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Addition of heparin binding sites strongly increases the bone forming capabilities of BMP9 in vivo

Bioactive Materials 2023年第11期29卷 241-250页

作者： Claudia Siverino Shorouk Fahmy-Garcia viktoria niklaus Nicole Kops Laura Dolcini Massimiliano Maraglino Misciagna Yanto Ridwan Eric Farrell Gerjo JVMvan Osch Joachim Nickel Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine University Hospital WuerzburgWuerzburgGermany Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Erasmus MCUniversity Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus MCUniversity Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Erasmus MCUniversity Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Fin-Ceramica Faenza SpA Via Granarolo 177/348018FaenzaItaly AMIE Core Facility Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryErasmus MCUniversity Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands Department of Biomechanical Engineering Faculty of MechanicalMaritime and Materials EngineeringDelft University of TechnologyDelftthe Netherlands Fraunhofer ISC Translational Center RTWuerzburgGermany

Bone Morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)like BMP2 and BMP7 have shown great potential in the treatment of severe bone *** recent in vitro studies,BMP9 revealed the highest osteogenic potential compared to other BMPs,possibly due to its unique signaling pathways that differs from other osteogenic ***,in vivo the bone forming capacity of BMP9-adsorbed scaffolds is not superior to BMP2 or *** silico analysis of the BMP9 protein sequence revealed that BMP9,in contrast to other osteogenic BMPs such as BMP2,completely lacks so-called heparin binding motifs that enable extracellular matrix(ECM)interactions which in general might be essential for the BMPs’osteogenic ***,we genetically engineered a new BMP9 variant by adding BMP2-derived heparin binding motifs to the N-terminal segment of BMP9′s mature *** resulting protein(BMP9 HB)showed higher heparin binding affinity than BMP2,similar osteogenic activity in vitro and comparable binding affinities to BMPR-II and ALK1 compared to ***,remarkable differences were observed when BMP9 HB was adsorbed to collagen scaffolds and implanted subcutaneously in the dorsum of rats,showing a consistent and significant increase in bone volume and density compared to BMP2 and *** at 10-fold lower BMP9 HB doses bone tissue formation was *** innovative approach of significantly enhancing the osteogenic properties of BMP9 simply by addition of ECM binding motifs,could constitute a valuable replacement to the commonly used *** possibility to use lower protein doses demonstrates BMP9 HB’s high translational potential.

关键词： Bone morphogenetic protein 9(BMP9) Heparin binding sites Bone regeneration Subcutaneous animal model

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Design and fabrication of crack-junctions

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 71-79页

作者： Valentin Dubois Frank niklaus Göran Stemme KTH Royal Institute of Technology Micro and NanosystemOsquldas väg 10Stockholm 10044Sweden

Nanogap electrodes consist of pairs of electrically conducting tips that exhibit nanoscale *** are building blocks for a variety of applications in quantum electronics,nanophotonics,plasmonics,nanopore sequencing,molecular electronics,and molecular ***-junctions(CJs)constitute a new class of nanogap electrodes that are formed by controlled fracture of suspended bridge structures fabricated in an electrically conducting thin film under residual tensile *** advantages of the CJ methodology over alternative technologies are that CJs can be fabricated with wafer-scale processes,and that the width of each individual nanogap can be precisely controlled in a range from o2 to 4100 *** the realization of CJs has been demonstrated in initial experiments,the impact of the different design parameters on the resulting CJs has not yet been *** we investigate the influence of design parameters such as the dimensions and shape of the notches,the length of the electrode-bridge and the design of the anchors,on the formation and propagation of cracks and on the resulting features of the *** verify that the design criteria yields accurate prediction of crack formation in electrode-bridges featuring a beam width of 280 nm and beam lengths ranging from 1 to 1.8μ*** further present design as well as experimental guidelines for the fabrication of CJs and propose an approach to initiate crack formation after release etching of the suspended electrode-bridge,thereby enabling the realization of CJs with pristine electrode surfaces.

关键词： arrays crack-junctions lithography nanofabrication nanogap electrodes notches optimization tunneling junctions

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Tree diversity increases levels of herbivore damage in a subtropical forest canopy:evidence for dietary mixing by arthropods?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 13-27页

作者： Matteo Brezzi Bernhard Schmid Pascal A.niklaus Andreas Schuldt Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZürichWinterthurerstr.190CH-8057 ZürichSwitzerland Institute of Ecology Animal Ecology GroupLeuphana University LueneburgScharnhorststr.1D-21335 LünebourgGermany

Aims Plant diversity has been linked to both increasing and decreasing levels of arthropod herbivore damage in different plant *** far,these links have mainly been studied in grasslands or in artificial tree plantations with low species ***,most studies provide results from newly established experimental plant communities where trophic links are not fully established or from stands of tree saplings that have not yet developed a ***,we test how tree diversity in a species-rich subtropical forest in China with fully developed tree canopy affects levels of herbivore damage caused by different arthropod feeding *** We established 27 plots of 30×30 m *** plots were selected randomly but with the constraint that they had to span a large range of tree diversity as required for comparative studies in contrast to sample *** recorded herbivore damage caused by arthropod feeding guilds(leaf chewers,leaf skeletonizers and sap feeders)on canopy leaves of all major tree *** Findings Levels of herbivore damage increased with tree species richness and tree phylogenetic *** effects were most pronounced for damage caused by leaf *** the two diversity measures were highly correlated,we additionally found a significant interaction between them,whereby species richness increased herbivory mostly at low levels of phylogenetic *** species with the lowest proportion of canopy leaf biomass in a plot tended to suffer the highest levels of herbivore damage,which is in contrast to expectations based on the resource concentration *** results are in agreement with expectations of the dietary mixing hypothesis where generalist herbivores with a broad spectrum of food plants benefit from increased resource diversity in tree species-rich forest patches.

关键词： arthropod herbivore damage feeding guilds forest canopy generalist herbivores leaf biomass resource dilution specialist herbivores tree species richness tree phylogenetic diversity

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Leaf area increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 128-135页

作者： Siyi Peng Bernhard Schmid Josephine Haase Pascal A.niklaus Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZürichSwitzerland

Aims Most biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research has been carried out in grassland ecosystems,and little is known about whether forest ecosystems,in particular outside the temperate zone,respond ***,we tested whether productivity,assessed as leaf area index(LAI),increases with species richness in young experimental stands of subtropical trees,whether this response is similar for early-season leaf area(which is dominated by evergreens)and seasonal leaf area increase(which is dominated by deciduous species),and whether responses saturate at high species *** We used a planted tree biodiversity experiment in south-east China to test our *** was determined three times by digital hemispheric photography in 144 plots that had been planted with 400 trees each,forming communities with 1,2,4,8 or 16 tree *** Findings LAI increased significantly with tree species richness in the fifth year of stand ***,but weaker,statistically non-significant trends were observed 1 year *** did not observe leaf area overyielding and the presence of particularly productive and unproductive species explained large amounts of variation in leaf area,suggesting that selection-type effects contributed substantially to the biodiversity effects we found in this early phase of stand *** sizes were moderate to large and comparable in magnitude to the ones reported for grassland ***(and tropical)forests harbor substantial parts of global net primary production and are critical for the Earth’s carbon and hydrological cycle,and our results suggest that tree diversity critically supports these ecosystem services.

关键词： BEF-China digital hemispheric photography field biodiversity experiment overyielding subtropical forest

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Vertical integration of microchips by magnetic assembly and edge wire bonding

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1233-1246页

作者： Federico Ribet Xiaojing Wang Miku Laakso Simone Pagliano Frank niklaus Niclas Roxhed Goran Stemme Division of Micro and Nanosystems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyMalvinas vag 1010044 StockholmSweden

The out-of-plane integration of microfabricated planar microchips into functional three-dimensional(3D)devices is a challenge in various emerging MEMS applications such as advanced biosensors and flow ***,no conventional approach currently provides a versatile solution to vertically assemble sensitive or fragile microchips into a separate receiving substrate and to create electrical *** this study,we present a method to realize vertical magnetic-field-assisted assembly of discrete silicon microchips into a target receiving substrate and subsequent electrical contacting of the microchips by edge wire bonding,to create interconnections between the receiving substrate and the vertically oriented *** assembly is achieved by combining carefully designed microchip geometries for shape matching and striped patterns of the ferromagnetic material(nickel)on the backside of the microchips,enabling controlled vertical lifting directionality independently of the microchip’s aspect *** form electrical connections between the receiving substrate and a vertically assembled microchip,featuring standard metallic contact electrodes only on its frontside,an edge wire bonding process was developed to realize ball bonds on the top sidewall of the vertically placed *** top sidewall features silicon trenches in correspondence to the frontside electrodes,which induce deformation of the free air balls and result in both mechanical ball bond fixation and around-the-edge metallic *** edge wire bonds are realized at room temperature and show minimal contact resistance(168 mN in pull tests).In our approach,the microchips and the receiving substrate are independently manufactured using standard silicon micromachining processes and materials,with a subsequent heterogeneous integration of the ***,this integration technology potentially enables emerging MEMS applications that requ

关键词： bonding Vertical magnetic

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Towards Domain-agnostic Depth Completion

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第4期21卷 652-669页

作者： Guangkai Xu Wei Yin Jianming Zhang Oliver Wang Simon niklaus Simon Chen Jia-Wang Bian Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058China DaJiang Technology Shenzhen 518057China Adobe Research California 95110USA University of Oxford Oxford OX12JDUK

Existing depth completion methods are often targeted at a specific sparse depth type and generalize poorly across task *** present a method to complete sparse/semi-dense,noisy,and potentially low-resolution depth maps obtained by various range sensors,including those in modern mobile phones,or by multi-view reconstruction *** method leverages a data-driven prior in the form of a single image depth prediction network trained on large-scale datasets,the output of which is used as an input to our *** propose an effective training scheme where we simulate various sparsity patterns in typical task *** addition,we design two new benchmarks to evaluate the generalizability and robustness of depth completion *** simple method shows superior cross-domain generalization ability against state-of-the-art depth completion methods,introducing a practical solution to highqualitydepthcapture onamobile device.

关键词： Monocular depth estimation depth completion zero-shot generalization scene reconstruction neural network.

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Positive effects of tree species diversity on litterfall quantity and quality along a secondary successional chronosequence in a subtropical forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 28-35页

作者： Yuanyuan Huang Yinlei Ma Ke Zhao Pascal A.niklaus Bernhard Schmid Jin-Sheng He Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University5 Yiheyuan RoadBeijing 100871China Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZürichSwitzerland

Aims Litterfall,as an important link between aboveground and belowground processes,plays a key role in forest ***,we test for effects of tree species richness on litter production and litter quality in subtropical *** study further encompasses a factorial gradient of secondary succession that resulted from human *** that a large percentage of subtropical forests are in secondary successional stages,understanding the role of biodiversity on forest re-growth after disturbance appears *** From January 2009 to December 2014,we monitored forest litterfall in 27 Comparative Study Plots that spanned a gradient of tree species richness(3-20 species)and secondary successional ages(~20 to 120 years)in Gutianshan Natural Nature Reserve,Zhejiang Province,*** experiment is part of the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research platform‘BEF-China’.Tree litterfall was collected in monthly intervals using litter *** were separated into leaf and non-leaf *** litter was further sorted into dominant and other *** level monthly leaf litter C and N contents were analysed through a full *** linear mixed-effects models were applied to test for effects of tree species richness and successional age on litter quantity and leaf litter C/*** Findings Litterfall increased with species richness among and within successional age and this effect was consistent across *** older stands had higher litterfall and this effect was related to increased tree species ***,species richness did not change the intra-and inter-annual temporal stability of *** tree species richness increased leaf litter quality(decreased C/N),while successional age had no *** study indicates that more diverse forest stands produce more leaf litter and that this litter has higher N concentrations,which could promote forest growth through accelerated nutrient re-cycling.

关键词： species richness BEF-China litterfall leaf litter C/N subtropical forest secondary succession structural equation models

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A large-area single-filament infrared emitter and its application in a spectroscopic ethanol gas sensing system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 19-29页

作者： Stephan Schrder Floria Ottonello Briano Henrik FfodjegSrd Maksym Bryzgalov Jonas Orelund Kristinn B.Gylfason Goran Stemme Frank niklaus KTH Royal Institute of Technology Micro and NanosystemsMalvinas vag 10StockholmSweden SenseAir AB Stationsgatan 12DelsboSweden

Nondispersive infrared(NDIR)spectroscopy is an important technology for highly accurate and maintenance-free sensing of gases,such as ethanol and carbon ***,NDIR spectroscopy systems are currently too expensive,e.g.,for consumer and automotive applications,as the infrared(IR)emitter is a critical but costly component of these ***,we report on a low-cost large-area IR emitter featuring a broadband emission spectrum suitable for small NDIR gas spectroscopy *** infrared emitter utilizes Joule heating of a Kanthal(FeCrAI)filament that is integrated in the base substrate using an automated high-speed wire bonding process,enabling simple and rapid formation of a long meander-shaped *** describe the critical infrared emitter characteristics,including the effective infrared emission spectrum,thermal frequency response,and power ***,we integrate the emitter into a handheld breath alcohol analyzer and show its operation in both laboratory and real-world settings,thereby demonstrating the potential of the emitter for future low-cost optical gas sensor applications.

关键词： emitter utilize thereby

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Micro 3D printing of a functional MEMS accelerometer

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第5期8卷 69-79页

作者： Simone Pagliano David E.Marschner Damien Maillard Nils Ehrmann Göran Stemme Stefan Braun Luis Guillermo Villanueva Frank niklaus KTH Royal Institute of Technology Division of Micro and NanosystemsMalvinas väg 10StockholmSweden École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) Advanced NEMS LaboratoryInstitute of Mechanical Engineering1015 LausanneSwitzerland Hochschule Kaiserslautern University of Applied SciencesInformatik und MikrosystemtechnikCampus ZweibrückenGermany

Microelectromechanical system(MEMS)devices,such as accelerometers,are widely used across industries,including the automotive,consumer electronics,and medical *** are efficiently produced at very high volumes using large-scale semiconductor manufacturing ***,these techniques are not viable for the costefficient manufacturing of specialized MEMS devices at low-and medium-scale ***,applications that require custom-designed MEMS devices for markets with low-and medium-scale volumes of below 5000–10,000 components per year are extremely difficult to address *** 3D printing of MEMS devices could enable the efficient realization and production of MEMS devices at these low-and medium-scale ***,current micro-3D printing technologies have limited capabilities for printing functional ***,we demonstrate a functional 3D-printed MEMS accelerometer using 3D printing by two-photon polymerization in combination with the deposition of a strain gauge transducer by metal *** characterized the responsivity,resonance frequency,and stability over time of the MEMS *** results demonstrate that the 3D printing of functional MEMS is a viable approach that could enable the efficient realization of a variety of custom-designed MEMS devices,addressing new application areas that are difficult or impossible to address using conventional MEMS manufacturing.

关键词： printing accelerometer functional

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Effect of clear-cutting silviculture on soil respiration in a subtropical forest of China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第5期6卷 335-348页

作者： Yinlei Ma Yan Geng Yuanyuan Huang Yue Shi Pascal A.niklaus Bernhard Schmid Jin-Sheng He Department of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China

Aims Clear-cutting is a common forest management practice,especially in subtropical ***,the potential ecological consequences of clear-cutting remain *** particular,the effect of clear-cutting on soil processes,such as the carbon cycle,has not been quantified in subtropical ***,we investigated the response of soil respiration(Rs)to clear-cutting during a 12-month period in a subtropical forest in eastern *** We randomly selected four clear-cut(CC)plots and four corresponding undisturbed forest(UF)*** of Rs were made at monthly time points and were combined with continuous climatic measurements in both CC and *** Rs was estimated by interpolating data with an exponential model dependent on soil *** Rs was cumulated to annual Rs *** Findings In the first year after clear-cutting,annual estimates of Rs in CC(508±23g C m^(−2) yr^(−1))showed no significant difference to UF plots(480±12g C m^(−2) yr^(−1)).During the summer,soil temperatures were usually higher,whereas the soil volumetric water content was lower in CC than in UF *** long-term effects of clear-cutting on Rs are not significant,although there might be effects during the first several months after *** with previous work,this pattern was more pronounced in our subtropical forest than in the temperate and boreal forests that have been studied by *** aboveground residuals off-site after clear-cutting,our results indicate that the stimulation of increasing root debris,as well as environmental changes,will not lead to a significant increase in *** addition,long-term Rs will not show a significant decrease from the termination of root respiration,and this observation might be because of the influence of fast-growing vegetation after clear-cutting in situ.

关键词： clear-cutting subtropical forest soil respiration soil temperature

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