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Stem cells, growth factors and scaffolds in craniofacial regenerative medicine

Genes & Diseases 2016年第1期3卷 56-71页

作者： viktor tollemar Zach J.Collier Maryam K.Mohammed Michael J.Lee Guillermo A.Ameer Russell R.Reid The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Section of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Surgery Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA Biomedical Engineering Department Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

Current reconstructive approaches to large craniofacial skeletal defects are often complicated and ***-sized defects are unable to heal via natural regenerative processes and require surgical intervention,traditionally involving autologous bone(mainly in the form of nonvascularized grafts)or *** bone grafts remain the gold standard of care in spite of the associated risk of donor site *** engineering approaches represent a promising alternative that would serve to facilitate bone regeneration even in large craniofacial skeletal *** strategy has been tested in a myriad of iterations by utilizing a variety of osteoconductive scaffold materials,osteoblastic stem cells,as well as osteoinductive growth factors and small *** of the major challenges facing tissue engineers is creating a scaffold fulfilling the properties necessary for controlled bone *** properties include osteoconduction,osteoinduction,biocompatibility,biodegradability,vascularization,and progenitor cell *** review will provide an overview of how optimization of the aforementioned scaffold parameters facilitates bone regenerative capabilities as well as a discussion of common osteoconductive scaffold materials.

关键词： Bone regeneration Craniofacial defects Osteogenesis Regenerative medicine Scaffolds Tissue engineering

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Multifaceted signaling regulators of chondrogenesis:Implications in cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering

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Genes & Diseases 2015年第4期2卷 307-327页

作者： Jordan D.Green viktor tollemar Mark Dougherty Zhengjian Yan Liangjun Yin Jixing Ye Zachary Collier Maryam K.Mohammed Rex C.Haydon Hue H.Luu Richard Kang Michael J.Lee Sherwin H.Ho Tong-Chuan He Lewis L.Shi Aravind Athiviraham The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine The University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China School of Bioengineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

Defects of articular cartilage present a unique clinical challenge due to its poor self-healing capacity and avascular *** surgical treatment options do not ensure consistent regeneration of hyaline cartilage in favor of fibrous ***,we review the current understanding of the most important biological regulators of chondrogenesis and their interactions,to provide insight into potential applications for cartilage tissue *** include various signaling pathways,including fibroblast growth factors(FGFs),transforming growth factor b(TGF-b)/bone morphogenic proteins(BMPs),Wnt/b-catenin,Hedgehog,Notch,hypoxia,and angiogenic signaling *** and epigenetic regulation of chondrogenesis will also be *** in our understanding of these signaling pathways have led to promising advances in cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering.

关键词： BMPs Cartilage Cell signaling Chondrogenesis FGF Regenerative medicine

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Wnt and BMP signaling crosstalk in regulating dental stem cells:Implications in dental tissue engineering

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第4期3卷 263-276页

作者： Fugui Zhang Jinlin Song Hongmei Zhang Enyi Huang Dongzhe Song viktor tollemar Jing Wang Jinhua Wang Maryam Mohammed Qiang Wei Jiaming Fan Junyi Liao Yulong Zou Feng Liu Xue Hu Xiangyang Qu Liqun Chen Xinyi Yu Hue H.Luu Michael J.Lee Tong-Chuan He Ping Ji Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences and the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401147China Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics West China School of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and the Affiliated Hospitals of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 400016China

Tooth is a complex hard tissue organ and consists of multiple cell types that are regulated by important signaling pathways such as Wnt and BMP *** injuries and/or loss of tooth or periodontal tissues may significantly impact aesthetic appearance,essential oral functions and the quality of *** dentistry holds great promise in treating oral/dental *** past decade has witnessed a rapid expansion of our understanding of the biological features of dental stem cells,along with the signaling mechanisms governing stem cell self-renewal and *** this review,we first summarize the biological characteristics of seven types of dental stem cells,including dental pulp stem cells,stem cells from apical papilla,stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth,dental follicle precursor cells,periodontal ligament stem cells,alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),and MSCs from *** then focus on how these stem cells are regulated by bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)and/or Wnt signaling by examining the interplays between these ***,we analyze the current status of dental tissue engineering strategies that utilize oral/dental stem cells by harnessing the interplays between BMP and Wnt *** also highlight the challenges that must be addressed before the dental stem cells may reach any clinical ***,we can expect to witness significant progresses to be made in regenerative dentistry in the coming decade.

关键词： BMP signaling Dental stem cells Oral stem cells Regenerative dentistry Signal transduction Tissue engineering Wnt signaling

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Experimental study on influence of blade angle and particle size on particle mechanics on a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth furnace

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 224-240页

作者： Max Kriegeskorte Nikoline Hilse Phil Spatz viktor Scherer Institute for Energy Plant Technology(LEAT) Ruhr University BochumUniversitätsstraβe 15044780 BochumGermany

In industry,multiple hearth furnaces are used for the thermal treatment of particulate *** current contribution concentrates on the experimental analysis of particle mechanics for a batch-operated single floor of a multiple hearth *** particles are agitated on the circular floor by a single,rotating rabble arm equipped with three flat rabble blades of 10 mm *** blade angle,defined as the angle,which the blade is inclined against the tangential direction,is varied from 0°to 90°.A single layer of spherical polyoxymethylene(POM)particles with three different diameters(5,10 and 20 mm)is placed on the *** analyze the results,two parameters have been extracted from image analysis when the bed of particles is agitated,first,the area not covered by particles and second,the frequency distribution of the mean distance among the *** particle free surface area increases with the inclination of the *** evolution of the particle free surface area differs for the different particle *** general,the maximum particle free area for all blade angles is the largest for the 5 mm particles followed by the 20 mm *** the 10 mm particles,the particle free surface area starts for a blade angle of 0°at larger values than for the 20 mm particles but the values fall below the values for the 20 mm particles for larger blade *** reason for this behavior is discussed in *** mean distance among the particles is a parameter characterizing the length scales dominating the effects on the *** frequency distribution of the mean distance among particles provides infor-mation about the morphology of the particle bulk,for example,whether the free surface area is inter-spersed with particles.

关键词： Hearth furnace floor Particle movement Spherical particles Particle free surface area Mean distance among particles

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Cardiovascular mechanisms of thyroid hormones and heart failure:Current knowledge and perspectives

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第5期16卷 226-230页

作者： viktor Culic Department of Cardiology and Angiology University Hospital Centre SplitUniversity of Split School of MedicineSplit 21000Croatia

A multiple hormonal imbalance that accompanies heart failure(HF)may have a significant impact on the clinical course in such *** non-thyroidal illness syndrome(NTIS),also referred to as euthyroid sick syndrome or low triiodothyronine syndrome,can be found in about 30%of patients with *** represents a systemic adaptation to chronic illness that is associated with increased cardiac and overall mortality in patients with *** conclusions on thyroid-stimulating hormone,free triiodothyronine,total and free thyroxine are currently unresolved,serum total triiodothyronine levels and the ratio of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine seem to provide the best correlates to the echocardiographic,laboratory and clinical parameters of disease *** patients with either hyper-or hypothyroidism should be treated according to the appropriate guidelines,but the therapeutic approach to NTIS,with or without HF,is still a matter of *** treatment options include better individual titration of levothyroxine therapy,combined triiodothyronine plus thyroxine therapy and natural measures to increase *** research should further examine the cellular and tissue mechanisms of NTIS as well as new therapeutic avenues in patients with HF.

关键词： Heart failure Non-thyroidal illness syndrome Low triiodothyronine syndrome Therapy Thyroxine Triiodothyronine

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Is Veillonella a unique marker of physical exercise?Commentary on:

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 682-684页

作者： viktor Bielik Ivan Hric Riadh Hammami Department of Biological and Medical Science Faculty of Physical Education and SportComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 81469Slovakia Department of Molecular Biology Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 84215Slovakia Biomedical Research Center Institute of Clinical and Translational ResearchSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislava 84505Slovakia School of Nutrition Sciences Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

In 2020,Kostic1 published commentary on the bacterial genus Veillonella associated with the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and skeletal *** then,novel perspectives on the bidirectional gut-muscle communication axis have gained a lot of *** purpose of this commentary is to explore some of the challenging issues presented in Scheiman et al.

关键词： skeletal gained

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Investigating the inflow into a granular bed using a locally resolved method

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Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 89-101页

作者： Maximilian Brommer Maik Scharnowski Enric Illana Mahiques Siegmar Wirtz viktor Scherer Ruhr University Bochum Institute of Energy Plant TechnologyUniversitätsstraβe 15044780BochumGermany

Discrete Element Method-Computational Fluid Dynamics(DEM/CFD)simulations of industrial-scale granular systems employ spatial averaging(porous media approach)for the fluid-particle interaction in the whole domain,which can lead to poor accuracy,for instance at flow inlets,as local particle bulk morphology is not *** paper presents an approach where the interstitial flow in crucial areas with large gradients can be resolved locally in an otherwise unresolved domain,so that a mixed resolved-unresolved method is *** a generic example to show the feasibility and performance of the new approach,the inflow of ambient air into a flat-bottom hopper through a narrow orifice is *** an experimental setup,the vertical profile of the pressure decay through the inlet and across the packing is chosen for com-parison with respective *** obtained with the conventional porous media method and the locally resolved approach are compared to these experiments for varying volume flow rates and for two different particle *** of different size as well as dodecahedrons are *** is found that although averaging methods already provide good approximations,the locally resolved method can improve the result especially when conventional drag laws are not applicable due to wall effects or if large velocity gradients exist.

关键词： DEM/CFD Packed bed Pressure drop

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Shape-changing particles for locally resolved particle geometry in DEM simulations

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 185-190页

作者： Enric Illana Klidi Qyteti Maik Scharnowski Maximilian Brömmer Siegmar Wirtz viktor Scherer Institute of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-University BochumBochumGermany

Taking into account the complex shape of particles in discrete element method (DEM) simulations of large-scale granular systems is computationally demanding due to the time-consuming contact detection algorithms for polyhedral particles. In this short communication, a novel approach that locally resolves the particle shapes where needed and uses a simplified representation elsewhere, to accelerate simulations without compromising accuracy, is presented. For this purpose, a method employing a smooth transition of the particle shape representation from analytical spheres to shape-resolving polyhedra is introduced in DEM. The feasibility and correct implementation of this approach are demonstrated through simulations of hopper discharge involving spherical and dodecahedral particles from a flat bottom silo or shaft kiln. The model capabilities, in terms of accuracy as well as reduction in computational effort, are quantified for a moving bed with continuous outflow.

关键词： Polyhedron Size change Shape change Locally resolved DEM

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Age and geochemical evolution of granite magmatism in Olkhon region from Caledonian syncollisional ore-free granite to the rare metal granite and pegmatite of Middle Paleozoic intraplate setting

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 63-79页

作者： viktor Antipin Valentina Makrygina Larisa Kushch Nataliya Sheptyakova Vinogradov Institute of Geochemistry SB RAS664033 IrkutskRussia

The detailed description of two granite complexes in the Olkhon subterrane is *** Early Paleozoic Sharanur complex was formed by granitization of gneisses of the Olkhon *** includes migmatites,granite-gneisses,granites and pegmatites of normal alkalinity;they belong to the type of syncollisional *** Middle Paleozoic Aya granite complex includes mother Aya massif of amazonite-bearing granites and several types of rare-metal *** have elevated alkalinity,low of Ba,Sr,and high LILE and HFSE elements *** Aya pegmatites lie in northwest cracks of stretching and associated with the rise of the territory under the influence of the North Asian *** cracks and pegmatites mark the beginning of a new intraplate geodynamic *** geochemical types are distinguished among the pegmatites of this *** are amazonite pegmatites of Li-F type with Ta mineralization and complex type pegmatite with Be-Rb-Nb-Ta and Li-F mineralization(the Ilixin vein).The Tashkiney pegmatite vein is similar to Ilixin,but lies in the gneisses of the Olkhon *** shows high concentrations of Be,Nb,Ta,as well as W,Sn,but lacks Li and F,due to a greater depth and higher temperature of the melt crystallization of this pegmatite.

关键词： Pegmatite Geochemistry Submantle plume Magmatism Caledonian collision Middle Paleozoic intraplate setting Be-Rb-Nb-Ta-Li-F mineralization Olkhon region Russia

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Convective drying of wood chips:Accelerating coupled DEM-CFD simulations with parametrized reduced single particle models

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 158-167页

作者： Lucas Reineking Jonas Fischer Ali Mjalled Enric Illana Siegmar Wirtz viktor Scherer Martin Monnigmann Automatic Control and System Theory Ruhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätstraße 150Bochum44801Germany Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-Universität-BochumUniversitätstraße 150Bochum44801Germany

The simulation of industry-scale reactive bulks is challenging due to the complex interaction between fluid and *** particles in the bulk and their interaction with the fluid flow can be described by combined Discrete Element Method-Computational Fluid Dynamics(DEM-CFD)***,the computational cost of the Finite Volume(FV)methods deployed in these models can become prohibi-tively expensive,especially for high inner-particle *** particle Reduced Models(RMs)can be used to achieve both fast and accurate descriptions of the processes in each *** an example of bulk systems comprising heat and mass transfer,we compared FV and RM simulations for the drying of wood chips in a bulk reactor.A manifold-based nonlinear interpolation was applied to resolve changing boundary conditions for the *** simulations showed that RMs provide accurate values for the thermodynamic state variables of the ***,the time required for the bulk simulation was reduced by 67%with the *** is evident that simulations with high inner-particle resolution can be accelerated by RMs if manifold-based nonlinear interpolation is used to address changing boundary conditions.

关键词： Reduced model Reactive bulk Discrete element method Manifold-based interpolation Drying of porous mediaDEM-CFD

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