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Translocator protein and neurodegeneration: insights from Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1090-1091页

作者： Arpit kumar Pradhan Rainer Rupprecht Gerhard Rammes Klinik für Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin der Technischen Universität München Klinikum rechts der IsarMunichGermany Graduate school of systemic Neurosciences Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMartinsriedGermany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University RegensburgRegensburgGermany

The 18 kDa translocator protein(TsPO)located on the outer mitochondrial membrane regulates several key cellular processes including mitochondrial homeostasis,cholesterol transport,apoptosis,cell proliferation,and maintenance of mitochondrial health(Rupprecht et al.,2022,2023).TsPO is expressed in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system,with a more pronounced expression in tissues that produce *** main reason why TsPO has garnered so much attention is because it plays a key role in neurosteroidogenesis by transferring cholesterol from the outer to the inner mitochondrial membrane,which is the rate-limiting step in neurosteroid synthesis.A cholesterol-recognizing amino acid consensus domain has been identified in the cytosolic C terminus of the TsPO protein by both in vitro and site-directed mutagenesis experiments(Li et al.,2001).However,the role of TsPO in the process of neurosteroid synthesis has been challenged by several studies,particularly TsPO knockout models,which suggest that TsPO removal does not affect the phenotype or the system’s viability(Tu et al.,2014).However,ligands targeting TsPO have been shown to enhance levels of neurosteroids which suggests that neurosteroidogenesis is one of the major functional roles mediated by the TsPO protein.

关键词： cholesterol organs

Insights into gastrointestinal manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus:A narrative review

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 51-62页

作者： Pratiksha Moliya Anmol singh Navdeep singh vik.sh kumar Aalam sohal Department of Transplant Hepatology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 69198United States Department of Medicine Tristar Centennial Medical CenterNashvilleTN 37203United States Department of Medicine Government Medical CollegeAmritsar 143001PunjabIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Creighton University School of MedicinePhoenixAZ 85012United States

Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)modifies CD4-positive cells,resulting in immunodeficiency and a wide range of gastrointestinal(GI)*** burden of HIV-related GI illnesses has significantly evolved with the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART).While ART has effectively reduced the occurrence of opportunistic infections,it has led to an increase in therapy-related GI *** esophageal conditions in HIV patients include gastroesophageal reflux disease,idiopathic esophageal ulcers,herpes simplex virus,cytomegalovirus(CMV),and candidal ***’s sarcoma,a hallmark of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,may affect the entire GI *** and peptic ulcer disease are also frequently seen in patients with ***,often linked to both opportunistic infections and ART,requires careful *** diarrhea,often a sign of colitis caused by bacterial infections such as shigella or Clostridium difficile,is *** bowel lymphoma,although rare,is increasing in *** disorders,including proctitis,fissures,and anal squamous cell carcinoma,are particularly relevant in homosexual men,underlining the importance of timely *** review comprehensively explores the epidemiology,pathogenesis,and treatment considerations for the various GI disorders associated with HIV,highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis and effective treatment to improve outcomes for HIV-infected patients.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Opportunistic infections Antiretroviral treatment Gastrointestinal

Internal hernia as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction:An insight from 13 years of experience

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第7期13卷 21-27页

作者： Payal Kaw Anu Behari supriya sharma Ashok kumar Rajneesh K singh Department of surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014UPIndia

BACKGROUND Internal hernia(IH)is a rare culprit of small bowel obstruction(sBO)with an incidence of<1%.It poses a considerable diagnostic challenge requiring a high index of suspicion to prevent misdiagnosis,improper ... 详细信息

BACKGROUND Internal hernia(IH)is a rare culprit of small bowel obstruction(sBO)with an incidence ofses a considerable diagnostic challenge requiring a high index of suspicion to prevent misdiagnosis,improper treatment,and subsequent morbidity and *** To determine the clinico-demographic profile,radiological and operative findings,and postoperative course of patients with IH and its association with *** Medical records of 586 patients with features of sBO presenting at a tertiary care centre at Lucknow,India between september 2010 and August 2023 were *** Out of 586 patients,7(1.2%)were diagnosed with *** these,4 had congenital IH and 3 had acquired *** male-to-female ratio was 4:*** median age at presentation was 32 ***-enhanced computed tomography(CECT)was the most reliable investigation for preoperative identification,demonstrating mesenteric whirling and clumped-up bowel *** paraduodenal hernia and transmesenteric hernia occurred with an equal frequency(approximately 43%each).Intraoperatively,one patient was found to have bowel ischemia and one had associated malrotation of *** follow-up,no recurrences were *** IH,being a rare cause,must be considered as a differential diagnosis for sBO,especially in young patients in their 30s or with unexplained abdominal pain or discomfort post-surgery.A rapid imaging evaluation,preferably with CECT,is necessary to aid in an early diagnosis and prompt intervention,thereby reducing financial burden related to unnecessary investigations and preventing the morbidity and mortality associated with closed-loop obstruction and strangulation of the bowel.

关键词： Paraduodenal hernia Internal hernia Mesenteric whirling Bowel obstruction Computed tomography

Effect of Different Vegetation systems on soil Erosion and soil Nutrients in Red soil Region of southeastern China

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Pedosphere 2003年第2期13卷 121-128页

作者： s. kumar Department of Environmental Engineering Environmental Science and Resources College of Zhejiang University

The effect of different vegetation systems including bamboo plantation (BP), forest ecosystem (CF),citrus orchard (Ctr) and farmland (FL) on erosion and nutrients of red soil were investigated in hilly region of southeastern China to find effective control measures for soil erosion. The results showed that all the vegetation systems could significantly reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses compared to bare land (Br).The ability of different vegetation systems to conserve soil and water was in the order of Ctr ＞ BP ＞ CF ＞ FL ＞ Br. Vegetation could also improve soil fertility. The soil organic matter, total N and total P contents were much higher in all the vegetation systems than in bare land, especially for the top soils. Vegetation systems improved soil physical properties remarkably. Compared to the bare land, soil organic matter, TP,TK and available K, especially soil microbial biomass C, N and P, increased under all the vegetation ***, they were still much lower than expected, thus these biological measurements are still needed to be carried out continuously.

关键词： microbial biomass nutrients red soil soil erosion vegetation systems

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever:Pathogenesis,transmission and public health challenges

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 63-72页

作者： sita kumari Karanam Kandra Nagvishnu Praveen kumar Uppala sandhya Edhi srinivasa Rao Varri Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Maharajah’s College of PharmacyVizianagaram 535002Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology Santhiram Medical College and General HospitalNandyal 518501Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology Santhiram Medical College and General HospitalNandyal 518501Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Pharmaceutical AnalysisMaharajah's College of PharmacyVizianagaram 535002Andhra PradeshIndia

The dangerous Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus(CCHFV),an encapsulated negative-sense RNA virus of the family Nairoviridae,is transmitted from person to person via *** a case fatality rate between 10%to 40%,the most common ways that the disease may spread to humans are via tick bites or coming into touch with infected animals'blood or ***,the transfer of bodily fluids between individuals is another potential route of *** is a wide range of symptoms experienced by patients throughout each stage,from myalgia and fever to extreme bruising and excess *** management measures include minimising the spread of ticks from one species to another and from people to animals via the use of protective clothing,repellents,and proper animal *** order to prevent the spread of illness,healthcare workers must adhere to stringent *** the lack of an authorised vaccine,the main components of treatment now consist of preventative measures and supportive care,which may include the antiviral medicine *** still don't know very much about the virus's mechanisms,even though advances in molecular virology and animal models have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of CCHFV.A critical need for vaccination that is both safe and effective,as well as for quick diagnosis and efficient treatments to lessen the disease's impact in areas where it is most *** steps towards lowering Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever mortality and morbidity rates were to anticipatethe future availability of immunoglobulin products.

关键词： Crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever Tick-borne illness Immunoglobulins Viral hemorrhagic fever Antiviral therapy

Feature selection for face recognition:a memetic algorithmic approach

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Journal of Zhejiang University-science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第8期10卷 1140-1152页

作者： Dinesh kumar shakti kumar C.s.RAI Department of Computer science & Engineering Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology Institute of science and Technology University school of Information Technology GGS Indraprastha University

The eigenface method that uses principal component analysis(PCA) has been the standard and popular method used in face *** paper presents a PCA-memetic algorithm(PCA-MA) approach for feature *** has been extended by MAs where the former was used for feature extraction/dimensionality reduction and the latter exploited for feature *** were performed over ORL and YaleB face databases using Euclidean norm as the *** was found that as far as the recognition rate is concerned,PCA-MA completely outperforms the eigenface *** compared the performance of PCA extended with genetic algorithm(PCA-GA) with our proposed PCA-MA *** results also clearly established the supremacy of the PCA-MA method over the PCA-GA *** further extended linear discriminant analysis(LDA) and kernel principal component analysis(KPCA) approaches with the MA and observed significant improvement in recognition rate with fewer *** paper also compares the performance of PCA-MA,LDA-MA and KPCA-MA approaches.

关键词： Face recognition Memetic algorithm (MA) Principal component analysis (PCA) Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) Kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) Feature selection

Intricacies during pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 62-64页

作者： Richa Rattan Rimesh Pal Parul Chawla Gupta Arvind kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Endocrinology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India Department of Ophthalmology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012PunjabIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The study by Cao et al aimed to identify early second-trimester biomarkers that could predict gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)development using advanced proteomic techniques,such as Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry liquid chromatography-mass *** analysis revealed 47 differentially expressed proteins in the GDM group,with retinol-binding protein 4 and angiopoietin-like 8 showing significantly elevated serum levels compared to *** these findings are promising,the study is limited by its small sample size(n=4 per group)and lacks essential details on the reproducibility and reliability of the protein quantification methods ***,the absence of experimental validation weakens the interpretation of the protein-protein interaction network identified through bioinformatics *** study's focus on second-trimester biomarkers raises concerns about whether this is a sufficiently early period to implement preventive interventions for *** GDM risk during the first trimester or pre-conceptional period may offer more clinical *** its limitations,the study presents valuable insights into potential GDM biomarkers,but larger,well-validated studies are needed to establish their predictive utility and generalizability.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Biomarkers Differentially expressed proteins Retinol-binding protein 4 Angiopoietin-like 8 Proteomics Lifestyle interventions Early prediction

Plasmonic enhancement of upconversion emission in Ag@NaYF4:Er^3+/Yb^3+phosphor

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第9期36卷 903-910页

作者： s.K.Maurya s.R Tiwari A.kumar K.kumar Optical Materials and Bio-imaging Research Laboratory Department of Applied PhysicsIndian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanhad-826004India

In this article upconversion luminescence of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） coated NaYF4：Er3＋/Yb3＋phosphor nano-particles was *** prepared samples were characterized through various *** surface plasmon band is observed for prepared AgNPs by analyzing UV-vis measurements and is used to enhance the upconversion *** the upconversion measurement the emission bands are observed at 522,546,and 656 nm corresponding to the 2 H11/2→ 4115/2,4 s3/2→4 I15/2and 4 F9/2→4 I15/2 levels,*** upconversion emission intensity of the above bands is found to enhance for sample containing 1 mmol *** time of 4 s3/2 and 4F9/2 levels is found to decrease on coating of AgNPs and hence intensity enhancement is assumed due to the surface plasmon resonance（sPR） effect.

关键词： Upconversion phosphor surface plasmon resonance Decay time analysis CIE diagram Rare earths

Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on the microstructural,mechanical and ballistic properties of AA7075-T6 aluminum alloy

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 101-110页

作者： s.Dharani kumar U.Magarajan saurabh s kumar Rodríguez-Millan M Centre for Machining and Material Testing KPR Institute of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatoreIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennaiIndia scientific Officer Ballistic Research Centre&Testing RangeNational Forensic Sciences UniversityGandhi NagarIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering University Carlos Ⅲ of MadridLeganesMadridSpain

The study focused on investigating the effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment(DCT)on the mechanical and ballistic properties of AA7075-T6 aluminum *** microstructure,microhardness,tensile strength,and impact strength of the Base Material(BM)and DCT-treated 7075 samples were analyzed through metallographic analysis and mechanical *** microstructure of the DCT-treated 7075 samples revealed fine grains and a distribution of secondary phase *** tensile strength,impact strength,and microhardness of DCT-treated samples increased by 7.41%,4%,and 9.68%,respectively,compared to the BM *** fractography analysis of the tensile samples showed cleavage facets,microvoids,and dimples in both the *** ballistic behavior of the BM and DCT target plates were studied by impacting hard steel core projectiles at a velocity of 750±10 m/*** target plates failed due to petaling and ductile hole enlargement,and the depth of penetration(DOP)of the DCT target was less than that of the BM target,indicating a higher ballistic *** post-ballistic microstructure examination of the target plates showed the formation of an Adiabatic shear Band(AsB)without any *** was concluded that the DCT treatment improved the mechanical and ballistic properties of the aluminum alloy due to grain refinement and high dislocation density.

关键词： Deep cryogenic treatment AA7075-T6 Mechanical properties Ballistic Adiabatic shear band