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Shadow Extraction and Elimination of Moving Vehicles for Tracking Vehicles

Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第11期77卷 2009-2030页

作者： Kalpesh Jadav vishal sorathiya Walid El-Shafai Torki Altameem Moustafa HAly Vipul Vekariya Kawsar Ahmed Francis MBui Department of Electronics&Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11362Saudi Arabia Electronics and Communications Engineering Department College of Engineering and TechnologyArab Academy for ScienceTechnology and Maritime TransportAlexandria1029Egypt Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyParul Institute of Engineering and TechnologyParul UniversityVadodaraGujarat391760India Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan57 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N5A9Canada

Shadow extraction and elimination is essential for intelligent transportation systems(ITS)in vehicle tracking *** shadow is the source of error for vehicle detection,which causes misclassification of vehicles and a high false alarm rate in the research of vehicle counting,vehicle detection,vehicle tracking,and *** of the existing research is on shadow extraction of moving vehicles in high intensity and on standard datasets,but the process of extracting shadows from moving vehicles in low light of real scenes is *** real scenes of vehicles dataset are generated by self on the Vadodara–Mumbai highway during periods of poor illumination for shadow extraction of moving vehicles to address the above *** paper offers a robust shadow extraction of moving vehicles and its elimination for vehicle *** method is distributed into two phases:In the first phase,we extract foreground regions using a mixture of Gaussian model,and then in the second phase,with the help of the Gamma correction,intensity ratio,negative transformation,and a combination of Gaussian filters,we locate and remove the shadow region from the foreground *** to the outcomes proposed method with outcomes of an existing method,the suggested method achieves an average true negative rate of above 90%,a shadow detection rate SDR(η%),and a shadow discrimination rate SDR(ξ%)of 80%.Hence,the suggested method is more appropriate for moving shadow detection in real scenes.

关键词： Change illuminations ImageJ software intelligent traffic systems mixture of Gaussian model National Institute of Health vehicle tracking

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Fibrinogen’s potential role in connecting cerebrovascular abnormalities with glymphatic dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 203-204页

作者： vishal Singh Arnab Choudhury Hyung Jin Ahn Department of Pharmacology Physiology and NeurosciencesRutgers-New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Brain Health Institute Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)stands out as the primary manifestation of age-related dementia,portraying a chronic neurodegenerative disorder distinguished by the accumulation of fibrillar amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated ***,from a clinical standpoint,AD presents itself as a complex condition with a spectrum of dysfunctions rather than a singular pathological *** often-overlooked aspect of the disease is the presence of extensive cerebrovascular abnormalities,given that the majority of AD patients experience altered cerebral blood flow,damaged vasculature,increased microinfarcts and *** models of AD further support this observation,showing cerebrovascular dysfunction such as impaired cerebral blood flow and altered cerebrovascular reactivity(Tataryn et al.,2021;Gareau et al.,2023).

关键词： cerebrovascular dysfunction Alzheimer

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Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of samarium-doped zinc oxide nanostructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第1期38卷 29-38页

作者： Sukriti Prakash Chand vishal Singh Department of Physics National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra 136119India Centre for Materials Science&Engineering National Institute of TechnologyHamirpur 177005India

In the present work,we have synthesized samarium doped zinc oxide nanostructures(Zn1-xSmxO;x=0.00,0.02,0.04 and 0.06) via chemical precipitation method and studied their structural,morphological,optical and photocatalytic properties.X-ray diffraction(XRD) patterns,PL and Raman spectra results indicate that the undoped and Sm-doped ZnO nanostructures are crystallized in a hexagonal wurtzite *** images show that the morphology of the sample changes from cubical to hexagonal nanostructures with increase in Sm3+doping *** EDX spectra confirm the incorporation of Sm3+ion in *** influence of Sm3+doping on the structure,morphology,absorption,emission and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures were investigated *** addition of Sm3+ion leads to a red shift in the optical energy band gap from 3.19 to 2.67 eV and hence,increases the visible light absorption *** presence of E2(H) and E1(LO) modes in microRaman spectra confirms the crystallinity and defects in the *** detailed photocatalytic experiments reveal that Sm-doped ZnO nanostructures show the maximum photodegradation efficiency for Methylene blue(MB) dye for x=0.04,i,e.,94.94%,under visible light *** photocatalytic efficiency improves by 6.98 times when ZnO is doped with rare earth metal ion(Sm3+) and is a potential candidate for practical *** investigation demonstrates that as-synthesized nano-sized photocatalysts act as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of MB dye.

关键词： Photocatalysis Sm-doped ZnO FESEM Micro-Raman UV-Visible spectroscopy Rare earths

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Post-cholecystectomy bile leak is not always synonymous with acute bile duct injury:Need for reclassification

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2020年第5期19卷 492-494页

作者： vishal Gupta Department of Surgical Gastroenterology King George’s Medical UniversityLucknowUP 226003India

Bile leak after laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains a significant cause of postoperative *** duct stump is the most common site(~70%)of bile leak after cholecystectomy[1].Incidence of bile leak from the cystic duct stump is 0.5%−3%which is higher(4%−7%)in cases with complicated gallstone disease(*** cholecystitis)[2].Bile leak in postoperative period after cholecystectomy,manifesting as bile in intraoperatively placed drain or as an intrabdominal collection,localized or generalized,is considered a complication secondary to bile duct injury(BDI)that was sustained during the *** to the site of leak,such bile leak is classified as an iatrogenic BDI,and is subsequently categorised depending on the site of leak if that is localized on subsequent investigations.

关键词： bile cholecystectomy acute

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Perspicacious Apprehension of HDTbNB Algorithm Opposed to Security Contravention

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2431-2447页

作者： Shyla vishal Bhatnagar NSUT East Campus(Formerly Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research) Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha UniversityNew Delhi110031India NSUT East Campus(Formerly Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research) New Delhi110031India

The exponential pace of the spread of the digital world has served as one of the assisting forces to generate an enormous amount of informationﬂow-ing over the *** data will always remain under the threat of technolo-gical suffering where intruders and hackers consistently try to breach the security systems by gaining personal information *** this paper,the authors pro-posed the HDTbNB(Hybrid Decision Tree-based Naïve Bayes)algorithm toﬁnd the essential features without data scaling to maximize the model’s performance by reducing the false alarm rate and training period to reduce zero frequency with enhanced accuracy of IDS(Intrusion Detection System)and to further analyze the performance execution of distinct machine learning algorithms as Naïve Bayes,Decision Tree,K-Nearest Neighbors and Logistic Regression over KDD 99 *** performance of algorithm is evaluated by making a comparative analysis of computed parameters as accuracy,macro average,and weighted ***ﬁndings were concluded as a percentage increase in accuracy,precision,sensitiv-ity,speciﬁcity,and a decrease in misclassiﬁcation as 9.3%,6.4%,12.5%,5.2%and 81%.

关键词： Naïve bayes decision tree k-nearest neighbors logistic regression neighbors classiﬁer

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Effect of pulse slippage on density transition-based resonant third-harmonic generation of short-pulse laser in plasma

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Frontiers of physics 2016年第4期11卷 163-170页

作者： vishal Thakur Niti Kant Department of Physics Lovely Professional University Phagwara-144411 Punjab India

The resonant third-harmonic generation of a tion was investigated. Because of self-focusing self-focusing laser in plasma with a density transi- of the fundamental laser pulse, a transverse intensity gradient was created, which generated a plasma wave at the fundamental wave frequency. Phase matching was satisfied by using a Wiggler magnetic field, which provided additional angular too- mentum to the third-harmonic photon to make the process resonant. An enhancement was observed in the resonant third-harmonic generation of an intense short-pulse laser in plasma embedded with a magnetic Wiggler with a density transition. A plasma density ramp played an important role in the self-focusing, enhancing the third-harmonic generation in plasma. We also examined the ef- fect of the Wiggler magnetic field on the pulse slippage of the third-harmonic pulse in plasma. The pulse slippage was due to the group-velocity mismatch between the fundamental and third-harmonic pulses.

关键词： short pulse laser pulse slippage third harmonic generation plasma

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Power plant selection in a carbon constrained world the TERA(technoeconomic environmental risk analysis)

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航空动力学报 2009年第4期24卷 896-902页

作者： Stephen Ogaji Pericles Pilidis vishal Sethi Department of Power and Propulsion School of Engineering Cranfield University

There is an increasing concern that current trends of consumption of natural resources cannot *** is imperative that major targeted investments are made into economical and reliable environment friendly propulsion and power *** novel and promising concepts are being *** selection of the best candidates to pursue for investment becomes a very difficult choice.A detailed TERA(techno-economic environmental risk analysis) framework is described here to quantify risks and to compare and rank competing schemes on a formal and consistent *** technique is based on detailed and rigorous thermodynamic representations of power plants.A layer of environment,economic,weather and other models to describe the appropriate local conditions is superimposed to *** outcome is a techno-economic environmental risk analysis framework with appropriate detail of each power plant as applied to the appropriate *** results for each concept can then be compared and contrasted to make appropriate selections.

关键词： TERA(techno-economic environmental risk analysis) techno-economic risk analysis gas turbine multi-disciplinary optimisation(MDO)

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Seed's awakening: Unveiling the MKK3-MPK7- ERF4 module in dormancy-to-germination transition

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Molecular Plant 2023年第11期16卷 1730-1732页

作者： vishal Varshney Manoj Majee National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew Delhi 110067India

Seed dormancy is nature's strategic pause in the plant life cycle,a purposeful interlude during which a seed,poised on the cusp of potential growth,bides its time in a state of *** period of dormancy is a crucial adaptation,allowing the seed to withstand unfavorable environmental conditions and synchronize germination with optimal circumstances for growth and survival(Nee et al.,2017).Dormancy is orchestrated by a complex interplay of genetic,physiological,and environmental factors,including phytohormones like abscisic acid and gibberellins(GAs),as well as specific regulators like DELAY OF GERMINATION1 and others(Née et al.,2017;Liu et al.,2020).

关键词： dormancy germination strategic

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Confinement effect on CO_(2)and CH_(4)permeability in shale

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第1期5卷 256-263页

作者： Vikram vishal Tuli Bakshi Computational and Experimental Geomechanics Laboratory Department of Earth SciencesIndian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India National Centre of Excellence in Carbon Capture and Utilization Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India

Gas flow in shales follows a number of physical mechanisms that include Knudsen diffusion,Darcy flow,and adsorption in the matrix and micro *** aim of the study is to resolve the interplay of gas transport in these media at increased effective stress as well as net pore *** this research,we investigated the nature of gas transport in the matrix of shale by sending He,CH_(4)and CO_(2)gases through a transient upstream pressure pulse decay instrument.A series of experiments were conducted at constant pore pressures and a gradually increasing confining *** same study was done in three different scenarios,injecting He,CO_(2)and CH_(4).At a constant pore pressure,gas permeability appears to decrease with an increasing confining pressure and effective *** increasing effective stress,the slip factor also decreases along with the *** decrease in slip could be attributed to prestressing,that is likely to create new *** the three purged gases,permeability of shale to CH_(4)is the highest,and that to CO_(2)is the lowest owing to its high *** permeability of CH_(4)against He,could be attributed to the dual transport mechanism.

关键词： Energy Porous media Gas transport Effective stress

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Single-stage Five-level Common Ground Transformerless Inverter with Extendable Structure for Centralized Photovoltaics

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第1期9卷 37-49页

作者： vishal Anand Varsha Singh Jagabar Sathik Dhafer Almakhles Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology RaipurIndia Renewable Energy Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadh11586Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur Campus603203-Tamil NaduIndia

The paper presents a five-level common ground type(5L-CGT),transformer-less inverter topology with double voltage *** proposed inverter uses eight switches and two capacitors,charged at input voltage *** inverter in its basic form acts as a string inverter for low-power PV ***,it can be extended to work as a scalable multi-level inverter with higher power handling capability to act as a centralized *** working of the inverter with the sizing of the components is presented with mathematical *** efficiency of the proposed PV inverter is found using thermal losses associated with switches using PLECS software.A prototype of 1 kW has been designed,and experimentation has been carried *** loads with a lagging power factor up to 0.6 have been tested with the inverter to establish the usability of the proposed inverter in a worst-case emulated homeuse *** total harmonic distortion(THD)at the output has been recorded using a power quality analyzer with voltage and current THD values of 4.5%and 2.5%,respectively,which lies within the limits of IEEE 519 *** highest power conversion efficiency of the inverter has been recorded to be 96.20%.

关键词： Active and reactive power boost inverter common mode voltage(CMV)grid-tied inverters inrush current leakage current photovoltaics

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