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SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CROP-LIVESTOCK FARMS IN AFRICA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第1期8卷 175-181页

作者： Mariana C.RUFINO Charles K.K.GACHENE rodrigue.V.C.DIOGO James HAWKINS Alice A.ONYANGO Ousmane M.SANOGO Ibrahim WANYAMA Gabriel YESUF David E.peLSTER Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Department of Land Resource Management and Agricultural Technology University of NairobiNairobiP.O.Box 29053-00625Kenya Faculty of Agricultural Sciences University of ParakouParakouP.O.Box 123Benin International Livestock Research Institute(ILRI) NairobiP.O.Box 30709-00100Kenya Institut d'Economie Rurale SikassoBP 16Mali Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada 2560 Blvd HochelagaQuebec CityG1V 2J3Canada

Crop-livestock farms across Africa are highly variable due to in agroecological and socioeconomic factors,the latter shaping the demand and supply of livestock ***-livestock farms in Africa in the 20-first century are very different from most mixed farms elsewhere in the *** crop-livestock farms are smaller in size,have fewer livestock,lower productivity and less dependency on imported feed than farms in most countries of Europe,the Americas and the intensive agricultural systems of *** paper discusses the role African crop-livestock farms have in the broader socio-agricultural economy,and how these are likely to change adapting to pressures brought on by the intensification of food *** intensification implies increasing land productivity(more food per hectare),often leading to more livestock heads per farm,producing fertilized feeds in croplands and importing feed supplements from the *** discussion includes(1)the links between crop yields,soil fertility and crop-livestock integration,(2)the increasing demand for livestock products and the land resources required to meet to this demand,and(3)the opportunities to integrate broader societal goals into the development of crop-livestock *** is ample room for development of crop-livestock farms in Africa,and keeping integration as part of the development will help prevent many of the mistakes and environmental problems related to the intensification of livestock production observed elsewhere in the *** development can integrate biodiversity,climate change adaptation and mitigation to the current goals of increasing productivity and food *** inclusion of broader goals could help farmers access the level of finance required to implement changes.

关键词： finance integrate goals

Factors Associated with Non-Compliance among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease at the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou and Alibori in Parakou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期13卷 420-434页

作者： Coovi Nonwanou Ignace Tokpanoude Séraphin Ahoui Damien Barikissou Georgia Elvire S. E. Djossou Sayo Djibo Gottfried Agballa Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Ismaël Landry Paraiso Omer Adjibode Benoit S. Agossoukpe rodrigue.S. Kakpo-Zannou Badirou Aguemon Unité de Santé Publique de la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé (FSS) Université d’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Bénin Association des Médecins Communautaires du Bénin (AMCB) Parakou Bénin Service de Néphrologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori (CHUD/B-A) Parakou Bénin Faculté de Médecine (FMP) Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux (IFSIO) Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori (CHUD/B-A) Parakou Bénin

Introduction: Therapeutic compliance in chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a major challenge for the prevention of this condition, which is both a non-communicable disease (NCD) and a complication of other NCDs. Non-adherence to treatment (NOT) is a factor in the poor prognosis of CKD in developing countries, particularly in Benin. The aim of this study was to evaluate therapeutic compliance (TC) and determine the factors associated with non-compliance in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing treatment at the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou and Alibori in Parakou (CHUD/B-A). Patients and Methods: This study was carried out in the Nephrology Department of CHUD/B-A. It was a cross-sectional, descriptive study with analytical aims that ran from December 25, 2022 to March 15, 2023 and covered data from 2017 to 2022. It involved 345 patient records meeting the diagnosis of CKD according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria. NOT was defined by a Girerd score evaluation greater than or equal to 3. Data processing and analysis were performed with R software version 4.3.0. Results: The mean age (SD) of patients was 50 years (±14.9). The prevalence of NOT was 57.1%. Potential predictors of non-adherence were: monthly revenue (p = 0.009), mode of admission (p = 0.001), phytotherapy (p = 0.040), traditional treatment (p = 0.049) and quantity of drugs (p = 0.042). Conclusion: Therapeutic compliance among chronic kidney patients still needs to be improved through awareness-raising sessions.

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Therapeutic Non-Adherence Girerd Assessment Chronic Renal Failure Benin

Full Image Inference Conditionally upon Available Pieces Transmitted into Limited Resources Context

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2021年第3期12卷 57-69页

作者： rodrigue.Saoungoumi-Sourpele Jean Michel Nlong David Jaurès Fotsa-Mbogne Jean-Robert Kala Kamdjoug Laurent Bitjoka Department of Mathematics and Computer Science ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon GRIAGES Catholic University of Central Africa Yaounde Cameroon Energy Image Signal and Automation Laboratory (LESIA) ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Yaounde Cameroon

In a context marked by the proliferation of smartphones and multimedia applications, the processing and transmission of images have become a real problem. Image compression is the first approach to address this problem, it nevertheless suffers from its inability to adapt to the dynamics of limited environments, consisting mainly of mobile equipment and wireless networks. In this work, we propose a stochastic model to gradually estimate an image upon information on its pixels that are transmitted progressively. We consider this transmission as a dynamical process, where the sender pushes the data in decreasing significance order. In order to adapt to network conditions and performances, instead of truncating the pixels, we suggest a new method called Fast Reconstruction Method by Kalman Filtering (FRM-KF) consisting of<

关键词： Progressive Image Transmission Bitplane Coding Kalman Filtering Fast Reconstruction

Acute Intussusception of the Adult in Burkina Faso, a Tropical Area: Our Experience about 30 Cases

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Surgical Science 2018年第6期9卷 189-196页

作者： Zida Maurice Ouangré Edgar Ouedraogo Souleymane Doamba rodrigue.Kafando Roch Justin Zan Abdoulaye Traoré Si Simon Department of Visceral Surgery Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of General Surgery Teaching Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Objective: To describe the etiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adults’ intussusception at Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou (CHU-YO), Burkina Faso. Patients and method: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2011 and April 2016 at CHU-YO. All patients with 16 years of age and older operated on for intussusception were included. Results: Thirty patients were identified, 15 men and as many women. Their average age was 37.3 years. A higher frequency was noted between 30 and 39 years. The installation of the symptomatology was insidious in 22 cases and brutal in 8 cases. The reasons for consultation were abdominal pain (30 cases), vomiting (19 cases), intestinal transit stop (18 cases) and rectorrhagia (9 cases). Physical examination noted an abdominal mass in 11 cases and a localized abdominal tenderness in 7 cases. An intussusception coil was identified on ultrasound in 9 cases. All patients underwent surgery under general anesthesia and the approach was laparotomy. Intraoperatively, the intussusception was ileocolic in 15 cases;a right hemi-colectomy was performed. It was colo-colic intussusception in 10 cases and the treatment thus consisted of a left hemi-colectomy. In other 5 cases, intussusception was ileal, requiring ileal resection. The average hospital stay was 11.7 days. Pathologically, the examination was normal in 2 cases. A colic tumor was found in 14 cases and an ileum tumor in 6 cases. In the other 8 cases, it was an inflammatory aspect of the intestine. Conclusion: In tropical Burkina Faso, adult intussusception often occurs on an intestinal tumor. The symptomatology is atypical.

关键词： Acute Intestinal Intussusception Adult Intestinal Tumor Burkina Faso

Management of a Total Coalescence of the Labia Majora in an 11-Year-Old Girl Following a Female Genital Mutilation: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第9期11卷 1133-1139页

作者： Ouedraogo Issa Sib Sansan rodrigue.Sanogo Moussa Dembele Adama Tiemtoré Sibraogo Sawadogo Yobi Alexis Thieba/Bonané Blandine Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Souro Sanon University Hospital Center Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is still a topical practice in several African regions or countries. They constitute a violation of human rights, in particular because of their harmful consequences for the health of the people who suffer them and are the source of various complications. We report a case of FGM complications in the form of total coalescence of the labia majora with a small hole from which urine flows permanently. The management was a disinfubilation with suturing of the edges and urethral reimplantation and the evolution was favorable with complete healing after two (2) weeks.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation 11-Year-Old Girl Disinfubilation

Phenotypic Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Strains in a Referral Teaching Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023年第1期13卷 52-67页

作者： Cecile Ingrid Djuikoue Paule Dana Djouela Djoulako rodrigue.Kamga Wouambo Charlène Nkouankou Tomi Christiane Possi Kiyang Murielle Chantale Tchitchoua Vynnie Manuella Nyatchoutou Blondelle Kitio Messeu Herman Koyouo Tagne Cedric Dylan Seugnou Nana Nadjia Benhamed Hortense Gonsu Kamga Benjamin D. Thumamo Pokam Faculty of Health Sciences Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine Sorbonne Université Paris France Division of Hepatology Department of Medecine II Leipzig University Medical Center Leipzig Germany University of Sciences and Technology Oran Algeria Bacteriology Unit University Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (Cpe) are an important and increasing threat to global health. They are nowadays more encountered routinely in hospitals and cause high morbidity and mortality due to limited therapeutic alternatives. This study sought to determine the prevalence of Cpe in Yaoundé teaching hospital, Cameroon, and the associated risk factors. Materials and Method: To achieve this goal, a descriptive cross-sectional study coupled to an analytical component with consecutive collection of Enterobacteria strains was carried out during a three-month period (from 27th July to 24th October 2018) in the University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé, Cameroon. The oxidase and biochemical identification tests using a miniaturized Api 20 E system were performed on colonies grown on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) medium and subcultured on nutrient agar. Drug susceptibility testing was carried out according to the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM 2018.V.2.0). The detection of carbapenemase production was performed by the CA-SFM 2018 algorithm for the screening of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and its classification by inhibitory synergy tests. Results: Out of the 104 isolates, Escherichia coli (50%) was the most prevalent species, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (37.5%) and Citrobacter frendii (12.5%). Drugs susceptibility patterns showed a high resistance to penicillins group (97.4% to amoxicillin), cephalosporins (68.4% to cefotaxim, 58.1% to cefixim, 60.7% to ceftazidim, 57.1% of cefoxitin) and aztreonam (55.7%). However, 11.9% carbapenems related resistance was noticed: 14.4% to imipenem, 13.8% to ertapenem and 7.5% to meropenem. Numerous co-resistance to quinolones (65.8%), fluoroquinolones (49.6%), aminoglycosides (49.6%) and cotrimoxazole (71.8%) were also observed. From 104 isolates, AmpC production represented 23.08% (25/104) and 36.54% (38/104) were ESBL-isolates. The ove

关键词： Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotics Carbapenemase Resistance

Factors Associated with Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV at the Maternity Unit of the Castors Urban Health Center in Bangui

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第5期13卷 950-959页

作者： Thibaut Boris Clavaire Songo-Kette Gbekere Gilles Davy Kossa-Ko-Ouakoua Gertrude Rose De Lima Kogboma Wongo Guerengbo rodrigue.Herman Doyama-Woza Siméon Matoulou-M’bala Wa-Ngogbe Alida Koirokpi Sabrina Ouapou Kelly Mbano-Dede Matike-Ayamboka Josué Eezchiel Sandjima Norbert Richard Ngbale The Maternity Unit of the Centre de Santé Urbain des Castors Bangui Central African Republic Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire Bangui Central African Republic Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Maman Elisabeth Domitien Bimbo Central African Republic

Introduction: In spite of significant progress towards eliminating mother-to-child transmission (MCT) of HIV by 2025, trends in vertical mother-to-child transmission are still worrying in sub-Saharan African countries. This study aims to take stock of the factors associated with HIV MCT at the level of peripheral health training. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical retrospective study, over a five-year period from January 1st, 2017 to December 31st, 2021. The study population was represented by HIV-positive women and their cared infants in the Parent-Child Transmission Prevention Unit (PCTP) of the Castors Urban Health Center (CUHC). Results: 288 medical records were selected out of a total of 347 HIV-positive mothers followed. HIV seroprevalence in the population of women who received PreNatal Consultation (PNC) during the study period was 8.2%. The HIV MCT rate was 3.7%. HIV+ mothers followed were mostly young (average age of 28), not living in a couple (96.9%), poorly educated (58.7%) and not engaged in income-generating activity (58.4%). They had all received triple therapy and the period of initiation of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy was in the majority of cases during the first trimester. Factors associated with MCT were: primiparity (OR = 18.4 [5.55 - 61.05];Khi2 = 32.61;p 2 = 55.22;p 2 = 108.73;p 3 (OR = 14.12 [4.03 - 57.20];Khi2 = 21.68;p 1000 copies/mm3 (OR = 8.85 [2.33 - 43.20];Khi2 = 10.46;p = 0.001), prolonged labor (OR = 12.33 [3.45 - 57.25];Khi2 = 18.47;p 2 = 40.60;p 2 = 5.96;p = 0.014), and artificial or mixed breast

关键词： Factors Transmission Mother-Child HIV Bangui

Factors Influencing the Shallow Groundwater Quality in Four Districts with Different Characteristics in Urban Area (Douala, Cameroon)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第8期5卷 99-120页

作者： Beatrice Ketchemen-Tandia Suzanne Ngo Boum-Nkot Seth rodrigue.Ebondji Bertil Yvon Nlend Huguete Emvoutou Olivia Nzegue Department of Geosciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon

This study examines groundwater samples from four areas under different conditions. Variations amongst the areas are due to the distinct topography, demographics, and socio-economic activities. A qualification of the groundwater using the following parameters;pH, electric conductivity and nitrate analysis yielded results depicting the deplorable state of the unconfined aquifer;which is even worst in the densely populated and low-lying areas. These unfavorable conditions are present in the older districts (Bependa and Ndogbong) compared to the younger and least populated (urbanized) districts (Ndogpassi and Logpom). The poor quality of groundwater could be due to contamination by sewage from latrines and surface discharges. Nevertheless, nitrate contents (>241 mg/l) in these districts indicate that pollution has not reached the alarming levels observed in other West African cities (nitrates > 400 mg/l). Relatively low concentrations of nitrate in groundwater of the studied areas could be due to volatilization phenomena common in the unconfined aquifers in Douala. We however remarked that most of the studied wells are not used as drinking water, because they present particular health risks to humans.

关键词： Shallow Groundwater Quality Districts Urban Chemistry

Experimental Study of the Water Absorption Kinetics of the Coconut Shells (Nucifera) of Cameroun

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2016年第3期7卷 159-170页

作者： Dieunedort Ndapeu Ebénezer Njeugna Nicodème rodrigue.Sikame Sophie Brogly Bistac Jean Yves Drean Médard Fogue IUT FV de Bandjoun University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon ENSET University of Douala Douala Cameroon Chemestry School University of Haute Alsace Mulhouse France ENSISA University of Haute Alsace Mulhouse France

The study is focused on the phenomenon of diffusion of water through the shells of two coconut species (coconut nucifera) of Cameroun. The kinetics absorption of water was studied experimentally by the gravimetric method with discontinuous control of the mass of the samples at the temperature of 23℃. The mature coconut shells were cleaned mechanically, cut in a spherical shape and placed in a drying oven with 105℃ for 4 hours before being plunged in distilled water at 23℃. This study made it possible not only to determine the rate of water absorbed, but also to model the water kinetic absorption of the shells. Of the two models tested (peleg and Page), the Page model predicted very well the experimental data. The Fick law made it possible to evaluate the effective diffusivity coefficients at the initial and final phases of absorption. The effective diffusivity coefficient was given from the Arrhenius equation.

关键词： Coconut Shells (CSs) Drying Absorption Coefficient of Effective Diffusivity Activation Energy