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Reducing deep learning network structure through variable reduction methods in crop modeling

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2021年第1期5卷 196-207页

作者： Babak Saravi A.Pouyan Nejadhashemi Prakash jha Bo Tang Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Feed the Future Innovation Lab for Collaborative Research on Sustainable Intensification Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMS 39762USA

Crop models are widely used to predict plant growth,water input requirements,and ***,existing models are very complex and require hundreds of variables to perform *** to these shortcomings,large-scale applications of crop models are *** order to address these limitations,reliable crop models were developed using a deep neural network(DNN)–a new approach for predicting crop *** addition,the number of required input variables was reduced using three common variable selection techniques:namely Bayesian variable selection,Spearman's rank correlation,and Principal Component Analysis Feature *** reduced-variableDNN modelswere capable of estimating future crop yields for 10,000,000 differentweather and irrigation scenarios while maintaining comparable accuracy levels to the original model that used all input *** establish clear superiority of the methodology,the results were also compared with a very recent feature selection algorithm called min-redundancy max-relevance(mRMR).The results of this study showed that the Bayesian variable selection was the best method for achieving the aforementioned ***,the final Bayesian-based DNN model with a structure of 10 neurons in 5 layers performed very similarly(78.6%accuracy)to the original DNN cropmodel with 400 neurons in 10 layers,even though the size of the neural network was reduced by *** effort can help promote sustainable agricultural intensifications through the large-scale application of crop models.

关键词： Deep learning Artificial intelligent Variable reduction Crop modeling Yield prediction Irrigation

Remission is not maintained over 2 years with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for rheumatoid arthritis:A systematic review with meta-analysis

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2021年第6期12卷 114-130页

作者： Sathish Muthu Madhan Jeyaraman Rajni Ranjan Saurabh kumar jha Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityDelhi 201306Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical College and HospitalDindigul 624001Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Faculty of MedicineSri Lalithambigai Medical College and HospitalChennai 600095Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics School of Medical Sciences and ResearchGreater Noida 201306Uttar PradeshIndia

BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell(HSC)transplantation(HSCT)is being accepted as a standard of care in various inflammatory *** treatment of rheumatoid arthritis(RA)has been closely evolving with the understanding of disease *** the rising resistance to the traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and targeted biological therapy,researchers are in pursuit of other methods for disease *** the ultimate goal of the ideal treatment of RA is to restore immune tolerance,HSCT attracts much attention considering its reparative,paracrine,and anti-inflammatory ***,a systematic review of studies on HSCT in RA is *** To investigate the role of HSCT in the management of *** A detailed search of PubMed,Scopus,EMBASE,Cochrane,and the Web of Science databases was made to identify the relevant articles till September 2020 following Cochrane and PRISMA *** extracted data including the number of patients,source of hematopoietic stem cells,their mobilization and conditioning regimens,results,and complications from the eligible *** were dichotomized into success(ACR 50/70)and failure(ACR 20)based on the improvement from baseline *** methodological quality of the included studies was also *** was performed using OpenMeta[Analysis]*** We included 17 studies(1 randomized controlled trial,11 prospective,and 5 retrospective studies)with 233 patients for *** provided a significantly beneficial overall improvement in the clinical grades of ACR criteria(Z=11.309,P<0.001).However,the remission was noted only till 24 mo and later on the significance of the result was lost(Z=1.737,P=0.082).A less than 1%treatmentrelated mortality was noted from the included *** major drug-related toxicities were noted in any of the included *** patients who underwent allogeneic HSCT received immunosuppression in the conditioning regimen to counteract the

关键词： Hematopoietic stem cell Rheumatoid arthritis Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug Biological therapy Systematic review Meta-analysis

Impact of urbanization on groundwater recharge and urban water balance for the city of Hyderabad, India

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2018年第1期6卷 51-62页

作者： Hemant Balwant Wakode Klaus Baier Ramakar jha Rafig Azzam Department of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology RWTH Aachen UniversityLochnerstr.4-2052064 AachenGermany Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of Technology(NIT)PatnaPatnaBihar 800005India

Groundwater recharge processes in an urban area are different than in non-urban areas. There are various new components that must be considered in the case of urban groundwater recharge in addition to the natural recharge from precipitation. These various components are estimated in this study based on the water balance equation for the Hyderabad city of India. Initially, urban recharge components including leakages from water supply network and sewage networks were calculated. To estimate the natural recharge from precipitation, actual evapotranspiration and surface runoff were estimated using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Results indicated that the urban recharge component of groundwater was more than ten times greater than the natural recharge. The net urban recharge component of groundwater was estimated to be approximately 568 mm yr-1 and the natural recharge component was observed to be 53 mm yr-1. Water inflow and outflow components were also estimated to provide the complete scenario of the total urban water balance of Hyderabad. This analysis has provided the information regarding the extent and intensity of percolation of urban contaminants into the aquifer.

关键词： Groundwater recharge Urban water balance SCS Curve Number (CN) Urban recharge from leakage Hyderabad

Convective Effects on MHD Flow and Heat Transfer between Vertical Plates Moving in Opposite Direction and Partially Filled with a Porous Medium

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2016年第2期4卷 341-358页

作者： V. G. Gupta Ajay Jain Abhay kumar jha Department of Mathematics University of Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Mathematics Regional College for Education Research and Technology Jaipur India Department of Mathematics JECRC University Jaipur India

The present paper, a theoretical analysis of steady fully developed flow and heat transfer of two immiscible magneto hydrodynamic and viscous fluid, partially filled with porous matrix and partially with clear fluid bounded by two vertical plates, has been discussed, when both the plates are moving in opposite directions. The plates are maintained at unequal temperatures. The Brink-man-extended Darcy model has described the momentum transfer in a porous medium. The effect of various parameters and Darcy number are discussed in the flow field and the temperature profiles numerically and are expressed by graphs. The non-dimensional governing momentum and energy equations are analytically solved by applying the homotopy perturbation technique and the method of ordinary differential equation. It is observed that magnetic parameter (M) has a retarding effect on the main flow velocity and is to enhance the temperature distribution, whereas the reversal phenomenon occurs for the Darcy dissipation parameter (Da). The skin-friction component has also been determined and is presented with the help of a table. The magnetic parameter (M) reduces the skin friction coefficient for clear fluid region and is to increase the skin friction coefficient for porous region. It is also evident from table that getting bigger the width of the clear fluid layer increases the skin friction. The skin friction coefficient on both the plates (comparing at y = 0 and at y = 1 for A or B) increases when those are heated.

关键词： Free Convection MHD Flow Porosity Skin Friction

Elevational distribution of butterflies in the Himalayas: a case study from Langtang National Park, Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第7期14卷 1384-1390页

作者： Ranjit PANDEY Kapil K KHADKA Anuj GHIMIRE Puja jha Umesh PATHAK Oklahoma State University Department of Integrative Biology University of Arkansas Department of Biological Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology Oklahoma State University Tribhuvan University Central Department of Environmental Sciences

Mountain ecosystems are relatively more vulnerable to climate change since human induced climate change is projected to be higher at high altitudes and latitudes. Climate change induced effects related to glacial response and water hazards have been documented in the Himalayas in recent years, yet studies regarding species' response to climate change are largely lacking from the mountains and Himalayas of Nepal. Changes in distribution and latitudinal/altitudinal range shift, which are primary adaptive responses to climate change in many species,are largely unknown due to unavailability of adequate data from the past. In this study, we explored the elevational distribution of butterflies in Langtang Village Development Committee(VDC) of Langtang National park; a park located in the high altitudes of Nepal. We found a decreasing species richness pattern along the elevational gradient considered ***, elevation did not appear to have a significant effect on the altitudinal distribution ofbutterflies at family level. Also, distribution of butterflies in the area was independent of habitat type,at family level. Besides, we employed indicator group analysis(at family level) and noticed that butterfly families Papilionidae, Riodinidae, and Nymphalidae are significantly associated to high, medium and low elevational zone making them indicator butterfly family for those elevational zones, respectively. We expect that this study could serve as a baseline information for future studies regarding climate change effects and range shifts and provide avenues for further exploration of butterflies in the high altitudes of Nepal.

关键词： Butterflies Indicator species Nepal Range shift Climate change Himalayas

Effect of extrusion on properties of Al-based composite

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2010年第12期20卷 2229-2233页

作者： R.DASGUPTA S.DAS S.CHATURVEDI A.K.jha Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute CSIR Bhopal 462064Madhya PradeshIndia

An aluminium alloy and its composite with dispersed SiC particles made by liquid metallurgy route were extruded under optimized *** properties were characterized in terms of microstructure,hardness and sliding wear behaviour and then compared between the extruded and cast alloys and composites,in order to understand the benefits of composite and extrusion on the *** was observed that composites drastically increased the hardness and the extruded composites further increased this *** advantage of composites was realized in sliding wear tests.

关键词： extrusion Al-alloy composites microstructure wear

Detecting Pipeline Anomalies and Variations in Acoustic Velocity in Multiphase Flow Regimes Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynamics 2020年第3期10卷 184-197页

作者： Amod kumar Claudio Olmi Oluwatosin Ogundare Pranab jha David Bennett Halliburton Energy Services Inc. Houston TX USA

The use of hydrodynamic pressure wave generated from the action of a fast acting valve as well as acoustic reflectometry in the detection of anomalies like leaks, deposits and blockages in a pipe or fluid flow system in the context of the prevailing scientific theories in fluid flow is discussed. The focus of this paper is the application of the theories to more complex scenarios involving multi-phase fluid flow, specifically, two-phase and two-component fluid flow. The principal concern is the determination of acoustic velocity in a two-phase flow regime;which is problematic because it varies with mixture composition along multiphase flowlines. A technique for simulating flow regimes in the laboratory using stacked S-shaped pipes is presented as well as a discussion of the results from a computational fluid dynamics model.

关键词： Multiphase Flow Acoustic Reflectometry Pipeline Anomaly Acoustic Velocity

Effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides on production performance and gut health variables of broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 166-180页

作者： Amit K.Singh Birendra Mishra Michael R.Bedford Rajesh jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA AB Vista Feed Ingredients MarlboroughWiltshireUK

Background:This study evaluated the effects of supplemental xylanase and xylooligosaccharides(XOS)in a cornsoybean meal(SBM)-based diet on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers.A total of 288 day-old chicks(Cobb 500)were allocated to 36 floor pens(8 birds/pen)equally in 9 dietary treatments in a 3×3 factorial *** treatments were combinations of 3 levels of xylanase(0,0.005% and 0.01% Econase XT)and 3 levels of prebiotics(0,0.005% and 0.01% XOS)added to basal mash diets formulated in three phases(starter,d 0-14;grower,d 15-28;finisher,d 29-42).The feed intake and body weights were recorded *** d 42,ileal sections were collected for histomorphometric and gene expression analysis,and cecal content was collected for determining short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)and ***:Xylanase linearly(P0.05).Supplemental xylanase and XOS did not affect average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio(P>0.05).Xylanase and XOS did not change villus height(VH)or crypt depth(CD)ratio(P>0.05).However,xylanase exhibited a trend(P=0.097)on VH:CD *** inclusion of 0.01%XOS without xylanase increased the level of IL-10(a marker of anti-inflammatory cytokine)and IL-4(a T-cell differentiation cytokine)genes compared with control(P0.05).However,the mean proportion of family Ruminococcaceae was increased by the supplemental 0.01% xylanase(P<0.01).Conclusion:It can be concluded that XOS can enhance cecal fermentation,while xylanase can increase the body weight gain along with the ferment

关键词： Gene expression Histomorphology Microbiota Poultry Prebiotics Short-chain fatty acid Xylooligosaccharide

Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance,intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 344-361页

作者： Wenchao Liu Huimei Liu Yaoyao Wang Zhongxiang Zhao Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Rajesh jha Department of Animal Science College of Coastal Agricultural SciencesGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiangGuangdong 524088People’s Republic of China Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life ScienceSejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Global warming leading to heat stress(HS)is becoming a major challenge for broiler *** study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed(Enteromorpha prolifera)polysaccharides(EPS)on the intestinal barrier function,microbial ecology,and performance of broilers under HS.A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers(male,56 days old)with 682.59±7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups:1)TN(thermal neutral zone,23.6±1.8℃),2)HS(heat stress,33.2±1.5℃ for 10 h/d),and 3)HSE(HS+0.1%EPS).Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per *** study was conducted for 4 weeks;feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and *** the end of the feeding trial,small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology,antioxidant,secretory immunoglobulin A(s Ig A)content,apoptosis,gene and protein expression analysis;cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S r DNA *** Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain(ADG)of broilers during 3–4 weeks of HS(P<0.05).At the end of HS on broilers,the activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and the content of s Ig A in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation(P<0.05).Besides,dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers(P<0.05).Addition of EPS in HS group broilers'diet upregulated the relative m RNA expression of Occludin,ZO-1,γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum(P<0.05),whereas downregulated the relative m RNA expression of NF-κB p65,TNF-αand IL-1βof the jejunum(P<0.05).Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1,whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK(P<0.01)and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α(P=0.094)in heat-stressed ***,the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine ex

关键词： Broilers Cecal microbiota Heat stress Intestinal barrier function Seaweed polysaccharides