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Improving Water Use Efficiency of Wheat Crop Varieties in the North China Plain: Review and Analysis

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1243-1250页

作者： MEI Xu-rong ZHONG Xiu-li vadez vincent LIU Xiao-ying Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/State Engineering Laboratory of Efficient Water Use and Disaster Mitigation for Crops/Key Laboratory for Dryland Agriculture Ministry of Agriculture International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

The North China Plain （NCP）, one of the most important agricultural regions in China, is facing a major water-resource crisis evoked by excessive exploitation of groundwater. To reduce water use while maintaining high crop production level, improving variety water use efficiency （WUE） is an urgent need, especially because other water-saving measures such as water delivery, irrigation, and agricultural practices have already achieved most possible progresses. Evaluation of variety WUE can be performed accurately at the individual plant level （WUEp）. Reviewing the studies on physiological factors affecting WUE p performed up to date, stomatal conductance was considered to be an important trait associating closely with WUE p . The trait showed a large degree of varietal variability under well-watered conditions. Crop varieties differ highly in sensitivity of stomata to soil and air drying, with some varieties strongly reducing their stomatal conductance in contrast with those lightly regulating their stomata. As a result, difference among varieties in WUE p was enlarged under water deficit conditions in contrast with those under well-watered conditions. The relationship between stomatal conductance and yield depends on water availability of whole growing period in local areas. Usually, large stomatal conductance results in a high yield under good irrigation system, whereas a low stomatal conductance can lead to yield benefit under limited stored soil moisture conditions. In the NCP, winter wheat is the largest consumer of irrigation water, improvement strategies for high WUE aiming at wheat crops are in urgent need. We suggest, for the well-irrigated areas with excessive exploitation of groundwater, the wheat breeding program need to combine medium stomatal conductance （0.35 mmol H2O m-2 s-1 or so）, high carboxylation efficiency, and high harvest index. Areas with partial/full access to irrigation, or infrequent drought, should target wheat varieties with high stomatal

关键词： water use efficiency yield stomatal conductance water deficit

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Practical Considerations and Limitations of Using Leaf and Canopy Temperature Measurements as a Stomatal Conductance Proxy:Sensitivity across Environmental Conditions,Scale,and Sample Size

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Plant Phenomics 2024年第2期6卷 416-432页

作者： Ismael K.Mayanja Christine H.Diepenbrock vincent vadez Tong Lei Brian N.Bailey Department of Biological Systems Engineering University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCAUSA French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development(IRD) UMR DIADEUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance

Stomatal conductance(gs)is a crucial component of plant physiology,as it links plant productivity and water loss through *** gs indirectly through leaf temperature(Tl)measurement is common for reducing the high labor cost associated with direct gs ***,the relationship between observed Tl and gs can be notably affected by local environmental conditions,canopy structure,measurement scale,sample size,and gs itself.

关键词： environmental temperature conditions canopy sample proxy scale leaf across conductance

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民族植物学技能和为农业毁掉热带雨林:玻利维亚低地的一个案例研究

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2007年第5期36卷 388-390页

作者： Victoria Reyes-García vincent vadez Susan Tanner Tomás Huanca William R.Leonard Thomas McDade 丁莉 ICREA 国际半干旱热带地区作物研究院乔治亚大学人类学系布兰迪斯大学凯勒社会政策和管理学校西北大学人类学系

在生物多样性的保护方面,原住民族通常被认为是潜在的同盟者。本文中我们对原住民的民族植物学技能是否有助于减少热带雨林的采伐进行了评估。我们调查了玻利维亚的一个土著亚马孙族群—提斯曼人的128个家庭的男性家庭户主的民族植物学... 详细信息

在生物多样性的保护方面,原住民族通常被认为是潜在的同盟者。本文中我们对原住民的民族植物学技能是否有助于减少热带雨林的采伐进行了评估。我们调查了玻利维亚的一个土著亚马孙族群—提斯曼人的128个家庭的男性家庭户主的民族植物学技能并且测定了他们为农业而采伐的雨林面积。我们应用多元回归分析来推测在对学校教育、健康状况、采伐的地块数量、家庭的成年人口以及居住的村庄进行控制时民族植物学技能和采伐的雨林面积的关系。我们发现当男性家庭成员的民族植物学技能加倍时,每户家庭采伐的热带雨林的数量减少了25%。这种联系在被采伐的老龄林面积作为因变量时比采伐的休耕林的面积作为因变量时更强烈。依靠森林生存的人可能会比不利用森林的人更看重林分的价值,因此他们可能更不情愿采伐森林。

关键词：民族植物学热带雨林玻利维亚农业家庭成员案例低地多元回归分析

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Hunting for a viral proxy in bioaerosols of swine buildings using molecular detection and metagenomics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 69-78页

作者： Valérie Létourneau Marie-Josée Gagné Jonathan M.Vyskocil vincent Brochu Kim Robitaille Martin Gauthier Julie Brassard Caroline Duchaine Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre-UniversitéLaval 2725 Chemin Sainte-FoyQuebecG1V 4G5Canada Saint-Hyacinthe Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada3600 Casavant Boulevard WestSaint-HyacintheJ2S 8E3Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiologyand Bio-informaticsFaculty of Science and EngineeringUniversitéLaval1045 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecG1V 0A6Canada The Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Universitéde Montréal3200 Rue SicotteSaint-HyacintheJ2S 2M2Canada

There are limited biosecurity measures directed at preventing airborne transmission of viruses in *** effectiveness of dust mitigation strategies such as oil sprinkling,to decrease risk of airborne virus transmission are *** and qPCR for common fecal viruses were used to hunt for a ubiquitous virus to serve as a proxy when evaluating the efficiency of mitigation strategies against airborne viral infectious *** particles were collected from swine buildings using high-volume air *** DNA and RNA were used to perform specific RT-qPCR and qPCR and analyzed by highthroughput *** astroviruses group 2 were common(from 102 to 105 genomic copies per cubic meter of air or gc/m^(3),93%positivity)while no norovirus genogroup II was recovered from air *** torque teno sus virus were detected by qPCR in low concentrations(from 101 to 102 gc/m^(3),47%positivity).Among the identified viral families by metagenomics analysis,Herelleviridae,Microviridae,Myoviridae,Podoviridae,and Siphoviridae were *** phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus was present in all air samples and a newly designed qPCR revealed between 101 and 105 gc/m^(3) among the samples taken for the present study(97%positivity)and banked samples from5-and 15-year old studies(89%positivity).According to the present study,both the porcine astrovirus group 2 and the phage vB_AviM_AVP of Aerococcus could be proxy for airborne viruses of swine buildings.

关键词： Bioaerosols Viral metagenomics Astrovirus Aerococcus phage Swine buildings

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Characterization and source apportionment of volatile organic compounds in Hong Kong:A 5-year study for three different archetypical sites

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 424-440页

作者： Yuchen Mai vincent Cheung Peter K.K.Louie Kenneth Leung Jimmy C.H.Fung Alexis K.H.Lau Donald R.B.lake Dasa Gu Division of Environment and Sustainability The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Environmental Protection Department Hong Kong 999077China Environment and Ecology Bureau Hong Kong 999077China Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaIrvine 92617USA

Initial success has been achieved in Hong Kong in controlling primary air pollutants,but ambient ozone levels kept increasing during the past three *** organic compounds(VOCs)are important for mitigating ozone pollution as its major *** study analyzed VOC characteristics of roadside,suburban,and rural sites in Hong Kong to investigate their compositions,concentrations,and source *** showthat the TVOC concentrations were 23.05±13.24,12.68±15.36,and 5.16±5.48 ppbv for roadside,suburban,and rural sites between May 2015 to June 2019,*** using Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)model,six sources were identified at the roadside site over five years:Liquefied petroleum gas(LPG)usage(33%–46%),gasoline evaporation(8%–31%),aged air mass(11%–28%),gasoline exhaust(5%–16%),diesel exhaust(2%–16%)and fuel filling(75–9%).Similarly,six sources were distinguished at the suburban site,including LPG usage(30%–33%),solvent usage(20%–26%),diesel exhaust(14%–26%),gasoline evaporation(8%–16%),aged air mass(4%–11%),and biogenic emissions(2%–5%).At the rural site,four sources were identified,including aged airmass(33%–51%),solvent usage(25%–30%),vehicular emissions(11%–28%),and biogenic emissions(6%–12%).The analysis further revealed that fuel filling and LPG usage were the primary contributors to OFP and OH reactivity at the roadside site,while solvent usage and biogenic emissions accounted for almost half of OFP and OH reactivity at the suburban and rural sites,*** findings highlight the importance of identifying and characterizing VOC sources at different sites to help policymakers develop targeted measures for pollution mitigation in specific areas.

关键词： Volatile organic compounds Positive matrix factorization Source apportionment Ozone formation

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Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 574-586页

作者： Olivier Kerdiles Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-mba Katherine Coulombe Cyntia Tremblay vincentÉmond Martine Saint-Pierre Clémence Rouxel Line Berthiaume Pierre Julien Francesca Cicchetti Frédéric Calon Facultéde pharmacie UniversitéLaval1050 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecQCCanada Axe Neuroscience Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval(Pavillon CHUL)2705 Boulevard LaurierQuebecQCCanada Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods QuebecQCCanada Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory(NutriNeuro FranceINAFCanada)QuebecQCCanada Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Médecine Facultéde MédecineUniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Facultéde MédecineQuebecQCCanada

There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after *** that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic ***,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal *** weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 *** this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or *** acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars ***,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned *** to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned *** present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine dopamine dopamine transporter exercise neurorestoration Parkinson’s disease polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3

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Burden of Chronic Low Back Pain in Low and Middle-Income Settings: Case of the Yaounde Central Hospital, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 65-87页

作者： Roland Nchufor Nassourou Oumarou Haman Toto Orlane Ndome Ronaldo Fonju Anu Dimitri Fogue vincent de Paul Djientcheu Faculty of Health Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Neurosurgery Department Yaounde General and Central Hospitals Yaounde Cameroon Cameroon Academy of Young Scientists (CAYS) Yaounde Cameroon Neurosurgery Department Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Background: Chronic low back pain is a leading cause of morbidity and disability globally. Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) tend to be more affected, with chronic low back pain (CLBP) being among the leading presenting complaints at specialist consultation. The exact burden of this disease is sparingly known in our setting. Objective: To evaluate the burden of chronic low back pain at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 3 months, from March 2022 to May 2022. After obtaining ethical clearance and research authorisations, data was collected using structured questionnaires from patients with chronic low back pain presenting at the Yaounde Central Hospital during the aforementioned time frame. This data was then tabulated with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 23.0), and disability was assessed using the modified Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index. Data analysis was done using the International Business Machines Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) VERSION 23.0. Results: 115 cases of CLBP were included. The mean age was 52.62 years, and the sex ratio was 0.3. The average monthly income was less than 50,000 frs CFA, in 37.4% of cases. In 57.9%, patients had a job that involved physical labour. The patients had a secondary level of education in 40.9%, and alcohol consumption was observed in 36%. The average number of days of a work stoppage due to LBP was 12.75 days (±12SD), and the median duration of CLBP was 7.15 (7.5SD) years. The median pain intensity was 7 (±2SD), with leg pain and sensory neuropathy observed in 67.8% and 63.5% respectively. Lumbar X-ray was done in 45.2% and revealed lumbar osteoarthrosis in 62.4%. Hypertension as a comorbidity was observed in 26.1%. Medical treatment was used at least once in 98.3% of cases. The average cost of management per month was assessed, and the median was 52,000 FCFA (±20,876 SD). Using

关键词： Burden of Disease Chronic Low Back Pain Disability Yaounde Central Hospital

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A Regional Structural Mapping Approach for Mineral Exploration: Application in the Southwestern Region of Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Geology 2025年第1期15卷 1-21页

作者： Kalidou Traoré Benjamin Sawadogo Koffi vincent de Paul Vodounnou Wilédio Marc-Emile Bonzi Georges Alassane Ouattara Morou François Ouédraogo Séta Naba Laboratoire de Godynamique et de Cartographie Universit des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako Bamako Mali Laboratoire Gosciences et Environnement (LaGE) Dpartement des Sciences de la Terre Universit Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut Teng Tuuma Gosciences de Ouagadougou (ITTGO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Universit Daniel Ouezzin Coulibaly Unit de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies (UFR-SAT) Ddougou Burkina Faso

From a harmonized structural map at the scale of a portion of SW Burkina Faso (90 × 80 km2), we targeted prospective zones on the basis of structural criteria and structure-geology relationships. The map was constructed from an aeromagnetic image, and the geology was deduced from old geological maps. The procedure involved extracting the magnetic fabric and deducing the deformation gradients, which led to the identification of shear zones. Analysis and interpretation of the structural geometry of the obtained structural pattern led us to target areas of interference between structures or geology-structures interplays, which are conducive to the deposition of metallic elements. The subsequent overlay of known gold prospects and deposits documented in the region revealed the validity of the predefined prospects. This result reinforces the applicability of the methodology as a first-order regional approach to mineral exploration.

关键词： Magnetic Fabric Shear Zones Targeting Gold Mining Exploration sWAC Burkina Faso

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Prognostic Factors for Operated Traumatic Brain Injury at the Yaounde Emergency Center

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2025年第1期15卷 88-95页

作者： Ernestine Renée Bikono Atangana Alain Jibia Serge Rawlings Ngouatna Reid Achu Darius Kenzo Temgoua Herve Mfouapon Ewane Casimir Fankem vincent de Paul Djientcheu Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Neurosurgery Department Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Garoua Garoua Cameroon Yaounde Emergency Center Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: Head injuries constitute a public health problem in Cameroon and everywhere else in the world. They represent 23% of admissions to the Yaounde emergency center (CURY), which is a center exclusively dedicated, since 2014, to emergency care in Yaounde. In the management of trauma brain injuries at CURY, several are operated on. However, to date, no evaluation of these operated patients has yet been made. Goals: The objective of this study was to highlight the prognostic factors in patients operated for TBI at CURY. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive study whose data collection was done retrospectively over 2 years (01 January 2021 to 31 December 2022) at CURY. Data was collected from the registers of operative reports. Results: We enrolled 105 medical reports of patients who were victims of TBI operated on. The male gender predominated with a sex ratio of 3/1. The average age of the patients was 37.5 ± 18.83 years. Public road accidents were the leading cause of TBI in 75.2% of cases. The means of transport of the victims were mostly non-medical 97.1%. 45.7% of patients were admitted in less than 6 hours following injury. The initial clinical evaluation found 45.8% of patients with a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) between [14, 15], and 13.2% of patients had a GCS 8. The indications for surgery were extradural hematoma (30%), followed by acute subdural hematoma (24%). The major complication was postoperative infection (25%). The mortality rate of the series was 7.9%. Poor prognostic factors were the depth of the coma on admission, advanced age and postoperative complications. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that most patients operated on for TBI at CURY had a favorable outcome. The poor prognostic factors were the depth of the coma on admission, advanced age, postoperative complications and comorbidities.

关键词： Operated TBI Prognosis Yaounde Emergency Center

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Tourism Developments Increase Tsunami Disaster Risk in Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第5期12卷 764-769页

作者： vincent Nijman Department of Social Sciences Oxford Brookes UniversityOxford OX30BP.United Kingdom

On 17 July 2006,the tourist resort of Pangandaran on Java’s south coast was hit by a tsunami,resulting in 413 fatalities and severe damage to *** tsunami resulted in major rebuilds with a focus on mass *** of the impact of a future tsunami focussed on building development and suggest limited change since *** article presents a case study on the development of(largely domestic)tourism in Pangandaran and how this has increased the tsunami disaster *** numbers were stable at about 900,000 visitors a year prior to the tsunami,down to slightly over 250,000 visitors a year in its aftermath,and from 2007 onwards numbers are doubling every three years to about 4 million visitors in *** increase has been most pronounced during *** to 2006,Pangandaran was characterized by wooden structures and one-and two-story buildings of clay-brick masonry;by 2019,14 three to sixstory hotels have been erected along the *** many more visitors,most of whom are unfamiliar with tsunami risks,and shelter facilities for less than a quarter of visitors during peak times,future impacts and the potential cost to life are considerably higher now than in 2006,especially if a tsunami were to hit over a *** tourists upon arrival and throughout their stay should be better informed about the risks of tsunamis,and of the location of tsunami shelters and evacuation routes.

关键词： Disaster resilience Effective warning Indonesia Risk mitigation Tourism Tsunami

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