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Artificial neural network (ANNs) and mathematical modelling of hydration of green chickpea

Information Processing in Agriculture 2021年第1期8卷 75-86页

作者： Yogesh Kumar Lochan singh vijay singh sharanagat Ayon Tarafdar Department of Food Engineering National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and ManagementHaryanaIndia Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and ManagementHaryanaIndia

The present study was aimed to model the hydration characteristics of green chickpea(GC)using mathematical modelling and examine predictive ability of artificial neural network(ANN)*** of GC was performed at different temperatures 25,35,45,55 and 65℃.Different mathematical models were tested for the hydration at different *** ANN modelling,the hydration time and hydration temperature were used as input variables and moisture ratio,moisture content and hydration ratio were taken as output *** model best described the hydration behavior at 25℃;while hydration at high-temperature was better described by Page model and Ibarz et *** optimum temperature obtained for hydration was 35℃.Effective mass diffusion coefficient(D_(e))increased from 1.5510^(-11)-1.7910^(-9) m^(2)/s with the increase in the hydration *** low activation energy(39.66 kJ/moL)shows the low-temperature sensitiveness of *** temperature hydration(25℃)required higher time(>200 min)to achieve the equilibrium moisture content(EMC),however high temperature hydration(35–65℃)reduced the EMC time(150 min).ANN was used to predict the hydration behavior and K fold cross validation was performed to check the over fitting of ANN *** show that the LOGSIGMOID transfer function showed better performance when used at the hidden layer input node in conjunction to both PURELIN and *** was found suitable for moisture ratio(MR)and hydration ratio(HR)prediction,as opposed to PURELIN for moisture content(MC)*** model prediction was obtained when the number of neurons in the hidden layer for MC,MR and HR was 12,8 and 15,*** and ANN modelling results are useful to improve/predict the MC,MR and HR during hydration process of GC at different temperature and other similar process.

关键词： Green chickpea Water absorption Hydration temperature ANN modeling

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Biorenewable materials for water remediation: The central role of cellulose in achieving sustainability

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 253-282页

作者： Kirti Mishra Samarjeet singh Siwal Thandiwe Sithole Nirankar singh Phil Hart vijay Kumar Thakur Department of Chemistry M.M.Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Haryana 133207India Department of Chemical Engineering University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2088South Africa Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural CollegeEdinburgh EH93JGUnited Kingdom Renewable and Sustainable Energy Research Centre Technology Innovation InstituteAbu Dhabi 9639United Arab Emirates School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy StudiesDehradun 248007India

As the population increases and manufacturing grows,greenhouse gas and other harmful emissions *** with chemicals such as dyes,pesticides,pharmaceuticals,oil,heavy metals or radionuclides,wastewater purification has become an urgent *** technologies exist that can remove these contaminants from wastewater sources,but they often demand high energy and/or high cost,and in some cases produce contaminant laden sludge that requires safe *** need for methods which are less capital intensive,less operationally costly and more environmentally friendly is ***-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for wastewater treatment due to their renewability,low cost,biodegradability,hydrophilicity,and antimicrobial *** this review article,we focussed on developing sustainable and biodegradable cellulose-based materials for wastewater *** article deals with cellulose-based materials’scope and their conversion into valuable products like hydrogel,aerogel,cellulose composites,and *** cellulose-based materials have no harmful environmental impact and are *** modified cellulose-based materials applying as membrane,adsorbent,sorbent,and beads to purify the wastewater were ***,the challenges and future prospects of cellulose-based materials for wastewater treatment were considered,emphasizing their potential to be sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials used in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Cellulose Wastewater treatment Hydrogel Nanocrystal Cellulose membrane

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Random Amplification Polymorphic DNA and Agro-Morphological Traits-Based Fingerprinting for Detection of Genetic Divergence in Indian Black Rice

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 366-370,I0004-I0014页

作者： Manisha SHARMA Dhananjay RATURI vijay Rani RAJPAL Manju CHAUDHARY Soom Nath RAINA Apekshita singh Amity Institute of Biotechnology Amity University Uttar PradeshSector-125UP 201313India Department of Botany Hansraj CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110007India

In this study, 32 black rice genotypes spanning diverse geographies in India were evaluated at both phenotypic and DNA sequence levels to gain insights into their genetic makeup. Significant variations were observed f... 详细信息

关键词： Indian Morphological Traits

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Methyl-salicylate:A surveillance system fortriggering immunity in neighboring plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第2期66卷 163-165页

作者： Saumya Jaiswal Durgesh Kumar Tripathi Ravi Gupta JingHe Zhong-Hua Chen vijay Pratap singh Plant Physiology Laboratory Department of Botany C.M.P.Degree CollegeA Constituent Post Graduate College ofUniversity of AllahabadPrayagraj 211002India Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology LabAmity Institute of Organic Agriculture Amity University UttarPradeshNoida 201313India College of General Education Kookmin UniversitySeoul 02707South Korea School of Science Western Sydney UniversitySydney 2751New South WalesAustralia Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western SydneyUniversitySydney 2751New South WalesAustralia

Plant behavioral actions have been one of the major topicsof research in plant biology and *** actionsfrom plants are determined by their instant structural andphysical reactions to the circumstances(Bouwmeester et al.,2019).Upon sensing abiotic factors such as salinity,flooding,high temperature,drought,plants make suitable changes intheir physiology and behavior to survive such harsh conditions.

关键词： immunity neighboring salinity

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高速火焰喷涂VC-CuNiCr涂层的耐腐蚀性能

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第5期31卷 1385-1397页

作者： singh Vikrant BANSAL Anuj SINGLA Anil Kumar KUMAR vijay Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology Longowal Sangrur 148106India Industrial and Production Engineering Department Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandhar 144011India

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS... 详细信息

本研究采用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)沉积技术,将碳化钒(VC)和铜镍铬(CuNiCr)复合涂层应用于SS316不锈钢上,以解决不锈钢在海洋环境中的腐蚀问题。在室温环境下,在3.5%氯化钠溶液中进行电化学腐蚀,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量色散光谱(EDS)对有涂层和未覆涂层样品的表面形貌进行检测。结果表明,涂层内由铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)和铬(Cr)组成的金属间黏合剂在氯化钠介质的影响下发生变质,从而导致出现衬底间的局部点蚀现象。有趣的是,在涂层配方中加入碳化钒(VC)显著地增强了表面的耐腐蚀性能,从而阻止了密闭腐蚀凹坑的出现。在不同类的涂层中,加入VC的效果最好,最小的腐蚀速率为72.38×10^(-3)mm/a,相比之下,SS316基底的腐蚀速率最快。

关键词：高速火焰喷涂碳化钒铜镍铬电化学腐蚀氯化钠溶液

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Cellulose-based smart materials:Novel synthesis techniques,properties,and applications in energy storage and conversion devices

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Electron 2024年第2期2卷 159-195页

作者： Pariksha Bishnoi Samarjeet singh Siwal vijay Kumar Thakur Department of Chemistry M.M.Engineering CollegeMaharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana-AmbalaHaryanaIndia Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland's Rural College(SRUC)EdinburghUK 3School of WaterEnergy and EnvironmentCranfield UniversityCranfieldUK

There has been a significant scope toward the cutting-edge in-vestigations in hierarchical carbon nanostructured electrodes originating from cellulosic materials,such as cellulose nanofibers,available from natural cellulose and bacterial *** of energy storage systems(ESSs)are typically established upon inorganic/metal mixtures,carbonaceous implications,and petroleum-derived hydrocarbon ***,these conventional substances may need help fulfilling the ever-increasing needs of *** has grown significantly as an impressive 1D element due to its natural availability,eco-friend-liness,recyclability,structural identity,simple transformation,and dimensional ***,in this review article,we have discussed the role and overview of cellulose-based hydrogels in ***,the extraction sources and solvents used for dissolution have been dis-cussed in ***,the properties(such as self-healing,trans-parency,strength and swelling behavior),and applications(such as flexible batteries,fuel cells,solar cells,flexible supercapacitors and carbon-based derived from cellulose)in energy storage devices and conclusion with existing challenges have been updated with recent findings.

关键词： batteries cellulose-based materials energy storage devices fuel cells hydrogels supercapacitors

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Whispered Tuning: Data Privacy Preservation in Fine-Tuning LLMs through Differential Privacy

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第1期17卷 1-22页

作者： Tanmay singh Harshvardhan Aditya vijay K. Madisetti Arshdeep Bahga School of Computer Science Engineering & Technology Bennett University Greater Noida India School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA Cloudemy Technology Labs Chandigarh India

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various sectors underscored the urgency of addressing potential privacy breaches. Vulnerabilities, such as prompt injection attacks and other adversarial tactics, could make these models inadvertently disclose their training data. Such disclosures could compromise personal identifiable information, posing significant privacy risks. In this paper, we proposed a novel multi-faceted approach called Whispered Tuning to address privacy leaks in large language models (LLMs). We integrated a PII redaction model, differential privacy techniques, and an output filter into the LLM fine-tuning process to enhance confidentiality. Additionally, we introduced novel ideas like the Epsilon Dial for adjustable privacy budgeting for differentiated Training Phases per data handler role. Through empirical validation, including attacks on non-private models, we demonstrated the robustness of our proposed solution SecureNLP in safeguarding privacy without compromising utility. This pioneering methodology significantly fortified LLMs against privacy infringements, enabling responsible adoption across sectors.

关键词： NLP Differential Privacy Adversarial Attacks Informed Decisions

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Barriers in early detection of colorectal cancer and exploring potential solutions

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 811-817页

作者： Maryam Aleissa Ernesto Raul Drelichman vijay K Mittal Jasneet singh Bhullar Department of Surgery Ascension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States College of Medicine Princess Norah University HospitalRiyadh 11564Saudi Arabia

This editorial discusses the literature review article by Tonini and Zanni,the paper was published in January 2024,and the authors provided very interesting conclusions regarding existing barriers to the early diagnosis of colon *** cancers do not have identifiable precursors,or there are currently no screening tests to find ***,these cancers do not have preventive screening *** detection is crucial for reducing mortality rates by identifying cancer at an earlier stage through screening,as opposed to no *** cancer develops from precancerous lesions,which can be detected early and potentially prevented and *** detection leads to improved survival rates,decreased complications,and reduced healthcare *** editorial provides a brief description of the biology of colon cancer,emphasizing the contrast in outcomes between early detection and late *** also describe screening programs around the globe and examine the barriers in each ***,we explore potential future solutions to enhance inclusion in screening programs and improve patient compliance.

关键词： Colon cancer Rectal cancer Early detection

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Outcomes and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging-compatible sacral nerve stimulator for management of fecal incontinence: A multi-institutional study

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World Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期16卷 32-39页

作者： Binit Katuwal Amy Thorsen Kunal Kochar Ryba Bhullar Ray King Ernesto Raul Drelichman vijay K Mittal Jasneet singh Bhullar Department of Surgery Ascension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States Department of Colon and Rectal surgery Alina Health Abbott Northwestern HospitalMinneapolisMN 55407United States Colon and Rectal Surgery Advocate Illinois MasonicPark RidgeIL 60068United States Volunteer Student Department of ResearchAscension Providence HospitalSouthfieldMI 48075United States Colon and Rectal Surgery University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53715United States General and Colorectal Surgery Ascension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States Department of Surgery Department of Medical EducationAscension Providence HospitalMichigan State University College of Human MedicineSouthfieldMI 48075United States

BACKGROUND Fecal incontinence(FI)is an involuntary passage of fecal matter which can have a significant impact on a patient’s quality of *** modalities of treatment exist for *** nerve stimulation is a well-established treatment for *** the increased need of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for diagnostics,the In-terStim which was previously used in sacral nerve stimulation was limited by MRI *** MRI-compatible InterStim was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in August 2020 and has been widely *** To evaluate the efficacy,outcomes and complications of the MRI-compatible *** Data of patients who underwent MRI-compatible Medtronic InterStim placement at UPMC Williamsport,University of Minnesota,Advocate Lutheran General Hospital,and University of Wisconsin-Madison was pooled and *** demographics,clinical features,surgical techniques,complications,and outcomes were *** the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)cross-sectional reporting guidelines were *** Seventy-three patients had the InterStim *** mean age was 63.29±12.2 ***-seven(78.1%)patients were females and forty-two(57.5%)patients had *** addition to incontinence,overlapping symptoms included diarrhea(23.3%),fecal urgency(58.9%),and urinary incontinence(28.8%).Fifteen(20.5%)patients underwent Peripheral Nerve Evaluation before proceeding to definite implant ***-two(43.8%)patients underwent rechargeable InterStim ***(4.1%)patients needed removal of the *** of the external lead connection was observed in 7(9.6%)patients after the stage I *** explanation for one patient was due to ***(9.6%)patients had other complications like nerve pain,hematoma,infection,lead fracture,and *** mean follow-up was 6.62±3.5 ***-eight(93.2%)patients reported significant improvement of symptoms on

关键词： Fecal incontinence Sacral nerve stimulation InterStim Magnetic resonance imaging Sacral neuromodulation

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Evaluating Privacy Leakage and Memorization Attacks on Large Language Models (LLMs) in Generative AI Applications

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 421-447页

作者： Harshvardhan Aditya Siddansh Chawla Gunika Dhingra Parijat Rai Saumil Sood Tanmay singh Zeba Mohsin Wase Arshdeep Bahga vijay K. Madisetti School of Computer Science Engineering & Technology Bennett University Greater Noida India Cloudemy Technology Labs Chandigarh India School of Cybersecurity and Privacy Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

The recent interest in the deployment of Generative AI applications that use large language models (LLMs) has brought to the forefront significant privacy concerns, notably the leakage of Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and other confidential or protected information that may have been memorized during training, specifically during a fine-tuning or customization process. We describe different black-box attacks from potential adversaries and study their impact on the amount and type of information that may be recovered from commonly used and deployed LLMs. Our research investigates the relationship between PII leakage, memorization, and factors such as model size, architecture, and the nature of attacks employed. The study utilizes two broad categories of attacks: PII leakage-focused attacks (auto-completion and extraction attacks) and memorization-focused attacks (various membership inference attacks). The findings from these investigations are quantified using an array of evaluative metrics, providing a detailed understanding of LLM vulnerabilities and the effectiveness of different attacks.

关键词： Large Language Models PII Leakage Privacy Memorization Overfitting Membership Inference Attack (MIA)

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