalyst was successfully synthesized from a simplistic multistep synthesis under aerobic conditions through easily available low-cost *** synthesized(CH_(3))_(3)-NHC-Pd@Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanocatalyst was characterized from various analytical tools and catalytic potential of the(CH_(3))_(3)-NHC-Pd@Fe_3 O_4 magnetic nanocatalyst was studied for the catalytic reduction of toxic 4-nitrophenol(4-NP),hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ)),Methylene Blue(MB)and Methyl Orange(MO)at room temperature in aqueous ***-Visible spectroscopy was employed to monitor the reduction ***(CH_(3))_(3)-NHC-Pd@Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the reduction of toxic environmental ***,(CH_(3))_(3)-NHC-Pd@Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic nanocatalyst could be easily and rapidly separated from the reaction mixture with the help of an external magnet and recycled minimum five times in reduction of 4-NP,MB,MO and four times in Cr(Ⅵ)without significant loss of catalytic potential and remains stable even after reuse.

关键词： Magnetic nanocatalyst Wastewater treatment Chemical kinetics Catalyst recyclability

Medical Image Fusion Based on Anisotropic Diffusion and Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 311-327页

作者： Bhawna Goyal Ayush Dogra Rahul Khoond Dawa Chyophel Lepcha vishal Goyal Steven LFernandes Department of ECE Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering GLA UniversityMathuraIndia Department of Computer Science Design and JournalismCreighton UniversityNEUSA

The synthesis of visual information from multiple medical imaging inputs to a single fused image without any loss of detail and distortion is known as multimodal medical image *** improves the quality of biomedical images by preserving detailed features to advance the clinical utility of medical imaging meant for the analysis and treatment of medical *** study develops a novel approach to fuse multimodal medical images utilizing anisotropic diffusion(AD)and non-subsampled contourlet transform(NSCT).First,the method employs anisotropic diffusion for decomposing input images to their base and detail layers to coarsely split two features of input images such as structural and textural *** detail and base layers are further combined utilizing a sum-based fusion rule which maximizes noise filtering contrast level by effectively preserving most of the structural and textural *** is utilized to further decompose these images into their low and high-frequency *** coefficients are then combined utilizing the principal component analysis/Karhunen-Loeve(PCA/KL)based fusion rule independently by substantiating eigenfeature reinforcement in the fusion *** NSCT-based multiresolution analysis is performed on the combined salient feature information and the contrast-enhanced fusion ***,an inverse NSCT is applied to each coef-ficient to produce the final fusion *** results demonstrate an advantage of the proposed technique using a publicly accessible dataset and conducted comparative studies on three pairs of medical images from different modalities and *** approach offers better visual and robust performance with better objective measurements for research development since it excellently preserves significant salient features and precision without producing abnormal information in the case of qualitative and quantitative analysis.

关键词： Anisotropic diffusion biomedical medical health diseases adversarial attacks image fusion research and development precision

Extracellular matrix remodelling in obesity and metabolic disorders

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Life Metabolism 2023年第4期2卷 7-21页

作者： vishal Musale David H.Wasserman Li Kang Division of Systems Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of DundeeDundee DD19SYUnited Kingdom Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235United States

Obesity causes extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling which can develop into serious pathology and fibrosis, having metabolic effects in insulin-sensitive tissues. The ECM components may be increased in response to overnutrition. This review will focus on specific obesity-associated molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of ECM remodelling and the impact of specific interactions on tissue metabolism. In obesity, a complex network of signalling molecules such as cytokines and growth factors has been implicated in fibrosis. Increased ECM deposition contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance at least in part through the activation of cell surface integrin receptors and CD44 signalling cascades. These cell surface receptors transmit signals to the cell adhesome which orchestrates an intracellular response that adapts to the extracellular environment. Matrix proteins, glycoproteins, and polysaccharides interact through ligand-specific cell surface receptors that interact with the cytosolic adhesion proteins to elicit specific actions. Cell adhesion proteins may have catalytic activity or serve as scaffolds. The vast number of cell surface receptors and the complexity of the cell adhesome have made study of their roles challenging in health and disease. Further complicating the role of ECM-cell receptor interactions is the variation between cell types. This review will focus on recent insights gained from studies of two highly conserved, ubiquitous axes and how they contribute to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. These are the collagen-integrin receptor-IPP (ILK-PINCH-Parvin) axis and the hyaluronan-CD44 interaction. We speculate that targeting ECM components or their receptor-mediated cell signalling may provide novel insights into the treatment of obesity-associated cardiometabolic complications.

关键词： extracellular matrix fibrosis insulin resistance obesity metabolism

Carbon footprints in minimally invasive surgery:Good patient outcomes,but costly for the environment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1277-1285页

作者： Kai Siang Chan Hong Yee Lo vishal G Shelat Department of General Surgery Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore 308433Singapore Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 308232Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore

Advancements in technology and surgical training programs have increased the adaptability of minimally invasive surgery(MIS).Gastrointestinal MIS is superior to its open counterparts regarding post-operative morbidity and *** has become the first-line surgical intervention for some types of gastrointestinal surgery,such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy and *** dioxide(CO_(2))is the main gas used for insufflation in ***_(2)contributes 9%-26%of the greenhouse effect,resulting in global *** rise in global CO_(2)concentration since 2000 is about 20 ppm per decade,up to 10 times faster than any sustained rise in CO_(2)during the past 800000 *** 1970,there has been a steady yet worrying increase in average global temperature by 1.7℃ per century.A recent systematic review of the carbon footprint in MIS showed a range of 6-814 kg of CO_(2)emission per surgery,with higher CO_(2)emission following robotic compared to laparoscopic ***,with superior benefits of MIS over open surgery,this poses an ethical dilemma to surgeons.A recent survey in the United Kingdom of 130 surgeons showed that the majority(94%)were concerned with climate change but felt that the lack of leadership was a barrier to improving environmental *** the deleterious environmental effects of MIS,this study aims to summarize the trends of MIS and its carbon footprint,awareness and attitudes towards this issue,and efforts and challenges to ensuring environmental sustainability.

关键词： Carbon footprint Environment Environmental pollution Minimally invasive surgical procedures Sustainability