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Locomotor analysis identifies early compensatory changes during disease progression and subgroup classification in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第10期12卷 1664-1679页

作者： melissa m.Haulcomb Rena m.meadows Whitney m.miller Kathryn P.mc millan me Kenzie J.Hilsmeyer Xuefu Wang Wesley T.Beaulieu Stephanie L.Dickinson Todd J.Brown virginia m.sanders Kathryn J.Jones Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Research and Development Service Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical CenterIndianapolisINUSA Program in medical Neurosciences Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Department of Statistics Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a motoneuron degenerative disease that is challenging to diagnose and presents with considerable variability in *** identification and enhanced understanding of symptomatic patterns could aid in diagnosis and provide an avenue for monitoring disease *** of the m SOD1 G93 A mouse model provides control of the confounding environmental factors and genetic heterogeneity seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients,while investigating underlying disease-induced *** the present study,we performed a longitudinal behavioral assessment paradigm and identified an early hindlimb symptom,resembling the common gait abnormality foot drop,along with an accompanying forelimb compensatory mechanism in the m SOD1 G93 A *** these initial changes,m SOD1 mice displayed a temporary hindlimb compensatory mechanism resembling an exaggerated steppage *** the disease progressed,these compensatory mechanisms were not sufficient to sustain fundamental locomotor parameters and more severe deficits *** next applied these initial findings to investigate the inherent variability in B6 SJL m SOD1 G93 A *** identified four behavioral variables that,when combined in a cluster analysis,identified two subpopulations with different disease progression rates：a fast progression group and a slow progression *** behavioral assessment paradigm,with its analytical approaches,provides a method for monitoring disease progression and detecting m SOD1 subgroups with different disease *** affords researchers an opportunity to search for genetic modifiers or other factors that likely enhance or slow disease *** factors are possible therapeutic targets with the potential to slow disease progression and provide insight into the underlying pathology and disease mechanisms.

关键词： nerve regeneration amyotrophic lateral sclerosis motoneuron degenerative disease locomotor disease progression disease variability SOD1 mouse neural regeneration

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mathematical modeling of HIV Investigating the Effect of Inconsistent Treatment

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2024年第4期12卷 1063-1078页

作者： Sr mary Nyambura mwangi virginia m. Kitetu Isaac O. Okwany Department of mathematics and Actuarial Science Catholic University of Eastern Africa Nairobi Kenya

HIV is a retrovirus that infects and impairs the cells and functions of the immune system. It has caused a great challenge to global public health systems and leads to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), if not attended to in good time. Antiretroviral therapy is used for managing the virus in a patient’s lifetime. Some of the symptoms of the disease include lean body mass and many opportunistic infections. This study has developed a SIAT mathematical model to investigate the impact of inconsistency in treatment of the disease. The arising non-linear differential equations have been obtained and analyzed. The DFE and its stability have been obtained and the study found that it is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is less than unity. The endemic equilibrium has been obtained and found to be globally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number is greater than unity. Numerical solutions have been obtained and analyzed to give the trends in the spread dynamics. The inconsistency in treatment uptake has been analyzed through the numerical solutions. The study found that when the treatment rate of those infected increases, it leads to an increase in treatment population, which slows down the spread of HIV and vice versa. An increase in the rate of treatment of those with AIDS leads to a decrease in the AIDS population, the reverse happens when this rate decreases. The study recommends that the community involvement in advocating for consistent treatment of HIV to curb the spread of the disease.

关键词： HIV modeling mathematical modeling Reproduction Number Inconsistent Treatment

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mathematical modeling of the Co-Infection Dynamics of HIV and Tuberculosis Incorporating Inconsistency in HIV Treatment

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Journal of Applied mathematics and Physics 2024年第5期12卷 1744-1768页

作者： Sr mary Nyambura mwangi virginia m. Kitetu Isaac O. Okwany Department of mathematics and Actuarial Science Catholic University of Eastern Africa Nairobi Kenya

A non-linear HIV-TB co-infection has been formulated and analyzed. The positivity and invariant region has been established. The disease free equilibrium and its stability has been determined. The local stability was determined and found to be stable under given conditions. The basic reproduction number was obtained and according to findings, co-infection diminishes when this number is less than unity, and persists when the number is greater than unity. The global stability of the endemic equilibrium was calculated. The impact of HIV on TB was established as well as the impact of TB on HIV. Numerical solution was also done and the findings indicate that when the rate of HIV treatment increases the latent TB increases while the co-infected population decreases. When the rate of HIV treatment decreases the latent TB population decreases and the co-infected population increases. Encouraging communities to prioritize the consistent treatment of HIV infected individuals must be emphasized in order to reduce the scourge of HIV-TB co-infection.

关键词： Co-Infection modeling HIV-TB Co-Infection mathematical modeling Reproduction Number Inconsistent Treatment

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SPORTS1.0: A Tool for Annotating and Profiling Non-coding RNAs Optimized for rRNA-and tRNA-derived Small RNAs

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第2期16卷 144-151页

作者： Junchao Shi Eun-A Ko Kenton m.sanders Qi Chen Tong Zhou Department of Physiology and Cell Biology University of Nevada Reno School of Medicine

High-throughput RNAoseq has revolutionized the process of small RNA （sRNA） discovery, leading to a rapid expansion of sRNA categories. In addition to the previously wellcharacterized sRNAs such as microRNAs （miRNAs）, piwi-interacting RNAs （piRNAs）, and small nucleolar RNA （snoRNAs）, recent emerging studies have spotlighted on tRNA-derived sRNAs （tsRNAs） and rRNA-derived sRNAs （rsRNAs） as new categories of sRNAs that bear versatile functions. Since existing software and pipelines for sRNA annotation are mostly focused on analyzing miRNAs or piRNAs, here we developed the sRNA annotation pipeline _optimized for rRNA- and tRNA-derived s_RNAs （SPORTS 1 .0）. SPORTS1.0 is optimized for analyzing tsRNAs and rsRNAs from sRNA-seq data, in addition to its capacity to annotate canonical sRNAs such as miRNAs and piRNAs. moreover, SPORTS1.0 can predict potential RNA modification sites based on nucleotide mismatches within sRNAs. SPORTS1.0 is precompiled to annotate sRNAs for a wide range of 68 species across bacteria, yeast, plant, and animal kingdoms, while additional species for analyses could be readily expanded upon end users＇ input. For demonstration, by analyzing sRNA datasets using SPORTS1.0, we reveal that distinct signatures are present in tsRNAs and rsRNAs from different mouse cell types. We also find that compared to other sRNA species, tsRNAs bear the highest mismatch rate, which is consistent with their highly modified nature. SPORTS1.0 is an opensource software and can be publically accessed at https：//***/junchaoshi/sports1.0.

关键词： Small RNA RNA-seq data analysistsRNA rsRNA Annotation pipeline

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Capturing CO2 Emissions in the George C. Wallace Tunnel: A Case Study

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Intelligent Control and Automation 2024年第3期15卷 83-94页

作者： Gabe Canitz Cole Ciesta Klint Green Justin sanders Jason Valencia Jeremy Willingham Daniel Fonseca Department of mechanical Engineering The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA

This paper describes the design of a ventilation system to be paired with a carbon capture system. The ventilation system utilizes the geometry of the George C. Wallace tunnel, located in the City of mobile, Alabama, USA to capture and redirect emissions to a direct air capture (DAC) device to sequester 25% of the total CO2 mass generated from inside the tunnel. The total CO2 mass rate for the westbound traffic between the week-day hours of 7 a.m. and 6 p.m. has been estimated between 2,300 to 3,000 lbs./hr. By sequestering these emissions, the overall surrounding air quality was shown to be improved to a level that mirrors that from the pre-US industrial era of 270 ppm.

关键词： CO2 Capture Tunnel Ventilation Air Flow Analysis Jet Fan Sizing

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互花米草有利于我国海岸带蓝碳功能提升

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Science Bulletin 2024年第12期69卷 1991-2000页

作者：张靖凡毛德华刘纪化陈雅萍 matthew Kirwan Christian sanders 周金戈卢哲覃国铭黄幸运李慧焉恒琦焦念志苏纪兰王法明 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Applied Botany Xiaoliang Research Station of Tropical Coastal Ecosystemsthe CAS Engineering Laboratory for Ecological Restoration of Island and Coastal EcosystemsSouth China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China South China National Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102China marine Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Ecology Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen UniversityShenzhen 518107China virginia Institute of marine Science Gloucester PointVA 23062USA National marine Science Centre School of EnvironmentScience and EngineeringSouthern Cross UniversityCoffs HarbourNSW 2450Australia Guangdong Eco-engineering Polytechnic Guangzhou 510520China Carbon Neutral Innovation Research Center and Fujian Key Laboratory of marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic AdministrationHangzhou 310012China Southern marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China

Spartina alterniflora has rapidly and extensively encroached on China's coastline over the past *** the coastal areas invaded by ***,at most 93%are ***,the effect of *** invasion on soil organic carbon(SOC)stocks of coastal mudflats has not been systematically studied on a national ***,we quantified the nationwide changes in SOC stocks in coastal mudflats associated with *** invasion between 1990 and *** found that *** invasion significantly enhanced SOC stocks in coastal ***,the benefit of *** invasion of coastal SOC stock may be weakened by continuing human *** found that *** invading mudflats added 2.3 Tg SOC stocks to China's coastal blue carbon,while 1.78 Tg SOC stocks were lost mainly due to human activities,resulted in a net SOC stock gain of 0.52 Tg *** findings overturned the traditionally thought that *** invasion would reduce ecosystem services by highlighting that the historical invasion of *** has broadly and consistently enhanced blue carbon stock in coastal China.

关键词： Spartina alterniflora invasion mudflats China coastal wetland Blue carbon sequestration

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Evaluation of Human Impacts on Bartlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： maya P. Bhatt Amede Rubio Ganesh B. malla Cristobal Lopez virginia morales Erick Vazquez Cano David marquez Orlando Berumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-mensah Department of Biology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of Bartlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (bass and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their body. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb > Pb > As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within Bartlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptable for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb, Fe, Sb and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhibit a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and biogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distributions of the trace elements in water exhibit different shapes mostly as positively skewed distribution for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distribution for Fe and almost symmetrical distribution for Pb and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the Bass than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb appeared significantly higher in different parts of the body of both Bass and Tilapia than the maximum SRm certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohibited. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the Bartlett Pond and waters of this pond to be not recommended for any use. These findings may be useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding about these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements Bartlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

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Constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: A review of current and emerging drug therapies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 8898-8909页

作者： Khaled A Jadallah Susan m Kullab David S sanders Department of Internalmedicine King Abdullah University Hospital Faculty of medicine Jordan University of Science and Technology Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Unit Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield South Yorkshire S102JF United Kingdom

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a highly prevalent medical condition that adversely affects patient quality of life and constitutes a significant economic burden on healthcare resources. A large proportion of patients suffer from the constipation subtype of IBS(IBS-C), most commonly afflicting older individuals and those with a lower socioeconomic status. Conventional pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment options have limited efficacies and/or significant adverse events, which lead to increased long-term health care expenditures. Failure to effectively treat IBS-C patients over the past decades has largely been due to a poor understanding of disease pathophysiology, lack of a global view of the patient, and an inappropriate selection of patients and treatment endpoints in clinical trials. In recent years, however, more effective and safer drugs have been developed for the treatment of IBS-C. The advancement in the area of pharmacologic treatment is based on new knowledge of the pathophysiologic basis of IBS-C and the development of drugs with increased selectivity within pharmacologic classes with recognized efficacies. This narrative review covers the spectrum of available drugs and their mechanisms of action, as well as the efficacy and safety profiles of each as determined in relevant clinical trials that have investigated treatment options for IBS-C and chronic constipation. A brief summary of laxative-based treatment options is presented, followed by up-to-date assessments for three classes of drugs: prokinetics, prosecretory agents, and bile acid modulators.

关键词： Constipation Irritable bowel syndrome Drug therapy Serotonergic agents Prokinetics 5-hydroxytryptamine type 4 agonists Secretagogues Prosecretory agents Bile acid modulators

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marsh persistence under sea-level rise is controlled by multiple,geologically variable stressors

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第10期3卷 22-38页

作者： m.mitchell J.Herman D.m.Bilkovic C.Hershner virginia Institute of marine Science College of William&MaryGloucester PointVAUSA

Introduction:marshes contribute to habitat and water quality in estuaries and coastal *** importance to continued ecosystem functioning has led to concerns about their ***:Concurrent with sea-level rise,marshes are eroding and appear to be disappearing through ponding in their interior;in addition,in many places,they are being replaced with shoreline stabilization *** examined the changes in marsh extent over the past 40 years within a subestuary of Chesapeake Bay,the largest estuary in the United States,to better understand the effects of sea-level rise and human pressure on marsh ***:Approximately 30 years ago,an inventory of York River estuary marshes documented the historic extent of *** were resurveyed in 2010 to examine shifts in tidal marsh extent and *** change varied spatially along the estuary,with watershed changes between a 32%loss and an 11%gain in marsh *** of marsh was apparent in high energy sections of the estuary while there was marsh gain in the upper/riverine section of the estuary and where forested hummocks on marsh islands have become *** showed little change in the small tributary creeks,except in the creeks dominated by fringing marshes and high shoreline ***:Differential resilience to sea-level rise and spatial variations in erosion,sediment supply,and human development have resulted in spatially variable changes in specific marsh extents and are predicted to lead to a redistribution of marshes along the estuarine gradient,with consequences for their unique communities.

关键词： Chesapeake Bay climate change coastal resilience marsh change salt marsh sea-level rise tidal wetlands

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Teriparatide anabolic therapy as potential treatment of type Ⅱ dens non-union fractures

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第1期8卷 82-86页

作者： Enrico Pola virginia Pambianco Debora Colangelo virginia m Formica Giovanni Autore Luigi A Nasto Spinal Unit Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology"A.Gemelli" University HospitalCatholic University of Rome Centre for Spine Studies and Surgery Queen’sMedical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust

Odontoid fractures account for 5% to 15% of all cervical spine injuries and 1% to 2% of all spine fractures. Type Ⅱ fractures are the most common fracture pattern in elderly patients. Treatment(rigid and non-rigid immobilization, anterior screw fixation of the odontoid and posterior C1-C2 fusion) remains controversial and represents a unique challenge for the treating surgeon. The aims of treatment in the elderly is to quickly restore pre-injury function while decreasing morbidity and mortality associated with inactivity, immobilization with rigid collar and prolonged hospitalization. Conservative treatment of type Ⅱ odontoid fractures is associated with relatively high rates of non-union and in a few cases delayed instability. Options for treatment of symptomatic non-unions include surgical fixation or prolonged rigid immobilization. In this report we present the case of a 73-year-old woman with post-traumatic odontoid nonunion successfully treated with Teriparatide systemic anabolic therapy. Complete fusion and resolution of the symptoms was achieved 12 wk after the onset of the treatment. Several animal and clinical studies have confirmed the potential role of Teriparatide in enhancing fracture healing. Our case suggests that Teriparatide may have a role in improving fusion rates of C2 fractures in elderly patients.

关键词： Type Ⅱ odontoid fractures Non-union Anabolic therapy Teriparatide Fracture healing

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