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Hydrodynamic Regimes,Knudsen Layer,Numerical Schemes:Definition of Boundary Fluxes

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2011年第5期3卷 519-561页

作者： Christophe Besse Saja Borghol Thierry Goudon Ingrid Lacroix-violet Jean-Paul Dudon Project-Team SIMPAF INRIA Lille Nord Europe Research CenterPark Plazza40 av.Halley59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq France Labo P.Painleve UMR 8524 CNRS-Universite des Sciences et Technologies Lille Thales Alenia Space Cannes La Bocca

We propose a numerical solution to incorporate in the simulation of a system of conservation laws boundary conditions that come from a microscopic modeling in the small mean free path *** typical example we discuss is the derivation of the Euler system from the BGK *** boundary condition relies on the analysis of boundary layers formation that accounts from the fact that the incoming kinetic flux might be far from the thermodynamic equilibrium.

关键词： Hydrodynamic regimes Knudsen layer finite volume scheme initial-boundary value problems for conservation laws Evaporation-condensation problem

Is pass‑through of the exchange rate to restaurant and hotel prices asymmetric in the US?Role of monetary policy uncertainty

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 539-557页

作者： Uju violet Alola Ojonugwa Usman Andrew Adewale Alola Department of Tourism Guidance Istanbul Gelisim UniversitIstanbulTurkey Economics and Finance Application and Research Center Department of EconomicsIstanbul Ticaret UniversityIstanbulTurkey Centre for Research on Digitalization and Sustainability Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences2418 ElverumNorway Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social SciencesNisantasi UniversityIstanbulTurke

This study examines the exchange rate pass-through to the United States(US)restaurant and hotel prices by incorporating the effect of monetary policy uncertainty over the period 2001:M12 to 2019:*** the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag(NARDL)model,empirical evidence indicates asymmetric pass-through of exchange rate and monetary policy ***,a stronger pass-through effect is observed during depreciation and a negative shock in monetary policy uncertainty,corroborating asymmetric pass-through *** results further show that a positive shock in energy prices leads to an increase in restaurant and hotel ***,asymmetric causality indicates that a positive shock in the exchange rate causes a positive shock to restaurant and hotel *** found feedback causal effects between positive and negative shocks in monetary policy uncertainty and positive and negative shocks in the exchange ***,we detected a one-way asymmetric causality,flowing from a positive(negative)shock to a positive(negative)shock in energy ***,these findings provide insights for policymakers to achieve low and stable prices in the US restaurant and hotel industry through sound monetary policy *** drivers of restaurant and hotel business in tourism destinations are *** is asymmetric pass-through of exchange rate and monetary policy uncertainty.A stronger pass-through is observed during appreciation and a negative shock to monetary policy *** is asymmetric causality from positive shock in exchange rate to postive shock in restaurant and hotel prices.

关键词： Restaurant and hotel prices Exchange rate Monetary policy uncertainty Energy price index US economy

Impact of community strategy package on uptake of reproductive tract infections health services among young street females in the municipality of Eldoret,Kenya

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Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinical Medicine 2023年第1期3卷 60-64页

作者： C violet Maritim Anthony Wanyoro John Maingi Jackim Nyamari Murima Ng'ang'a Department of Population and Reproductive Health Faculty of Public HealthKenyatta UniversityNairobiP.O Box 184-40110SonghorKenya Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health SciencesKenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry Faculty of Applied SciencesKenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty of Public HealthKenyatta UniversityNairobiKenya Department of Infectious Diseases Ministry of HealthKenya

Background:Despite the intervention of free medical care services for street children by a dedicated clinic in Eldoret municipality,health care service of young street females(YSFs)is still *** present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the community strategy package on the uptake of reproductive tract infections(RTI)health services among the target *** and methods:A pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental with a qualitative and quantitative approach was applied among the YSFs aged 10-24 *** study used structured questionnaires and key informant interviews to collect data from the ***:The study enrolled a total of 77 young street females in Eldoret municipality.A significantly higher proportion of respondents reportedly first sought treatment for RTI at a health facility after the implementation of the community strategy package(97.1%)when compared to the proportion of respondents who first sought treatment at a health facility in the pre-intervention phase(51.0%)(p<0.001).Early seeking of treatment improved significantly after the introduction of the intervention;72.0%and 94.1%of the respondents sought treatment early during the pre-intervention and post-intervention phase,respectively(p<0.011).Conclusion:The study recommends the adoption of the community strategy as an intervention to increase the uptake of RTIs health services and promotion of the reproductive health of young street females.

关键词： Reproductive tract infections Young street females(YSFs) Reproductive health services Community strategy package

Esophageal squamous cell cancer in a highly endemic region

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第9期22卷 2811-2817页

作者： Akwi W Asombang violet Kayamba Mpala M Lisulo Kathryn Trinkaus Victor Mudenda Edford Sinkala Stayner Mwanamakondo Themba Banda Rose Soko Paul Kelly Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Missouri School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Zambia School of Medicine University Teaching Hospital Tropical Gastroenterology and Nutrition Group University of Zambia School of Medicine University Teaching Hospital Washington University School of Medicine Biostatistics Shared Resource Siteman Cancer Center Department of Pathology University of Zambia School of Medicine Blizard Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine Queen Mary University of London

AIM: To identify risk factors associated with esophageal cancer in Zambia and association between dietary intake and urinary 8-iso prostaglandin F2α(8-iso PGF2α).METHODS: We conducted a prospective, case control study at the University Teaching Hospital. Subjects included both individuals admitted to the hospital and those presenting for an outpatient upper endoscopy. Esophageal cancer cases were compared to age and sex-matched controls. Cases were defined as patients with biopsy proven esophageal cancer; controls were defined as subjects without endoscopic evidence ofesophageal cancer. Clinical and dietary data were collected using a standard questionnaire, developed a priori. Blood was collected for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) serology. Urine was collected, and 8-iso PGF2α was measured primarily by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and expressed as a ratio to ***: Forty five controls(mean age 54.2 ± 15.3, 31 male) and 27 cases(mean age 54.6 ± 16.4, 17 males) were studied. Body mass index was lower in cases(median 16.8) than controls(median 23.2), P = 0.01. Histopathologically, 25/27(93%) were squamous cell carcinoma and 2/27(7%) adenocarcinoma. More cases smoked cigarettes(OR = 11.24, 95%CI: 1.37-92.4, P = 0.02) but alcohol consumption and HIV seropositivity did not differ significantly(P = 0.14 for both). Fruit, vegetables and fish consumption did not differ significantly between groups(P = 0.11, 0.12, and 0.10, respectively). Mean isoprostane level was significantly higher in cases(0.03 ng/mg creatinine) than controls(0.01 ng/mg creatinine)(OR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.19-4.65, P = 0.014).CONCLUSION: Smoking and isoprostane levels were significantly associated with esophageal cancer in Zambians, but diet, HIV status, and alcohol consumption were not.

关键词： Gastrointestinal cancer Non-communicable diseases Zambia

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机构治理与腐败：津巴布韦案例研究

机构治理与腐败：津巴布韦案例研究

作者： MUSARURWA violet RUVIMBO 浙江大学

学位级别：硕士

In Zimbabwe,the corruption rate in the public sector is unbecoming,all the other significant problems the nation is experiencing;debt crisis,spiral in unemployment rates,increasing poverty rates,social inequality are somehow correlated with the level of corruption.A plethora of research has been conducted on public institutions corruption in Zimbabwe,but most of the researches where asking "why are public officials in public institutions corrupt",numerous anti-corruption policies were implemented but corruption remained *** focus on"individuals" has shunned the contribution of an "institute"in any corrupt *** paper is shifting the question from the individual to the institute,the aim is to understand how governance in public institution either creates or closes corruption opportunity gaps that individuals can possibly exploit or how institutional governance motivate individual(un)ethical *** three indicators of governance(ⅰ)ethical culture(ⅱ)institutional system and(ⅲ)accountability are used to measure the governance in three selected public institutions in Zimbabwe,one which is perceived to be most corrupt,the other more corrupt and the other less *** in this study suggest that there is direct correlation between institutional governance and corruption,poor institutional governance indicated by a poor ethical culture,a dysfunctional integrity system and with no accountability create more opportunities gaps for corruption and does not encourage individuals to make ethical decisions,the vice versa is true for a good institutional governance characterized by a sustainable ethical culture,high accountability levels and a concrete integrity *** recommendation in this paper so as to enhance institutional governance in public institutions in Zimbabwe is the ultimate implementation of already existing ethical practices that build a concrete integrity system that is apt to cultivate an integrity culture and inj ect accountability a

关键词： Corruption Governance Public Institutions Integrity

Source Apportionment of Air Particulates in South Africa: A Review

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2019年第1期9卷 100-113页

作者： Manny Mathuthu violet Patricia Dudu Munyaradzi Manjoro Centre for Applied Radiation Science and Technology (CARST) North-West University Mafikeng Campus Mafikeng South Africa Department of Environmental Science Bindura University of Science Education Bindura Zimbabwe Department of Geography and Environmental Science North-West University Mafikeng Campus Mafikeng South Africa

Source apportionment studies are useful in understanding sources of pollution and can be used in health risk assessments to evaluate the human health impacts from air pollutants. This study reviewed and analysed available source apportionment studies of air particulate in South Africa in October 2016. Searches were performed using different databases for peer reviewed articles including Google scholar, Scopus, EbscoHost, Science Direct and National Research Foundation database. Source categories were identified and these varied depending on the sites where the research was conducted (rural, urban or remote) but biomass burning dominated. A total of 35 source apportionment records were found with the majority of studies in urban areas (60%) while industrial sites had the least number of records (17.1%). The period 2011-2016 had the highest number of records while 1990-1995 had only three publicly available studies. There is limited research on source apportionment studies of air particulate in South Africa, calling for more research in this area.

关键词： Air Particulate Source Apportionment Air Pollution South Africa Source Categories

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“一站式”校园服务瑞尔森大学学生服务中心

室内设计与装修 2016年第11期 48-51页

作者： violet Gow Hastings Architects

对于高等学校来说,在改善校园环境的同时,也应该不断提高校园建筑特别是公共空间的设计标准,以优质的室内设计强化空间的功能性,从而提升高校在公共事务管理方面的工作效率。加拿大瑞尔森大学在其学生服务中心的建筑改造和室内规划中就... 详细信息

对于高等学校来说,在改善校园环境的同时,也应该不断提高校园建筑特别是公共空间的设计标准,以优质的室内设计强化空间的功能性,从而提升高校在公共事务管理方面的工作效率。加拿大瑞尔森大学在其学生服务中心的建筑改造和室内规划中就将＂一站式＂服务的观念植入空间设计,邀请本土设计师团队Gow Hastings,为空间赋予了新的生命。原建筑建于上世纪70年代,其前身为校园餐厅,面积超过1200 m^2,建筑的风格是当年盛行的野兽派风格。改造的设想是开发其功能性和纽带作用,

关键词：瑞尔服务中心公共开放空间建筑改造公共事务管理野兽派设计标准室内设计彩色玻璃工作效率

Lay perceptions of breast cancer in Western Kenya

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2015年第5期6卷 147-155页

作者： violet Naanyu Chite Fredrick Asirwa Juddy Wachira Naftali Busakhala Job Kisuya Grieven Otieno Alfred Keter Anne Mwangi Orango Elkanah Omenge Thomas Inui Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare (AMPATH) Department of Behavioral Sciences School of MedicineCollege of Health SciencesMoi University Department of Medicine School of MedicineIndiana University Department of Pharmacology School of MedicineCollege of Health SciencesMoi University Department of Reproductive Health School of MedicineCollege of Health SciencesMoi University Regenstrief Institute Inc.

AIM: To explore lay perceptions of causes, severity, presenting symptoms and treatment of breast cancer. METHODS: In October-November 2012, we recruited men and women(18 years and older) from households and health facilities in three different parts of Western Kenya, chosen for variations in their documented burdens of breast cancer. A standardized and validated tool,the breast cancer awareness measure(BCAM), was administered in face-to-face interviews. Survey domains covered included socio-demographics, opinions about causes, symptoms, severity, and treatment of breast cancer. Descriptive analyses were done on quantitative data while open-ended answers were coded, and emerging themes were integrated into larger categories in a qualitative analysis. The open-ended questions had been added to the standard BCAM for the purposes of learning as much as the investigators could about underlying lay beliefs and perceptions. RESULTS: Most respondents were female, middle-aged(mean age 36.9 years), married, and poorly educated. Misconceptions and lack of knowledge about causes of breast cancer were reported. The following(in order of higher to lower prevalence) were cited as potential causes of the condition: Genetic factors or heredity(n = 193, 12.3%); types of food consumed(n = 187, 11.9%); witchcraft and curses(n = 108, 6.9%); some family planning methods(n = 56, 3.6%); and use of alcohol and tobacco(n = 46, 2.9%). When asked what they thought of breast cancer's severity, the most popular response was "it is a killer disease"(n = 266, 19.7%) a lethal condition about which little or nothing can be done. While opinions about presenting symptoms and signs of breast cancer were able to be elicited, such as an increase in breast size and painful breasts, earlystage symptoms and signs were not widely recognized. Some respondents(14%) were ignorant of available treatment altogether while others felt breast cancer treatment is both dangerous and expensive. A minority reported alte

关键词： Breast cancer Health education Cancer control Lay health beliefs

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在镇江雕刻一段古老时光

科学之友 2019年第7期 48-51页

作者： violet 不详

她是民国时期的江苏省省会,却在历史的推进中渐渐被埋没,被周边城市抢尽风头;她有民国遗留下来的西洋建筑,同样有最市井的街道、最寻常的人家;她有名气不小的西津渡,也有千年古刹、梵音绕梁;她虽没有傲人的GDP,但传承多年的醋业却一直... 详细信息

她是民国时期的江苏省省会,却在历史的推进中渐渐被埋没,被周边城市抢尽风头;她有民国遗留下来的西洋建筑,同样有最市井的街道、最寻常的人家;她有名气不小的西津渡,也有千年古刹、梵音绕梁;她虽没有傲人的GDP,但传承多年的醋业却一直让人叹为观止。她就是江苏镇江,仿佛一个淡雅从容的女子,经历了千年的沧桑,磨平了棱角,平添了一份慵懒,而慵懒中又不失精致。这个被旅游大开发遗漏的江南小城在古老时光中被雕刻得充满了人情味,各种新旧人文杂糅在一处,适合你慢慢悠悠晃荡一圈。

关键词：镇江香醋京畿路