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Preliminary assessment of the solar resource in the United Kingdom

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Clean Energy 2018年第2期2卷 112-125页

作者： Mahmoud Dhimish violeta holmes Peter Mather Martin Sibley Laboratory of Photovoltaics School of Computing and EngineeringUniversity of HuddersfieldUnited Kingdom

Solar radiation resources data are the foundation of knowledge for programs of large-scale deployment of solar energy *** article summarizes the analysis of a new weather stations network in the United *** analysis used three years(January 2015-December 2017)of data from 27 weather stations distributed across the *** data comprises global horizontal irradiance(GHI),diffuse horizontal irradiance,direct normal irradiance and the ambient *** design,implementation and data quality assurance are described to document the network extent and *** all observed datasets,we found that Plymouth(located in southwest England)has the dominant GHI and ambient temperature among all other 26 *** least GHI is observed for Aberdeen(located in northeast Scotland)estimated at 77.3 kWh/*** least average ambient temperature is equal to 9.1℃;the data were detected by the weather station located in the capital of Scotland(Edinburgh).Although continued measurements are needed to understand the interannual resource variability,the current study should have significant applications for preliminary technology selection,power plant modeling and resource forecasting.

关键词： solar resources GHI ambient temperature United Kingdom

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蚯蚓效应

英语画刊(高中版) 2025年第2期 6-9页

作者： Anu Madhavan Eleanor holmes

蚯蚓是生活在泥土里的小虫子,是鸟儿的食物。你知道它们有什么作用吗?参考译文:“吱喳!吱喳!”“汪汪汪!!”雪莉在湿漉漉、灰蒙蒙的早晨跑到后院。她的后院发生了什么事?小狗德克斯特躺在树枝和树叶堆里,对着一只知更鸟狂吠。一群麻雀...

蚯蚓是生活在泥土里的小虫子,是鸟儿的食物。你知道它们有什么作用吗?参考译文:“吱喳!吱喳!”“汪汪汪!!”雪莉在湿漉漉、灰蒙蒙的早晨跑到后院。她的后院发生了什么事?小狗德克斯特躺在树枝和树叶堆里,对着一只知更鸟狂吠。一群麻雀扑腾着翅膀,在德克斯特旁边大声地叫着。知更鸟也啁啾了一声,它那橙色的胸膛鼓了起来。然后,它的嘴朝地面伸去。雪莉看到知更鸟一边拍打翅膀,一边使劲地拉着什么东西。

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Humid Little Ice Age in arid central Asia documented by Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第12期49卷 1280-1290页

作者： J. A. holmes ECRC Department of Geography University College London

Short sediment cores retrieved from Bosten Lake, the largest inland freshwater lake in China, were used to explore humidity and precipitation variations in arid central Asia during the past millennium. The chronology of the cores was established using 137Cs, 210Pb and AMS 14C dating re- sults. Multi-proxy high-resolution analysis, including pollen ratios of Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae (A/C), carbonate content and grain size, indicates that the climate during the past millennium can be divided into three stages: a dry climate between 1000―1500 AD, a humid climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (c. 1500―1900 AD), and a warm dry period after 1900 AD. On centennial timescales, the climate change in northwestern China during the past 1000 years is characterized by oscillations between warm-dry and cold-humid climate conditions. All the proxies changed significantly and indi- cate increased precipitation during the LIA, including increased pollen A/C ratios and pollen concen- trations, decreased carbonate content and increased grain size. The humid period during the LIA re- corded by the Bosten Lake sediments is representative of arid central Asia and is supported by nu- merous records from other sites. During the LIA, the water runoff into the Keriya River and Tarim River in the Tarim Basin increased, while the ice accumulation in the Guliya ice core increased. Additionally, the lake levels of the Aral and Caspian Sea also rose, while tree-ring analysis indicates that precipita- tion increased. We hypothesize that both the lower temperature within China and the negative anomalies of North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during this period may have contributed to the humid climate within this area during LIA.

关键词： multiproxy analyses,Bosten Lake,humid Little Ice Age,past millennium,arid central Asia.

Inducing imperfections in germanium nanowires

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Nano Research 2017年第5期10卷 1510-1523页

作者： Subhajit Biswas Sven Barth Justin D. holmes Materials Chemistry & Analysis Group Department of Chemistry and the Tyndall National lnstitute University College Cork Cork Ireland AMBER@CRANN Trinity College Dublin Dublin 2 Ireland Vienna University of Technology Institute of Materials Chemistry Getreidemarkt 9/BCI02 1060 Vienna Austria

Nanowires with inhomogeneous heterostructures such as polytypes and periodic twin boundaries are interesting due to their potential use as components for optical, electrical, and thermophysical applications. Additionally, the incorporation of metal impurities in semiconductor nanowires could substantially alter their electronic and optical properties. In this highlight article, we review our recent progress and understanding in the deliberate induction of imperfections, in terms of both twin boundaries and additional impurities in germanium nanowires for new/enhanced functionalities. The role of catalysts and catalyst-nanowire interfaces for the growth of engineered nanowires via a three-phase paradigm is explored. Three-phase bottom-up growth is a feasible way to incorporate and engineer imperfections such as crystal defects and impurities in semiconductor nanowires via catalyst and/or interfacial manipulation. ＂Epitaxial defect transfer＂ process and catalyst-nanowire interfacial engineering are employed to induce twin defects parallel and perpendicular to the nanowire growth axis. By inducing and manipulating twin boundaries in the metal catalysts, twin formation and density are controlled in Ge nanowires. The formation of Ge polytypes is also observed in nanowires for the growth of highly dense lateral twin boundaries. Additionally, metal impurity in the form of Sn is injected and engineered via third-party metal catalysts resulting in above-equilibrium incorporation of Sn adatoms in Ge nanowires. Sn impurities are precipitated into Ge bi-layers during Ge nanowire growth, where the impurity Sn atoms become trapped with the deposition of successive layers, thus giving an extraordinary Sn content （〉6 at.%） in Ge nanowires. A larger amount of Sn impingement （〉9 at.%） is further encouraged by utilizing the eutectic solubility of Sn in Ge along with impurity trapping.

关键词： germamum nanowire vapor-liquid-solid (VLS)growth twinning impurity incorporation

Combating Corruption in China: The Role of the State and Other Agencies in Comparative Perspective

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Economic and Political Studies 2015年第1期3卷 42-70页

作者： LESLIE holmes the School of Social and Political Sciences University of Melbourne

This paper is the first to compare China’s current anticorruption approach with those of both post-communist and other Sinic states/*** principal purpose is to compare anti-corruption in China with the situation in countries that constitute appropriate comparators—either systemically(post-communist transition states)or culturally(predominantly Sinic states/regions)—and suggest ways in which China could usefully learn from these comparators.A comparative public policy evaluative approach forms the core of the *** study uses publicly available survey data,both perceptual and experiential,for drawing inferences about the corruption levels in China and the other states analyzed.A neo-Weberian approach to system legitimacy and delegitimation is employed in analyzing the potential dangers of a radical anti-corruption approach,while Giddensian structuration theory is used to emphasize the interplay between structure and agency in *** findings and value of this research are primarily practical,in that it highlights potential lessons China could learn from Singapore and the Hong Kong SAR while also identifying the principal obstacles to the adoption of such *** particular,the establishment of a single and independent anti-corruption agency would almost certainly have a positive impact on the reduction of corruption *** this is politically difficult,since such a body could be perceived as constituting a threat to the Communist ***,all comparisons betweenstates are limited,since some features are unique to a given country.

关键词： corruption communism post-communism transition

Meta-analysis of ground movements associated with deep excavations using a data mining approach

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第2期11卷 409-416页

作者： Harry holmes Emilio Garcia-Taengua Raul Fuentes AECOM Ltd. University of Leeds

This paper presents a rigorous statistical approach to identify the controlling factors in the development of ground movements associated with deep excavations. It also gives the most suitable definition of support stiffness from many suggested definitions in the literature. The study is based on a newly compiled database from 389 case studies of propped and anchored excavations. Data mining techniques(e.g. principal component analysis and multi-linear regression) were used to identify significant relationships between the parameters under study and to quantify the global trends in the database. The study shows that the main factors controlling the ground movements are those related to ground conditions, confirming the conclusions of previous empirical studies. It is also shown that the definition of Addenbrooke et al.(1994) is the most suitable expression of support stiffness, therefore providing conclusive evidence for its future use.

关键词： Geomechanics Slope stability Special soil Unsaturated soil

Nonuniform Dependence on the Initial Data for Solutions of Conservation Laws

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 489-500页

作者： John M.holmes Barbara Lee Keyfitz Department of Mathematics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA

In this paper,we study systems of conservation laws in one space *** prove that for classical solutions in Sobolev spaces H^(s),with s>3/2,the data-to-solution map is not uniformly *** results apply to all nonlinear s... 详细信息

关键词： Conservation laws Data-to-solution map Nonuniform dependence

Multi-proxy evidence for late Pleistocene-Holocene environ-mental change in arid Central Asia:An overview of the RACHAD 2001 symposium

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第14期48卷 1397-1400页

作者： CHENFahu J.A.holmes KeyLaboratoryofDesertandDesertification ColdandAridRegionsEnvironmentalandEngineeringResearchInstituteChineseAcademyofSciencesLanzhou730000China EnvironmentalchangeResearchCentre UniversityCollegeLondon26BedfordWayLondonWC1H0APUK

Introduces the articles published in the July 15, 2003 issue of the periodical 'Chinese Science Bulletin.' Topics of the articles; Authors who contributed to the issue.

关键词：晚更新世全新世环境变化中亚干旱地区古气候

Investigating neurogenic bowel in experimental spinal cord injury: where to begin?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第2期14卷 222-226页

作者： Amanda R.White Gregory M.holmes Department of Neural & Behavioral Sciences Penn State University College of Medicine

The devastating losses following traumatic spinal cord injury(SCI) encompass the motor, sensory and autonomic nervous systems. Neurogenic bowel is a slow transit colonic dysfunction marked by constipation, rectal evacuation difficulties, decreased anorectal sensation, fecal incontinence or some combination thereof. Furthermore, neurogenic bowel is one of the most prevalent comorbidities of SCI and is recognized by afflicted individuals and caregivers as a lifelong physical and psychological challenge that profoundly affects quality of life. The restoration of post-injury control of movement has received considerable scientific scrutiny yet the daily necessity of voiding the bowel and bladder remains critically under-investigated. Subsequently, physicians and caregivers are rarely presented with consistent, evidence-based strategies to successfully address the consequences of dysregulated voiding reflexes. Neurogenic bowel is commonly believed to result from the interruption of the supraspinal control of the spinal autonomic circuits regulating the colon. In this mini-review, we discuss the clinical challenges presented by neurogenic bowel and emerging pre-clinical evidence that is revealing that SCI also initiates functional remodeling of the colonic wall concurrent with a decrease in local enteric neurons. Since the enteric input to the colonic smooth muscle is the final common pathway for functional contractions of the colon, changes to the neuromuscular interface must first be understood in order to maximize the efficacy of therapeutic interventions targeting colonic dysfunction following SCI.

关键词： colon enteric nervous system parasympathetic sympathetic autonomic nervous system defecationreflexes gastrointestinal inflammation constipation incontinence