The strong societal demand to reduce pesticide use and adaptation to climate change challenges the capacities of phenotyping new varieties in the vineyard.High-throughput phenotyping is a way to obtain meaningful and ...
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The strong societal demand to reduce pesticide use and adaptation to climate change challenges the capacities of phenotyping new varieties in the vineyard.High-throughput phenotyping is a way to obtain meaningful and reliable information on hundreds of genotypes in a limited period.We evaluated traits related to growth in 209 genotypes from an interspecific grapevine biparental cross,between IJ119,a local genitor,and Divona,both in summer and in winter,using several methods:fresh pruning wood weight,exposed leaf area calculated from digital images,leaf chlorophyll concentration,and LiDAR-derived apparent volumes.Using high-density genetic information obtained by the genotyping by sequencing technology(GBS),we detected 6 regions of the grapevine genome[quantitative trait loci(QTL)]associated with the variations of the traits in the progeny.The detection of statistically significant QTLs,as well as correlations(R^(2))with traditional methods above 0.46,shows that LiDAR technology is effective in characterizing the growth features of the grapevine.Heritabilities calculated with LiDAR-derived total canopy and pruning wood volumes were high,above 0.66,and stable between growing seasons.These variables provided genetic models explaining up to 47%of the phenotypic variance,which were better than models obtained with the exposed leaf area estimated from images and the destructive pruning weight measurements.Our results highlight the relevance of LiDAR-derived traits for characterizing genetically induced differences in grapevine growth and open new perspectives for high-throughput phenotyping of grapevines in the vineyard.
AIM: To describe initial results and experimental error measurement of a protocol analyzing Human posture through sagittal intersegmental moments. METHODS: Postural analysis has been recently improved by development o...
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AIM: To describe initial results and experimental error measurement of a protocol analyzing Human posture through sagittal intersegmental moments. METHODS: Postural analysis has been recently improved by development of three-dimensional radiographic imaging systems. However, in various situations such as global sagittal anterior malalignment interpretation of radiographs may not represent the real alignment of the subject. The aim of this study was to present initial results of a 3D biomechanical protocol. This protocol isobtained in a free standing position and characterizes postural balance by measurement of sagittal intersegmental net moments. After elaboration of a specific marker-set, 4 successive recordings were done on two volunteers by three different operators during three sessions in order to evaluate the experimental error measurement. A supplementary acquisition in a "radiographic" posture was also obtained. Once the data acquired, joint center, length, anatomical frame and the center of mass of each body segment was calculated and a mass affected. Sagittal net intersegmental moments were computed in an ascending manner from ground reaction forces at the ankles, knees, hips and the lumbosacral and thoraco-lumbar spinal junctions. Cervicothoracic net intersegmental moment was calculated in a descending manner.RESULTS: Based on average recordings, clinical interpretation of net intersegmental moments(in N.m) showed a dorsal flexion on the ankles(8.6 N.m), a flexion on the knees(7.5 N.m) and an extension on the hips(8.5 N.m). On the spinal junctions, it was flexion moments: 0.34 N.m on the cervico-thoracic; 6.7 N.m on the thoraco-lumbar and 0.65 N.m on the lumbo-sacral. Evaluation of experimental error measurement showed a small inter-trial error(intrinsic variability), with higher inter-session and inter-therapist errors but without important variation between them. For one volunteer the "radiographic" posture was associated to significant changes compared to the free standing position. CONCLUSION: Thes
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