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a.socia.ion between Respira.le Dust Exposure a.d Respira.ory Hea.th Concerns a.ong Workers in a.pa.el Processing Compa.ies in Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Ma.ha.os County, Kenya

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Occupa.iona. Disea.es a.d Environmenta. Medicine 2022年第4期10卷 271-291页

作者： Owino a. otieno Pa.l M. Njogu Dennis Ma.u Institute of Energy a.d Environmenta. Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Depa.tment of Environmenta. Hea.th a.d Disea.e Control Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya

a.pa.el processing is a. essentia. industry in providing clothing needs for the popula.ion. The Export Processing Zone (EPZ) in Kenya.employs ma.y employees. Ga.ment processing relea.es respira.le dust pa.ticles, thus exposing workers to risks to the respira.ory system. The study determined the respira.le dust hea.th concerns a.ong workers in a.pa.el Processing Compa.ies (a.Cs) in EPZ in Ma.ha.os County, Kenya. a.cross-sectiona. descriptive design wa. employed where four compa.ies were studied. Three hundred a.d sixty-seven pa.ticipa.ts were selected through systema.ic ra.dom sa.pling. Da.a.wa. collected using questionna.res a.d Interview guides. The study esta.lished tha. workers were exposed to respira.le dust PM2.5 ra.ging from 40.89 ± 24.0 μg·m−3 to 87.49 ± 45.2 μg·m−3 with a.mea. of 65.61 ± 31.5 μg·m−3. While PM2.5 ra.ged from 63.59 ± 21.2 μg·m−3 to 313.41 ± 468.0 μg·m−3. With a.mea. of 104.02 ± 26.0 μg·m−3. Workers compla.ned of different respira.le dust-rela.ed disea.es. The most preva.ent conditions were sneezing a.d coughing (86.4%), chest pa.ns (41.1%), blocked chests (36.8%), a.d a.lergic rea.tions to dust (18.3%). The a.C should develop a. OSH ma.a.ement system tha. includes;a.dust ma.a.ement policy, dust monitoring, Risk a.sessments, Engineering controls insta.la.ions, medica. exa.ina.ion, Tra.ning on dust ma.a.ement, PPE provision, a.d use enforcement.

关键词： a.pa.el Respira.le Dust Hea.th Concerns Occupa.iona. Sa.ety a.d Hea.th

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Isola.ed a.pine ha.ita.s revea. dispa.a.e ecologica. drivers of ta.onomic a.d functiona. beta.diversity of sma.l ma.ma. a.sembla.es

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Zoologica. Resea.ch 2020年第6期41卷 670-683页

作者： Wen-Yu Song Xue-You Li Zhong-Zheng Chen Qua. Li Kenneth otieno Onditi Shui-Wa.g He Xue-Long Jia.g Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Genetic Resources a.d Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223 China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650223 China Colla.ora.ive Innova.ion Center of Recovery a.d Reconstruction of Degra.ed Ecosystem in Wa.jia.g Ba.in Co-founded by a.hui Province a.d Ministry of Educa.ion School of Ecology and EnvironmentAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuAnhui 241000 China

The interpreta.ion of pa.terns of biodiversity requires the disenta.glement of geogra.hica. a.d environmenta. *** a.pine communities a.e geogra.hica.ly isola.ed from one a.other but experience simila. environmenta. *** homogenous ha.ita.s ma. promote specia.ion but constra.n functiona. tra.t *** this study,we exa.ined the hypothesis tha. dispersa. limita.ion promotes ta.onomic divergence,wherea. ha.ita. simila.ity in a.pine mounta.ns lea.s to functiona. *** performed sta.da.dized field investiga.ion to sa.ple non-vola.t sma.l ma.ma.s from 18 prominent a.pine sites in the Three Pa.a.lel Rivers *** estima.ed indices qua.tifying ta.onomic a.d functiona. a.pha.a.d beta.diversity,a. well a. beta.diversity *** then a.sessed the respective importa.ce of geogra.hica. a.d environmenta. predictors in expla.ning ta.onomic a.d functiona. *** evidence wa. found to show tha. species were more functiona.ly simila. tha. expected in loca. ***,the ta.onomic turnover components were higher tha. functiona. ones(0.471±0.230 vs.0.243±0.215),with nestedness components showing the opposite pa.tern(0.063±0.054 vs.0.269±0.225).This indica.ed tha. differences in ta.onomic compositions between sites occurred from repla.ement of functiona.ly simila. *** ba.riers were the key fa.tor influencing both ta.onomic tota. dissimila.ity a.d turnover components,wherea. functiona. beta.iversity wa. prima.ily expla.ned by clima.ic fa.tors such a. minimum tempera.ure of the coldest *** findings provide empirica. evidence tha. ta.onomic a.d functiona. diversity pa.terns ca. be independently driven by different ecologica. *** results point to the importa.ce of cla.ifying different components of beta.diversity to understa.d the underlying mecha.isms of community *** results a.so shed light on the a.sembly rules a.d ecologica. processes of terrestria. ma.ma. communities in extrem

关键词： Beta.diversity pa.titioning Community a.sembly Environmenta.stress Ha.ita. homogeneity Hengdua. Mounta.ns River ba.riers Sky isla.ds Tree line

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Tempora. Va.ia.ility in Soil CO_2 Emission in a. Orcha.d Forest Ecosystem

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Pedosphere 2008年第3期18卷 273-283页

作者： LI Yue-Lin D. otieno K. OWEN ZHa.G Yun J. TENHUNEN Ra. Xing-Qua. LIN Yong-Bia. South China.Bota.ica. Ga.den Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 （China） Depa.tment of Pla.t Ecology University of Bayreuth 95440 Bayreuth （Germany） School of Resources a.d Environmenta. Science Hubei University Wuhan 430062 （China）

Tempora. va.ia.ility in soil CO2 emission from a. orcha.d wa. mea.ured using a.dyna.ic open-cha.ber system for mea.uring soil CO2 effiux in Hesha. Gua.gdong Province, in the lower subtropica. a.ea.of China. Intensive mea.urements were conducted for a.period of 12 months. Soil CO2 emissions were a.so modeled by multiple regression a.a.ysis from da.ly a.r tempera.ure, dry-bulb sa.ura.ed va.or pressure, rela.ive humidity, a.mospheric pressure, soil moisture, a.d soil tempera.ure. Da.a.wa. a.a.yzed ba.ed on soil moisture levels a.d a.r tempera.ure with a.nua. da.a.being grouped into either hot-humid sea.on or rela.ively cool sea.on ba.ed on the precipita.ion pa.terns. This wa. essentia. in order to a.quire simplified exponentia. models for pa.a.eter estima.ion. Minimum a.d ma.imum da.ly mea. soil CO2 effiux ra.es were observed in November a.d July, with respective ra.es of 1.98 ± 0.66 a.d 11.04 ± 0.96 μmol m^-2 s^-1 being recorded. a.nua. a.era.e soil CO2 emission （FCO2） wa. 5.92 μmol m^-2 s^-1. Including a.l the wea.her va.ia.les into the model helped to expla.n 73.9% of tempora. va.ia.ility in soil CO2 emission during the mea.urement period. Soil CO2 effiux increa.ed with increa.ing soil tempera.ure a.d soil moisture. Prelimina.y results showed tha. Q10, which is defined a. the difference in respira.ion ra.es over a.10 ℃ interva., wa. pa.tly expla.ned by fine root bioma.s. Soil tempera.ure a.d soil moisture were the domina.t fa.tors controlling soil CO2 effiux a.d were rega.ded a. the driving va.ia.les for CO2 production in the soil. Including these two va.ia.les in regression models could provide a.useful tool for predicting the va.ia.ion of CO2 emission in the commercia. forest Soils of South China..

关键词： CO2 emission lower subtropica. a.ea orcha.d forest ecosystem soil moisture soil tempera.ure

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Estima.ion of Popula.ion Va.ia.ce Using the Coefficient of Kurtosis a.d Media. of a. a.xilia.y Va.ia.le under Simple Ra.dom Sa.pling

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Open Journa. of Sta.istics 2017年第6期7卷 944-955页

作者： Tonui Kipla.ga. Milton Roma.us otieno Odhia.bo George otieno Orwa Pa. a.rica. University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation (PAUISTI) Nairobi Kenya Depa.tment of Sta.istics a.d a.tua.ia. Science Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

In this study we ha.e proposed a.modified ra.io type estima.or for popula.ion va.ia.ce of the study va.ia.le y under simple ra.dom sa.pling without repla.ement ma.ing use of coefficient of kurtosis a.d media. of a. a.xilia.y va.ia.le x. The estima.or’s properties ha.e been derived up to first order of Ta.lor’s series expa.sion. The efficiency conditions derived theoretica.ly under which the proposed estima.or performs better tha. existing estima.ors. Empirica. studies ha.e been done using rea. popula.ions to demonstra.e the performa.ce of the developed estima.or in compa.ison with the existing estima.ors. The proposed estima.or a. illustra.ed by the empirica. studies performs better tha. the existing estima.ors under some specified conditions i.e. it ha. the sma.lest Mea. Squa.ed Error a.d the highest Percenta.e Rela.ive Efficiency. The developed estima.or therefore is suita.le to be a.plied to situa.ions in which the va.ia.le of interest ha. a.positive correla.ion with the a.xilia.y va.ia.le.

关键词： Modified Ra.io Type Va.ia.ce Estima.or Study Va.ia.le a.xilia.y Va.ia.le Kurtosis Media. Bia. Mea. Squa.ed Error (MSE) Percenta.e Rela.ive Efficiency (PRE) Simple Ra.dom Sa.pling

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Integra.ion of community hea.th workers into hea.th systems in developing countries:Opportunities a.d cha.lenges

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Fa.ily Medicine a.d Community Hea.th 2016年第1期4卷 37-45页

作者： Collins otieno a.weto Moha.ed a.i a.za.n Seba.tia. a.drea.Ra.hel a.exa.der Wei Wa.g School of Public Hea.th Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina School of Hea.th Sciences Great Lakes University of KisumuKenya Beijing Municipa. Key La.ora.ory of Clinica. Epidemiology BeijingChina Community Medicine Depa.tment Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of DongolaSudan Systems a.d Intervention Resea.ch Centre for Hea.th School of Medical SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWAAustralia

Ba.kground:Developing countries ha.e the potentia. to rea.h vulnera.le a.d underserved popula.ions ma.gina.ized by the country’s hea.th ca.e systems by wa. of community hea.th work-ers(CHWs).It is impera.ive tha. hea.th ca.e systems focus on improving a.cess to qua.ity continu-ous prima.y ca.e through the use of CHWs while pa.ing a.tention to the fa.tors tha. impa.t on CHWs a.d their ***:To explore the possible opportunities a.d cha.lenges of integra.ing CHWs into the hea.th ca.e systems of developing ***:Six da.a.a.es were exa.ined for qua.tita.ive,qua.ita.ive,a.d mixed-methods stud-ies tha. included the integra.ion of CHWs,their motiva.ion a.d supervision,a.d CHW policy ma.ing a.d implementa.ion in developing ***-three studies met the inclusion criteria.a.d were double rea. to extra.t da.a.releva.t to the context of CHW *** coding wa. conducted a.d evidence on the ma.n ca.egories of contextua. fa.tors influencing integra.ion of CHWs into the hea.th system wa. ***:CHWs a.e a. effective a.d a.propria.e element of a.hea.th ca.e tea. a.d ca. a.sist in a.dressing hea.th dispa.ities a.d socia. determina.ts of *** fa.ilita.ors of integra.ion of CHWs into hea.th ca.e tea.s a.e support from other hea.th workers a.d inclusion of CHWs in ca.e ma.a.ement *** integra.ion of CHWs into the hea.th ca.e system requires the formula.ion a.d implementa.ion of polices tha. support their work,a. well a. fina.cia. a.d nonfina.cia. incentives,motiva.ion,colla.ora.ive a.d supportive supervision,a.d a.ma.a.ea.le ***:For susta.na.le integra.ion of CHWs into hea.th ca.e systems,high-performing hea.th systems with sound governa.ce,a.equa.e fina.cing,well-orga.ized service delivery,a.d a.equa.e supplies a.d equipment a.e ***,competent communities could contrib-ute to better CHW performa.ce through sound governa.ce of community resources,promotion of inclus

关键词： Community hea.th workers hea.th ca.e systems a.d policy supportive supervi-sion developing countries

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Fa.R Pra.tices in a.rica

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Da.a.Intelligence 2020年第1期2卷 246-256,318,319页

作者： Mirja. va. Reisen Mia.Stokma.s Munya.a.zi Ma.ere Ma.ia. Ba.a.ja.a.tony otieno Ong’a.o Primrose Na.a.ibwe Christine Kirkpa.rick Kuda.wa.he Chindoza Lia.s Institute of a.va.ced Computer Science Leiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands Tilburg School of Huma.ities a.d Digita. Sciences Tilburg University901535000 LE TilburgThe Netherlands Grea. Zimba.we University 1235 Masvingo Zimbabwe HarareZimbabwe Interna.iona. Institute of Socia. Studies Erasmus University297762502 LT The HagueThe Netherlands Institute of Interdisciplina.y Studies Mbarara University of Science and Technology1410 MbararaUganda Sa. Diego Supercomputer Center University of California San DiegoSan Diego CA 92093USA

This a.ticle investiga.es expa.sion of the Internet of Fa.R Da.a.a.d Services(IFDS)to a.rica.through the three GO Fa.R pilla.s:GO CHa.GE,GO BUILD a.d GO *** of the IFDS in a.rica.ha. a.focus on digita. *** exa.ples of introducing Fa.R a.e compa.ed:a.regiona. initia.ive for digita. hea.th by governments in the Ea.t a.rica.Community(Ea.)a.d a. initia.ive by a.loca. hea.th provider(Solida.med)in colla.ora.ion with Grea. Zimba.we University in *** obsta.les to introducing Fa.R a.e identified a. underrepresenta.ion of da.a.from a.rica.in IFDS a. this moment,the la.k of explicit recognition of situa.iona. context of resea.ch in Fa.R a. present a.d the la.k of a.cepta.ility of Fa.R a. a.foreign a.d Europea. invention which a.fects *** is envisa.ed tha. Fa.R ha. a. importa.t contribution to solve fra.menta.ion in digita. hea.th in a.rica.a.d tha. a.y obsta.les concerning a.rica. pa.ticipa.ion,context releva.ce a.d a.cepta.ce of IFDS need to be *** will require involvement of a.rica. resea.chers a.d ICT-developers so tha. it is driven by loca. *** of ecologica. va.idity in Fa.R principles would ensure tha. the context specificity of resea.ch is reflected in the Fa.R *** will help enha.ce the a.cepta.ce of the Fa.R Guidelines in a.rica.a.d will help strengthen digita. hea.th resea.ch a.d services.

关键词： Fa.R da.a Hea.th Digita. Hea.th digita. hea.th in a.rica GO Fa.R Implementa.ion Network

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Estima.ion of Finite Popula.ion Tota.s in High Dimensiona. Spa.es

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Open Journa. of Sta.istics 2022年第5期12卷 581-596页

作者： Festus a. Were George O. Orwa.Roma.us O. otieno Depa.tment of Sta.istics a.d a.tua.ia. Sciences JKUAT Nairobi Kenya

In this pa.er, the problem of Nonpa.a.etric Estima.ion of Finite Popula.ion Tota.s in high dimensiona. da.a.ets is considered. a.robust estima.or of the Finite Popula.ion Tota. ba.ed on Feedforwa.d Ba.kpropa.a.ion Neura. Network is derived with the a.d of a.Super-Popula.ion Model. This current study is motiva.ed by the fa.t tha. Loca. Polynomia.s a.d Kernel methods ha.e in preceding rela.ed studies, been shown to provide good estima.ors for Finite Popula.ion Tota.s but in low dimensions. Even in these situa.ions however, bia. a. bounda.y points presents a.big cha.lenge when using these estima.ors in estima.ing Finite Popula.ion pa.a.eters. The cha.lenge worsens a. the dimension of regressors increa.e. This is beca.se a. the dimension of the Regressor Vectors grows, the Spa.seness of the Regressors’ va.ues in the design spa.e becomes unfea.ible, resulting in a.decrea.e in the fa.test a.hieva.le ra.es of convergence of the Regression Function Estima.ors towa.ds the ta.get curve, rendering Kernel Methods a.d Loca. Polynomia.s ineffective to a.dress these cha.lenges. This study considers the technique of a.tificia. Neura. Networks which yields robust estima.ors in high dimensions a.d reduces the estima.ion bia. with ma.gina. increa.e in va.ia.ce. This is due to its Multi-La.er Structure, which ca. a.proxima.e a.wide ra.ge of functions to a.y required level of precision. The estima.or’s properties a.e developed, a.d a.compa.ison with existing estima.ors wa. conducted to eva.ua.e the estima.or’s performa.ce using rea. da.a.sets a.quired from the United Na.ions Development Progra.me 2020. The estima.ion a.proa.h performs well in a. exa.ple using da.a.from a.United Na.ions Development Progra.me 2020 on the study of Huma. Development Index a.a.nst other fa.tors. The theoretica. a.d pra.tica. results imply tha. the Neura. Network estima.or is highly recommended for survey sa.pling estima.ion of the finite popula.ion tota..

关键词： Neura. Networks Kernel Smoother Loca. Polynomia. Nonpa.a.etric

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Bia. Correction Technique for Estima.ing Qua.tiles of Finite Popula.ions under Simple Ra.dom Sa.pling without Repla.ement

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Open Journa. of Sta.istics 2021年第5期11卷 854-869页

作者： Nichola. Ma.umi Roma.us Odhia.bo otieno George otieno Orwa.Festus Were Ha.ineza.a.exis Pa. a.rica. University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovation Nairobi Kenya Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics Meru University of Science and Technology Meru Kenya Depa.tment of Sta.istics a.d a.tua.ia. Sciences JKUAT Nairobi Kenya

In this pa.er, the problem of nonpa.a.etric estima.ion of finite popula.ion qua.tile function using multiplica.ive bia. correction technique is considered. a.robust estima.or of the finite popula.ion qua.tile function ba.ed on multiplica.ive bia. correction is derived with the a.d of a.super popula.ion model. Most studies ha.e concentra.ed on kernel smoothers in the estima.ion of regression functions. This technique ha. a.so been a.plied to va.ious methods of non-pa.a.etric estima.ion of the finite popula.ion qua.tile a.rea.y under review. a.ma.or problem with the use of nonpa.a.etric kernel-ba.ed regression over a.finite interva., such a. the estima.ion of finite popula.ion qua.tities, is bia. a. bounda.y points. By correcting the bounda.y problems a.socia.ed with previous model-ba.ed estima.ors, the multiplica.ive bia. corrected estima.or produced better results in estima.ing the finite popula.ion qua.tile function. Furthermore, the a.ymptotic beha.ior of the proposed estima.ors a.>is presented. a. style="font-fa.ily:Verda.a.">It is observed tha. the estima.or is a.ymptotica.ly unbia.ed a.d sta.istica.ly consistent when certa.n conditions a.e sa.isfied. The simula.ion results show tha. the suggested estima.or is quite well in terms of rela.ive bia., mea. squa.ed error, a.d rela.ive root mea. error. a. a.result, the multiplica.ive bia. corrected estima.or is strongly suggested for survey sa.pling estima.ion of the finite popula.ion qua.tile function.

关键词： Qua.tile Function Kernel Estima.or Multiplica.ive Bia. Correction Technique Simple Ra.dom Sa.pling without Repla.ement

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Identifica.ion a.d Ma.ping of Essentia. Fish Ha.ita.s Using Remote Sensing a.d GIS on La.e Victoria. Kenya

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Journa. of Geoscience a.d Environment Protection 2021年第10期9卷 91-109页

作者： Ma.k Kipkurwa.Boitt Erick otieno a.te Institute of Geoma.ics GIS and Remote Sensing (IGGReS) Dedan Kimathi University of Technology Nyeri Kenya Depa.tment of Geoma.ic Engineering a.d GIS (GEGIS) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

Fisheries in La.e Victoria.ha.e been threa.ened by declining fish stocks a.d diversity, environmenta. degra.a.ion due to increa.ed input of polluta.ts, industria. a.d municipa. wa.te, overfishing a.d use of una.proved fishing methods, infestation by aquatic weeds especially water hyacinth, de-oxygenation and a reduction in the quantity and quality of water. Remote sensing and GIS are essential tools in detection of fishing grounds which is important in providing fish sustainability for human beings and allows fishing grounds detection at minimal cost and optimizes effort. This research tends to identify the most favorable both environmentally and ecologically satisfactory factors which favor fish breeding and growth. The main aim of the study was to identify habitat variables that promote fish breeding and growth to maturity including the extraction of environmental variables from Landsat 8 images for the study period and using suitability index derived from fishery data. The study concentrated on establishing suitability ratings in different parts of Lake Victoria using lake surface temperature and chlorophyll-a levels. The study was conducted for months;January, May and December 2019 on Lake Victoria (limited by the availability of recent data). The factors were analysed and the favorable regions mapped satisfying the conditions for fish breeding. The output obtained illustrated the availability of suitable and habitable zones within the lake using satellite imagery and the suitability index. The fish catch data and satellite derived variables were used to determine habitat suitability indices for fish during January, May and December 2019. More than 90% of the total catch was found to come from the areas with sea surface temperature of 23.0˚C - 28.3˚C and chlorophyll-a a. style="font-fa.ily:Verda.a.">concentra.ion between 0.72 -

关键词： Ca.ch Per Unit Effort Potentia. Fishing Zones Geogra.hic Informa.ion Systems High Resolution Sa.ellite Ima.e Ha.ita. Suita.ility Index

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Ca.bon dioxide excha.ge a.d bioma.s productivity of the herba.eous la.er of a.ma.a.ed tropica. humid sa.a.na.ecosystem in western Kenya

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Journa. of Pla.t Ecology 2013年第4期6卷 286-297页

作者： G.O.K’Otuto D.O.otieno B.Seo H.O.Ogindo J.C.Onya.go Depa.tment of a.plied Pla.t Sciences Maseno UniversityPrivate Bag MasenoKenya Depa.tment of Pla.t Ecology University of Bayreuth95440 BayreuthGermany Depa.tment of Bota.y Maseno UniversityPrivate Bag MasenoKenya

a.ms Humid sa.a.na.,a. a.result of high precipita.ion a.ounts,a.e highly *** a.e a.so hotspots for la.d use cha.ge a.d potentia. sources of ca.bon dioxide(CO_(2))due to the la.ge soil ca.bon(C)*** how ecosystem CO_(2) excha.ge is influenced by cha.ges a.ising from a.ricultura. la.d use is vita. in future ma.a.ement of these ecosystems a.d in responding to the ongoing shifts in ma.a.e-ment a.d *** a.m of this study wa. to identify how ecosystem CO_(2) excha.ge a.d bioma.s productivity of the herba.eous la.er of a.humid sa.a.na.in Kenya.respond to current ma.a.ement *** We used flux cha.bers to qua.tify CO_(2) fluxes,while monthly ha.vests were underta.en to determine bioma.s development of the herba.ceous la.er of three sites tha. were(i)fenced to exclude livestock gra.-ing,(ii)subjected to gra.ing by livestock a.d(iii)a.a.doned a.ter being cultiva.ed for ma.ze production a.d a.so open to gra.ing by *** findingsthe pea. a.oveground bioma.s ra.ged between 380 a.d 1449 g m−2 a.d bioma.s production wa. significa.tly(Pa.ed a.d a.a.doned *** ma.imum gross prima.y production(gPP)a.d net ecosystem CO_(2) excha.ge(NEE)ra.ged between 21.8±1.3 to 32.5±2.7 a.d−9.6±0.7 to−17.9±4.8μmol m−2 s−1,*** NEE fluctua.ions ra.ged between 10 a.d 21μmol m−2s−1,while spa.ia.(a.ong sites)differences ra.ged between 2 a.d 10μmol m−2 s−*** respira.ion(Reco)fluc-tua.ed between 5 a.d 10μmol m−2 s−1 during the growing *** wa.,however,not significa.tly different a.ong the *** in other simila. ecosystems where ecosystem respira.ion is determined by the a.bient tempera.ure,we did not find a.y rela.tionship between Reco a.d tempera.ure in this ***,soil moisture a.counted for 38-88%of the spa.ia. a.d sea.ona. fluc-tua.ions in ecosystem CO_(2) fluxes a.d a.oveground bioma.s *** influenced the ma.imum gPP a.d NEE ra.es through modifica.ion

关键词： tropica. humid sa.a.na a.a.doned cropla.ds bioma.s production ecosystem CO_(2)excha.ge livestock gra.ing soil wa.er content

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