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Impacts of tourism development on the physical environment of Mussoorie,a hill station in the lower Himalayan range of India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第10期15卷 2276-2291页

作者： Sangeeta SUNDRIYAL Vijay SHRIDHAR Sandeep MADHWAL Kamal PANDEY vikram SHARMA School of Environment&Natural Resources Doon UniversityDehradun-248001UtturakhandIndia Indian Institute of Remote Sensing Dehradun-248001UttarakhandIndia

Tourism in mountainous regions is a significant source of revenue generation. However, it has also been associated with many adverse environmental consequences. This study aims at assessing the negative impacts of the incessant upsurge in tourism development on the physical environment of Mussoorie, a well-known mountain tourist destination in India. The impact indicators for the region were identified and assessed by qualitative and quantitative analysis of field observations. The observations indicated the aggravation of traffic congestion, atmospheric pollution, undisposed solid waste, water scarcity and infrastructure unavailability as the prevalent issues, especially during the peak tourist months. The extent of the consequential damage to the environment was evaluated by conducting an assessment of tourism-induced human disturbance on the natural landscape of the town. Slope, slope aspect, vegetation cover, road network and drainage network were incorporated as thedetermining landscape attributes to prepare thematic maps of landscape quality(perceivable intrinsic properties) and landscape fragility(vulnerability to anthropogenic disturbances) using GIS technique. An absorption capacity map was finally prepared to characterize the study area into regions of different conservation needs. The results identified the need for planning appropriate preservation strategies for different tourist places in the town. The study can be used by the policy makers for implementing the regulatory measures against potential disturbances due to mass-tourism.

关键词： Absorption capacity Analytical Hierarchy Process Geographic Information System Human interventions Landscape assessment Mountain Tourism Destination

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Embryo culture is an efficient way to conserve a medicinally important endangered forest tree species Strychnos potatorum

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 279-283页

作者： Srikanth Kagithoju vikram Godishala Madhusudhan Kairamkonda Rama Swamy Nanna Department of Biotechnology Kakatiya University

The present study reports a protocol for germination of Strychnos potatorum （ver. Tel. Chilla） using zygotic embryo culture as an embryo rescue method. A 100% germination rate was obtained by culturing the embryos on full-strength Murashige and Skoog＇s medium （MS） containing 20 g/L sucrose in comparison to McCown and Lloyd＇s Woody Plant Medium （WPM）. Germination rates decreased when the sucrose concentration was lower or higher than 20 g·L-1 . WPM/MS medium containing glucose at levels 30, 20, 15 g·L-1 showed a smaller percentage of germination and at quarter strength, WPM/MS medium with glucose did not respond. Multiple shoot formation was found at 1.0 2.0 mg/L BAP; 3.0 mg/L Kn; 2.0 mg/L TDZ on MS medium with 20 g·L-1 sucrose. Germination rates improved when the embryos were placed upright （vertically） in the medium. The in vitro germinated seedlings were acclimatized in a walk-in-chamber and maintained in the green house with the survival rate of 65% 75%. These plants were transferred to the field and were found to be phenotypically normal, healthy and similar to donor plants. This protocol will be useful to overcome seed dormancy and for rapid multiplication and conservation of S. potatorum using zygotic embryo culture.

关键词： endangered tree species Strychnos potatorum In vitro zygotic embryo culture immobilization of zygotic embryos embryo rescue

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Bacopa monnieri extracts prevent hydrogen peroxide- induced oxidative damage in a cellular model of neuroblastoma IMR32 cells

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2017年第11期15卷 834-846页

作者： Gaurav Bhatia vikram Dhuna Kshitija Dhuna Manpreet Kaur Jatinder Singh Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar-143005 Punjab India Department of Biotechnology DAV College Amritsar-143006 Punjab India Department of Human Genetics Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar-143005 Punjab India

Neurodegenerative diseases are the consequences of imbalance between the production of oxidative stress and its nullification by cellular defense mechanisms. Hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2), a precursor of deleterious reactive oxygen species, elicits oxidative stress, resulting in severe brain injuries. Bacopa monnieri is well known for its nerve relaxing and memory enhancing properties. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of extracts from Bacopa monnieri against H_2O_2 induced oxidative stress using a cellular model, neuroblastoma IMR32 cell line. The protective potential of methanolic, ethanolic, and water extracts of B. monnieri(BM-MEx, BM-EEx, and BM-WEx) was evaluated using MTT assay. Although, all the B. monnieri extracts were found to protect cells against H_2O_2-mediated stress but BM-MEx showed significantly greater protection. UPLC analysis of BM-MEx revealed various polyphenols, including quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid predominance. Further, BM-MEx was found to possess considerable greater neuroprotective potential in comparison to the standard polyphenols such as quercetin, catechin, umbelliferone, and caffeic acid. The levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly elevated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx and quercetin. The expression levels of oxidative stress markers, such as NF200, HSP70, and mortalin, were significantly alleviated after the pretreatment of BM-MEx as shown by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the protective effects of BM-MEx, suggesting that it could be a candidate for the development of neuropathological therapeutics.

关键词： Antioxidant enzymes Bacopa monnieri H2O2 IMR32 neuroblastoma NF200 HSP70 Mortalin

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Detecting Lumbar Implant and Diagnosing Scoliosis from Vietnamese X-Ray Imaging Using the Pre-Trained API Models and Transfer Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 17-33页

作者： Chung Le Van vikram Puri Nguyen Thanh Thao Dac-Nhuong Le Duy Tan University Da Nang550000Vietnam Department of Radiology Hue University of Medicine and PharmacyHue UniversityHue530000Vietnam Institute of Research and Development Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDanang550000Vietnam

With the rapid growth of the autonomous system,deep learning has become integral parts to enumerate applications especially in the case of healthcare *** body vertebrae are the longest and complex parts of the human *** are numerous kinds of conditions such as scoliosis,vertebra degeneration,and vertebrate disc spacing that are related to the human body vertebrae or spine or *** detection of these problems is very important otherwise patients will suffer from a disease for a *** this proposed system,we developed an autonomous system that detects lumbar implants and diagnoses scoliosis from the modified Vietnamese x-ray *** applied two different approaches including pre-trained APIs and transfer learning with their pre-trained models due to the unavailability of sufficient x-ray medical *** results show that transfer learning is suitable for the modified Vietnamese x-ray imaging data as compared to the pre-trained API ***,we also explored and analyzed four transfer learning models and two pre-trained API models with our datasets in terms of accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity.

关键词： Lumbar implant diagnosing scoliosis X-Ray imaging transfer

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Asymptomatic ileal adenocarcinoma in the setting of undiagnosed Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4690-4693页

作者： vikram B Reddy Harold Aslanian Namsoo Suh Walter E Longo Department of Surgery Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven Connecticut 06510 United States Department of Gastroenterology Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven Connecticut 06510 United States Department of Pathology Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven Connecticut 06510 United States

A 53-year old previously healthy male underwent a screening colonoscopy for detection of a potential colorectal neoplasm. The terminal ileum was intubated and a mass was noted. Examination of the colon was normal. The biopsy of the ileal mass was consistent with an adenocarcinoma arising from the terminal ileum. His father who had never been previously ill from gastrointestinal disease died of natural causes, but was found to have Crohn's disease postmortem. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and a right hemicolectomy with a 30 cm section of terminal ileum in continuity. Findings were consistent with ileal adenocarcinoma in the setting of Crohn's disease. The patient made an uneventful recovery. The pathology was stage 1 adenocarcinoma. This is a unique case in that on a screening colonoscopy, a favorable ileal adenocarcinoma was discovered in the setting of asymptomatic, undiagnosed ileal Crohn's disease in a patient whose father had Crohn's disease diagnosed postmortem.

关键词： Ileal adenocarcinoma Crohn's disease Colonoscopy

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Rice straw management through biofuel,biochar,mushroom cultivation,and paper production to overcome environmental pollution in North India

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第4期5卷 483-510页

作者： vikram Kumar Pooja Singh Jyoti Sharma Sakshi Saini Priyanka Sharma Asha Sharma Department of Botany Maharshi Dayanand UniversityRohtakHaryana124001India

Rice is the prominent food grain required by more than half of the world's population to fulfill their nutritional *** the continuous growth in the population at the global level,rice production has also been ***,high rice production also creates a new problem in waste management *** straw,generated after rice harvest,possesses meager nutritional value,due to which it is less preferred as fodder and burned in the *** burning is one of the major causes of air pollution,leading to lung,heart,eye,and skin-related diseases and even premature *** stubble burning also decreases soil *** this review article,we have discussed the various economic uses of paddy straw which will help to reduce air pollution through the decline in paddy straw *** is produced from paddy straw,which can be mixed into the soil to restore fertility and reduce toxic metals'*** generation of biofuels such as biobutanol,bioethanol,and biogas from rice straw with their mechanism of synthesis is also discussed in this *** straw can also be utilized in the preparation of solid *** with this,mushroom cultivation in paddy straw houses is also *** straw can be used for the pulp and paper industries,which will help to reduce the tree dependence of these *** from this,a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database on rice straw uses for the last 20 years was done,including a bibliographic keyword analysis to show published documents'*** review will give an elaborated overview of the alternative uses of rice straw with a quantitative analysis of air pollution caused by paddy straw *** review will also help to improve the current uses of paddy straw for industrial and commercial benefits to make it more economical.

关键词： Rice straw Environment pollution Biochar Biofuels Mushroom cultivation Paper and pulp

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Paradigm and Ecological Implication of Changing Agricultural Land-use:A Case Study from Govind Wildlife Sanctuary,Central Himalaya,India

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Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第4期9卷 547-557页

作者： vikram S.NEGI Rakesh K.MAIKHURI Lakhpat S.RAWAT G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Kosi-KatarmalAlmora UttarakhandIndia G.B.Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Garhwal unitSrinagar GarhwalUttarakhandIndia

The paper scrutinizes that the changes in any sub-system(***,livestock and forest) have direct impact on biophysical and social processes in village ecosystem of the central Himalayan *** view of this,we studied the changes in spatial patterns of agricultural land use and dependency of agroecosystem on forest and animal husbandry over a period of two *** on data analysis it was found that the cultivation of some traditional crops has either been abandoned in the area or declined by 25%-85% due to introduction of cash crops viz.,potato,kidney bean and apple farming with acreage increased up to 51%-72% in the last three *** population of different categories has declined drastically by 17%-75%,and has resulted shortage of farmyard manure,deterioration of soil quality and fertility which leads to un-sustainability of agriculture *** changes in agrobiodiversity have led to the dramatic increase in soil loss and runoff from the croplands together with the increase pressure on *** economic evaluation of each crop showed higher monetary benefit from cash crops as compared to traditional *** all the evaluated crops,the monetary output/input ratio was found highest(3.04) for kidney bean and lowest(1.26) for *** in land use and management have improved household income but at the cost of forest degradation,less productive animal husbandry and loss of agrodiversity in the ***,there is an urgent need to bring desirable changes in agricultural policy,research,land use and efficient management of the resources for maintaining sustainability in agro and Himalayan forest ecosystem.

关键词： Forest Animal husbandry Cash crop Traditional agrodiversity Sustainability

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Hybrid Metamodel—NSGA-III—EDAS Based Optimal Design of Thin Film Coatings

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1771-1784页

作者： Kamlendra vikram Uvaraja Ragavendran Kanak Kalita Ranjan Kumar Ghadai Xiao-Zhi Gao Department of Mechanical Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr.Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and TechnologyAvadi600062India Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering MPSTME SVKM’S Narsee Monjee Institute of Management StudiesShirpur425405India Department of Mechanical Engineering Sikkim Manipal Institute of TechnologySikkim Manipal UniversityMajhitar737136India School of Computing University of Eastern FinlandKuopio70211Finland

In this work,diamond-like carbon(DLC)thin film coatings are deposited on silicon substrates by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition(PECVD)*** varying the hydrogen(H2)flow rate,CH4−Argon(Ar)flow rate and deposition temperature(Td)as per a Box-Behnken experimental design(BBD),15 DLC deposition experiments are carried *** Young’s modulus(E)and the coefficient of friction(COF)for the DLCs are *** using a second-order polynomial regression approach,two metamodels are built for E and COF,that establish them as functions of H2 flow rate,CH4-Ar flow rate and Td.A non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-III)is used to obtain a set of Pareto solutions for the multi-objective optimization of E maximization and COF *** to various practical scenarios,evaluation based on distance from average solution(EDAS)approach is used to identify the most feasible solutions out of the Pareto solution *** experiments are conducted which shows the efficacy of the polynomial regression—NSGA-III—EDAS hybrid *** surface morphology of the DLCs deposited as per the optimal predictions is also studied by using atomic force microscopy.

关键词： Multi-objective optimization regression analysis thin-film coating

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Role of endoscopic ultrasound during hospitalization for acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第39期16卷 4888-4891页

作者： vikram Kotwal Rupjyoti Talukdar Michael Levy Santhi Swaroop Vege Department of Medicine John H Stroger Jr Hospital of Cook County Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is often used to detect the cause of acute pancreatitis(AP)after the acute attack has *** limited data on its role during hospitalization for AP are reviewed *** ability of EUS to visualize the pancreas and bile duct,the sonographic appearance of the pancreas,correlation of such appearance to clinical outcomes and the impact on AP management are analyzed from *** most important indication for EUS appears to be for detection of suspected common bile duct and/or gall bladder stones and *** an approach might avoid diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography with its known *** use of EUS during hospitalization for AP still appears to be infrequent but may become more frequent in future.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Acute biliary pancreatitis Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography Idiopathic pancreatitis

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Effects of heavy metal pollution of highway origin on soil nematode guilds in North Shenyang, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 193-198页

作者： HAN Dechang ZHANG Xiaoke TOMAR Vijay vikram Singh LI Qi WEN Dazhong LIANG Wenju Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecological Process Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Biodiversity Research Laboratory Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh 202002 India Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Soil samples were collected with distance at 5, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 m from the Shen-Ha （Shenyang-Harbin） Highway, Northeast China, to investigate the effect of heavy metals of highway origin on soil nematode guilds. The contents of soil Pb, Cu, Zn, and the nematode community structure were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of total and available Pb, Ca, Zn varied significantly with the different distances from the highway. Pb was the main pollutant in the soils in the vicinity of Shen-Ha Highway. The zone from 20 to 40 m away from the highway was the most polluted area. The highest abundance of soil nematodes was found at 5 m while the lowest at 20 m away from the highway. Thirty six genera of nematodes belonging to 23 families were identified. Nematode guilds having different responses to soil heavy metals were classified into four types. Soil nematode guilds may act as a prominent indicator to heavy metal pollution of highway origin.

关键词： soil pollution of highway origin heavy metals soil nematode guilds

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