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Probiotics media: significance, challenges, and future perspective - a mini review

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 211-223页

作者： vijay kumar Bindu Naik Akhilesh kumar Naresh Khanduri Sarvesh Rustagi Sanjay kumar Department of Biosciences Swami Rama Himalayan UniversitySwami Rama NagarJolly GrantDehradun248016UttarakhandIndia Department of Life Sciences Graphic Era(Deemed to Be)UniversityBell RoadClement Town DehradunUttarakhand248001India Department of Food Technology UCALSUttaranchal UniversityDehradunUttarakhandIndia

The health benefits associated with probiotics have increased their application in pharmaceutical formulations and functional food development. High production of probiotic biomass requires a cost-effective production method and nutrient media optimization. The biomass production of probiotics can be enhanced by optimizing growth parameters such as substrate, pH, incubation time, etc. For economical industrial production of probiotic biomass, it is required to design a new medium with low cost. Wastes from the food industries are promising components for the development of the low-cost medium. Industrial wastes such as cheese whey and corn steep liquor are excellent examples of reliable sources of nitrogen for the biomass production of probiotic bacteria. The increased yield of biomass reduced the cost of production. This review focuses on the importance of probiotic media for biomass production and its challenges.

关键词： Probiotics Media Health benefits Production

Characteristics of La-modified Ni-Al_2O_3 and Ni-SiO_2 catalysts for CO_x-free hydrogen production by catalytic decomposition of methane

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第6期22卷 853-860页

作者： Chatla Anjaneyulu Velisoju vijay kumar Suresh K.Bhargava Akula Venugopal Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology College of Science Engineering and Health Advanced Materials & Industrial Chemistry School of Applied Sciences RMIT University

Hydrotalcite precursors of La modified Ni-Al2O3 and Ni-SiO2 catalysts prepared by co-precipitation method and the catalytic activities were examined for the production of COx-free H2 by CH4 decomposition. Physico-chemical characteristics of fresh, reduced and used catalysts were evaluated by XRD, TPR and O2 pulse chemisorptions, TEM and BET-SA techniques. XRD studies showed phases due to hydrotalcite-like precursors in oven dried form produced dispersed NiO species upon calcination in static air above 450 C. Raman spectra of deactivated samples revealed the presence of both ordered and disordered forms of carbon. Ni-La-Al2O3catalyst with a mole ratio of Ni : La : Al = 2 : 0.1 : 0.9 exhibited tremendously high longevity with a hydrogen production rate of 1300 molH2 mol 1 Ni. A direct relationship between Ni metal surface area and hydrogen yields was established.

关键词： CH4 decomposition Ni-La-Al hydrotalcite Ni metal surface area COx-free H2

Measurement of bit-rock interface temperature and wear rate of the tungsten carbide drill bit during rotary drilling

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Friction 2020年第6期8卷 1073-1082页

作者： vijay kumar SHANKAR Bijay Mihir KUNAR Chivukula Suryanarayana MURTHY M R RAMESH Department of Mining Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkal 575025India Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkal 575025India

Rock drilling is an essential operation in mining *** at the bit-rock interface plays a major role in the wear rate of the drill *** paper primarily focuses on the wear rate of tungsten carbide(WC)drill bit and the interrelationship between temperature and wear rate during rotary drilling operations conducted using a computer numerical control(CNC)*** interrelationship between the temperature and wear rate was studied with regard to three types of rock samples,i.e.,fine-grained sandstone(FG)of uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)that is 17.83 MPa,medium-grained sandstone(MG)of UCS that is 13.70 MPa,and fine-grained sandstone pink(FGP)of UCS that is 51.67 *** rate of the drill bit has been measured using controlled parameters,i.e.,drill bit diameter(6,8,10,12,and 16 mm),spindle speed(250,300,350,400,and 450 rpm),and penetration rate(2,4,6,8,and 10 mm/min),***,a fully instrumented laboratory drilling set-up was *** weight of each bit was measured after the bit reached 30 mm depth in each type of the rock ***,effects of the bit-rock interface temperature and operational parameters on wear rate of the drill bits were *** results show that the wear rate of drill bits increased with an increase in temperature for all the bit-rock combinations *** is due to the silica content of the rock sample,which leads to an increase in the frictional heat between the bit-rock ***,in case of medium-grained sandstone,the weight percentage(wt%)of SiO2 is around 7.23 wt%,which presents a very low wear rate coefficient of 6.33×10^–2 mg/(N?m).Moreover,the temperature rise during drilling is also minimum,i.e.,around 74℃,in comparison to that of fine-grained sandstone and fine-grained sandstone *** addition,this paper develops the relationship between temperature and wear rate characteristics by employing simple linear regression analysis.

关键词： temperature wear rate drilling simple linear regression

Animal models of human colorectal cancer:Current status, uses and limitations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第41期21卷 11854-11861页

作者： vijay K Mittal Jasneet Singh Bhullar kumar Jayant Department of Surgery Providence Hospital and Medical Centers Department of Colorectal Surgery University of MinnesotaMN 55114 United States

AIM: To make orthotopic colon cancer murine modelsa more clearly understood subject. The orthotopic tumor models have been found to be more relevant in replicating the human disease process as compared to heterotopic models, many techniques for making orthotopic colorectal murine models have been ***: We evaluated the current literature for various reported orthotopic colon cancer models to understand their techniques, advantages and limitations. An extensive literature review was performed by searching the National Library of Medicine Database(Pub Med) using Me SH terms animal model; colon cancer; orthotopic model; murine model. Twenty studies related to colon cancer orthotopic xenograft model were evaluated in detail and discussed here. RESULTS: The detailed analysis of all relevant reports on orthotopic model showed tumor take rate between 42%-100%. While models using the enema technique and minimally invasive technique have reported development of tumor from mucosa with tumor take rate between 87%-100% with metastasis in 76%-90%.CONCLUSION: Over the years, the increased understanding of the murine models of human colon cancer has resulted in the development of various models. Each reported model has some limitations. These latest models have opened up new doors for continuing cancer research for not only understanding the colon cancer pathogenesis but also aid in the development of newer chemotherapeutic drugs as they mimic the human disease closely.

关键词： Murine model Colon cancer Colon cancer murine mode

Numerical study of fractional model of multi-dimensional dispersive partial differential equation

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2019年第4期4卷 338-351页

作者： vijay Verma Amit Prakash Devendra kumar Jagdev Singh Department of Mathematics Pt.C.L.S.Govt.(PG)CollegeKarnalHaryanaIndia Department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetra 136119India Department of Mathematics University of RajasthanJaipur 302004RajasthanIndia Department of Mathematics JECRC UniversityJaipur 303905RajasthanIndia

This article is devoted to a newly introduced numerical method for time-fractional dispersive partial differential equation in a multidimensional *** time-fractional dispersive partial differential equation plays a great role in solving the problems arising in ocean science and *** numerical technique comprises of Sumudu transform,homotopy perturbation scheme and He’s polynomial,namely homotopy perturbation Sumudu transform method(HPSTM)is efficiently used to examine time-fractional dispersive partial differential equation of third order in multi-dimensional *** approximate analytic solution of the time-fractional dispersive partial differential equation of third-order in multi-dimensional space obtained by HPSTM is compared with exact solution as well as the solution obtained by using Adomain decomposition *** results derived with the aid of two techniques are in a good agreement and consequently these techniques may be considered as an alternative and efficient approach for solving fractional partial differential *** test problems are experimented to confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed methods.

关键词： Homotopy perturbation method Fractional trigonometric function He’s polynomials Adomian decomposition method Sumudu transform

Heat transfer during droHeat transfer during droplet impact on a cold superhydrophobic surface via interfacial thermal mappingplet impact on a cold superhydrophobic surface via interfacial thermal mapping

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Droplet 2024年第3期3卷 71-79页

作者： vijay kumar Qianxi Fu Harrison Szeto Yangying Zhu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA

Undesired heat transfer during droplet impact on cold surfaces can lead to ice formation and damage to renewable infrastructure,among *** address this,superhydrophobic surfaces aim to minimize the droplet surface interaction thereby,holding promise to greatly limit ***,the dropletimpact on such surfaces spans only a few milliseconds making it difficult to quantify the heat exchange at the droplet–solid ***,we employ high-speed infrared thermography and a three-dimensionaltransient heat conductionCOMSOL modelto map the dynamic heat flux distribution during droplet impact on a cold superhydrophobic *** comprehensive droplet impact experiments for varying surface temperature,droplet size,and impacting height reveal that the heat transfer effectiveness(Q′)scales with the dimensionless maximum spreading radius as Q′∼(Rmax∕Ri)1.6,deviating from previous semi-infinite ***,despite shorter contact times,droplets impacting from higher heights demonstrate increased heat transfer effectiveness due to expanded contact *** results suggest that reducing droplet spreading time,as opposed to contact time alone,can be a more effective strategy for minimizing heat *** results presented here highlight the importance of both contact area and contact time on the heat exchange between a droplet and a cold superhydrophobic surface.

关键词： surface. hydrophobic transfer

Effect of E-Learning on Public Health and Environment During COVID-19 Lockdown

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2021年第2期4卷 104-115页

作者： Avani Agarwal Sahil Sharma vijay kumar Manjit Kaur Department of Computer Science Thapar Institute of Engineering and TechnologyPatiala 147001India Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of TechnologyHamirpurHimachal Pradesh 177005India Department of Computer Science Engineering School of Engineering and Applied SciencesBennett UniversityGreater Noida 201310India

E-learning is the most promising venture in the entire world. During the COVID-19 lockdown, e-learning is successfully providing potential information to the students and researchers. In developing nations like India, with limited resources, e-learning tools and platforms provide a chance to make education available to middle and low income households. This paper gives insights about three different online services, namely Google Classroom,Zoom, and Microsoft Teams being used by three different educational institutions. We aim to analyze the efficiency and acceptability of e-learning tools among Indian students during the COVID-19 lockdown. The paper also aims to evaluate the impact of e-learning on the environment and public health during COVID-19 lockdown. It is found that e-learning has potential to reduce carbon emissions, which has beneficial impact on the environment. However, the mental health is impacted as e-learning may lead to self-isolation and reduction in academic achievements that may lead to anxiety and mental depression. Due to usage of electronic devices for learning, the eyes and neck muscles may be put in strain, having deleterious effects on physical health.

关键词： e-learning environment health COVID-19

Biopolymers and Biomimetic Materials in Medical and Electronic-Related Applications for Environment-Health-Development Nexus:Systematic Review

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第6期19卷 1562-1577页

作者： Faris Mohammed AL-Oqla Mohammed Hassouna Alaaeddin Muhammad Enamul Hoque vijay kumar Thakur Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe Hashemite UniversityP.O Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan University College Fairview 2AJalan TP2Sime UEP Industrial Park Subang Jaya47600Subang JayaSelangorMalaysia Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology(MIST)Mirpur CantonmentDhaka1216Bangladesh Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC)Kings BuildingsEdinburghEH93JGUK School of Engineering University of Petroleum&Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007UttarakhandIndia

Biocomposites as bio-inspired materials are produced from renewable resources that are organic and ecofriendly alternative *** improve the lifestyle of human beings as well as enhancing the environmental indices,functional bio-materials are now implemented in various promising *** work has systematically discussed and highlighted the implementations and trends of functional bionic materials in high tech industries,which are necessary for developing modern *** medical,electronic,food and pharmaceutical applications have been ***-inspired materials are used to develop more sustainable possibilities to increase environmental conservation while maintaining customer *** were found employed in several sectors for various functional bio-products including organic thin-film transistors,organic phototransistor,emitting diodes,photodiodes,photovoltaic solar cells,hybrid dental resins,sustainable pharmaceuticals,and food *** are used to create sustainable bio-products for energy storage and harvesting,bone regeneration,nerve damage repair,drug applications and various other industrial subcategories.

关键词： Biopolymers Bioinspired Biomimetic materials Tissue engineering Nerve repair Organic transistors

Bio-effects of 5th generation electromagnetic waves on organs of human beings

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Global Health Journal 2023年第4期7卷 206-211页

作者： Amit Verma vijay kumar Shipra Gupta Graphic Era Hill University DehardunUttrakhand 248001India

Objectives:The uses of devices of electromagnetic waves(EMWs)are increasing day by ***,the generation of the waves is *** frequency spectrum of the generation of waves is also *** this manuscript,an analysis of the high frequency EMWs has been made by the electric fields generated due to the exposure of 5th generation(5 G)of mobile ***:Due to the emission of waves from the towers,the electric field is generated around the transmission tower of mobile *** electric fields are computed by the power of the transmission *** electric fields across the biological tissues/cells are also computed when the EMWs penetrate inside the *** electric fields are made across the organs of different depths inside the ***:The induced electric fields inside the organs of the human beings are responsible for the absorption of energy from high frequency *** absorbed amount of energy from high frequency waves may become the cause of harmful effects on the life of organs of human ***:In this manuscript,after analysis of the computed electric fields inside the organs of human beings,it is concluded that the EMWs of 5 G spectrum of mobile phone towers may more harmful for the life of organs as 4th generation(4 G)spectrum of mobile phone *** energy absorption by the 4 G spectrum is lower than 5 G spectrum due to the range of frequency of *** effects on the pancreas,retina,skin,intestine,spleen,stomach and uterus are more than low water content organs like nails,bone,teeth etc.

关键词： Fifth generation Electromagneticwaves Mobile phonetowers Bio-effects Human beings tissues Organs