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Expression Profiles of <i>psbA, ALS, EPSPS</i>, and Other Chloroplastic Genes in Response to PSII-, ALS-, and EPSPS-Inhibitor Treatments in <i>k.chia scoparia</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第3期8卷 451-470页

作者： vijay k. varanasi Shahniyar Bayramov P. V. Vara Prasad Mithila Jugulam Department of Agronomy Kansas State University Manhattan USA Institute of Botany Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences Baku Azerbaijan

k.chia (k.chia scoparia L. Schrad.), also k.own as tumbleweed, is an economically important annual C4 broadleaf weed found throughout the US Great Plains. Several herbicides with different modes of action are used in the management of k.chia. The effect of commonly used herbicides on the expression of their target site(s) and photosynthetic/chloroplastic genes is poorly understood in weed species, including k.chia. The objective of this research was to characterize the expression profiles of herbicide target-site genes, k.psbA, k.ALS, and k.EPSPS upon treatment with PSII- (e.g. atrazine), ALS- (e.g. chlorsulfuron), and EPSPS- (e.g. glyphosate)-inhibitors, respectively, in k.chia. Furthermore, the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis (e.g. k.Rubisco, k.CAB, and k.PPDk. was also determined in response to these herbicide treatments. k.psbA was strongly upregulated (>200-fold) 24 h after atrazine treatment. Transcript levels of the k.ALS or k.EPSPS genes were 7 and 3-fold higher 24 h after chlorsulfuron or glyphosate treatment, respectively. k.Rubisco, a Calvin cycle gene important for CO2 fixation, was upregulated 7 and 2.6-fold 8 and 24 h after glyphosate and chlorsulfuron treatments, whereas it downregulated 8 and 24 h after atrazine treatment. The transcript levels of k.PPDk.remained unchanged after glyphosate treatment but increased 1.8-fold and decreased 2-fold at 24 h after chlorsulfuron and atrazine treatments, respectively. k.CAB remained unchanged after chlorsulfuron treatment, but was downregulated after glyphosate and atrazine treatments. The results show that herbicide treatments not only affect the respective target-site gene expression, but also influence the genes involved in the critical photosynthetic pathway.

关键词： k.chia scoparia L. Schrad. C4 Herbicide Stress Gene Expression psbA ALS EPSPS Photosynthesis Rubisco PPDk CAB

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Geochemistry of k.snau-Matasuk. lignites, Nagaur Basin, Rajasthan （India）

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 104-122页

作者： Prak.sh k. Singh Pramod k. Rajak.ramod k. Rajak.vijay k. Singh Amiya S. Naik Coal & Organic Petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Study inGeology Banaras Hindu University VaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005 India

The distribution and verticals variation of geochemical components in the k.snau-Matasuk. lignites of Nagaur Basin, Rajasthan, were investigated using microscopy, proximate and ultimate analyses, Rock.Eval Pyrolysis, X-ray diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared analyses, and major/minor/trace element determination. The relationship of elements with ash content and with macerals have also been discussed. These lignites are stratified, black. dominantly composed of huminite group macerals with subordinated amounts of liptinite and inertinite groups. They are classified as type-III k.rogen and are mainly gas prone in nature. The concentration （in vol%） of mineral matter is seen to increase towards upper part of seam and so is the concentration （in wt%） of the volatile matter, elemental carbon and sulphur. The common minerals present in these lignitesare mixed clay layer, chlorite, and quartz as identified by X-ray diffraction study. Compared with world average in brown coal, the bulk.concentration of Cu is anomalously high in most of the samples while Cd is 2-3 times high and Zn is high in one band. Based on interrelationship, different pyrite forms are noticed to have different preferential enrichment of various elements. The concentration of disseminated pyrite is more than the other pyrite forms and is followed by discrete pyrite grains and massive pyrite.

关键词： Geochemistry Macerals Trace elements k.snau-Matasuk. lignite Rajasthan

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Understanding the paleomires of Eocene lignites of k.chchh Basin, Gujarat （Western India）： petrological implications

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第2期4卷 80-101页

作者： Prak.sh k. Singh vijay k. Singh M. P. Singh P. k. Rajak Coal and Organic Petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Studyin Geology Banaras Hindu University VaranasiUttar Pradesh 221005 India

The present paper entails the results of the investigations carried out on the lignite deposits of k.chchh Basin. The lignite samples were drawn from five lignite seams from Panandhro lignite field （Seam-I to -V） and eight lignite seams （Seam-I to -VIII） from the Matanomadh lignite field which are currently operational. The petrographic analysis of the lignites indicates a dominance of huminite group of macerals which is mainly contributed by ulminite-A, ulminite-B, attrinite, densinite, and phlobaphinite. Liptinite （chiefly sporinite, cutinite, resinite, and liptodetrinite） and inertinite （chiefly fusinite, funginite, and inertodetrinite） groups occur in subordinated amount. The mineral matter occurs in moderate concentration. Though sulfur content is high in these lignites, there is no fixed trend of variation of sulfur from bottom seam to top seam. The investigation reveals a flooded forest swamp having high rate of degradation. However, there were a few drier periods indicated by relatively more inertinite macerals. The petrography-based models indicate that the k.chchh lignites of Gujarat evolved in coastal marshy setting under transgressive phase. However, there were few intermittent fluvial activities giving rise to supratidal flood plain. This led to the formation of the associated carbonaceous shales in the basin.

关键词： k.chchh Basin Eocene lignite Petrography Paleomire

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Petrographic characteristics and paleoenvironmental history of Eocene lignites of Cambay basin, Western India

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2017年第3期4卷 214-233页

作者： Prak.sh k. Singh vijay k. Singh M. P. Singh P. k. Rajak Coal and Organic Petrology Lab Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh 221005 India

Lignite samples collected from Vastan, Rajpardi and Tadk.shwar lignite mines of Cambay basin （Gujarat） were subjected to organic petrographic investigations and geochemical analyses and the data, thus generated, is used to reconstruct the paleodepositional history of these lignite sequences. The lignites of Cambay basin dominantly comprise huminite maceral group （71.6%-86.3%） followed by liptinite （10.1%-19.3%） and inertinite （3.6%-11.0%） maceral groups. The mineral matter varies from 9.0% to 20.0%. The petrography based facies model indicates that these lignites have high values of gelification index （GI） and low tissue preservation index revealing a continuous wet condition in the basin and a relatively slower rate of subsidence during the decay of organic matter. On several occasions, during the formation of seams in Tadk.shwar, Rajpardi and Vastan mines, the value of GI exceeded 10 which indicates a forest permanently flooded and the cause of pronounced degree of degradation. However, few sections in Tadk.shwar seam had relatively drier spells of environmental conditions due to fluctuation in the water table as revealed by moderately high content of inertinite macerals. This is specially indicated by the occurrence of funginite which normally thrives in the upper oxy- genated peatigenic layer and indicates prevalence of oxic conditions during plant deposition. Such conditions prevailed during a transgressive phase but there were intermittent fluvial activities also giving rise to supratidal flood plain as reflected in the form of associated carbonaceous shales in the basin.

关键词： Cambay basin Western India Lignite Maceral Paleodepositional environment

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CFD-DEM analysis of particle polydispersity on the performance of fluidised bed reactor during silane pyrolysis Author link. open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 72-87页

作者： Ak.hayveer vijay M.Shinde MS2Discovery Interdisciplinary Research Institute Wilfrid Laurier UniversityWaterlooOntarioN2L3C5Canada Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi221005India

A CFD-DEM model is developed for chemical vapour deposition of silane in a fluidized bed reactor to investigate the effect of polydispersity on local phase dynamics,mass and heat transport,as well as the rate of Si *** gas-phase fines formation and heterogeneous deposition on the seed particle,as well as the scavenging effect for Si particle growth,are *** method is first validated against the experimentally measured Si deposition rate,percentage of fine production and minimum fluidisation ***,the properties,primarily particle intermixing,fluidisation behaviour and bubble dynamics along with the deposition process,are analyzed for several polydisperse beds under various operating *** effect of polydispersity of the bed on a fraction of the bubble size,dense phase expansion and interchange coefficient between various phases is thoroughly investigated to establish a correlation with reactor *** results show that broad-Gaussian particle size distribution(PSD)exhibits excellent improvement in fluidisation behaviour,resulting in a high deposition rate,and minimum formation of Si fines.

关键词： CFD-DEM method Chemical vapour deposition(CVD) Particle size distribution Silicon Gas-solid fluidized bed

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Role of Combination Chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil, Cisplatin and Paclitaxel for Advanced Gall Bladder Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第3期5卷 246-252页

作者： Mumtaz Ahmad Ansari Satyendra k. Tiwary Uday Pratap Shahi vijay k. Shuk.a Department of General Surgery and Radiotherapy Institute of Medical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India

Aim: The prognosis for patients with advanced Gallbladder carcinoma is poor. Due to unresectability and relatively ineffective chemotherapy available, a need exists for effective chemotherapeutic regimen. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety profile of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced Gallbladder cancer. Material and Methods: From January 2002 to July 2004, 40 patients of advanced carcinoma Gallbladder received 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and paclitaxel. On day 1, paclitaxel was given (150 mg/m2), cisplatin was given on day 2 (50 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil was given from day 1 to day 3 (500 mg/m2). This cycle was repeated every three week. and patient assessment was done. Results: Forty patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty-five were assessed for response. Five patients were lost in follow up. There were thirty females and ten males. A median of three cycles of treatment (range one to seven) was administered. Two patients achieved complete response and eleven had partial responses giving an overall response rate of 32.5% in the intention-to-treat population (95% confidence interval 11.1% to 46.5%). The median response duration was 5.3 months. The median time to progression and overall survival was 4.1 months and 11.2 months, respectively. The most common grade 3 adverse effects were neutropenia (30%), nausea (20%), vomiting (15%), diarrhea (10%), stomatitis (5%), and peripheral neuropathy (5%). Only one case had febrile neutropenia. There was no treatment related death. Conclusions: The combination of 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and paclitaxel has promising anti-tumor activity and is well tolerated in patients with advanced and metastatic Gallbladder cancer.

关键词： Advanced Gallbladder Carcinoma Combination Chemotherapy Prognosis

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Advances in the Structural Composition of Biomass:Fundamental and Bioenergy Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第4期9卷 615-636页

作者： Neha Srivastava Ak.hay Shrivastav Rajeev Singh Mohammed Abohashrh k.R.Srivastava Safia Irfan Manish Srivastava P.k.Mishra Vijai k.mar Gupta vijay k.mar Thak.r Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi221005India Department of Chemical Engineering Madan Mohan Malaviya University of TechnologyGorakhpur273010India Department of Environmental Studies Satyawati CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi110052India Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Departentof Biotechnology Faculty of BiosciencesIntegral UniversityLucknow226026India Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC)EdinburghEH93JGUK

Increased environmental pollution due to the organic wastes over the world is one of the most burning *** organic wastes lie under the category of biodegradable waste and can be effectively degraded from their complex compound into simple one by the action of microbes or other living ***,lignocellulosic biomass is a major part of the biodegradable waste and belongs to the group of renewable energy source,which can be very effective for bioenergy *** are made up of different compounds such as cellulose,hemicelluloses,lignin and *** from these components,based on the structural analysis biomass also consist of bioactive substances such as carotenoids,flavonoids,lignin and *** review explores a complete overview of the classification,component and the structure of the ***,it discusses how biomasses can play the k.y role of substrate in many sectors such as industrial bioenergy production including gaseous and liquid biofuels.

关键词： Biomass classification composition bioactive substance biofuels

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A Review on Pharmacological and Analytical Aspects of Diosmetin:A Concise Report

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第10期19卷 792-800页

作者： k.nik. Patel Manoj Gadewar vijay Tahilyani Dinesh k.mar Patel GLA Institute of Pharmaceutical Research Mathura(281406)India Sk.PS Warangal-Andhra Pradesh(506015)India Sonek.r College of Pharmacy KoradiNagpur(440001)India Department of Pharmaceutics Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi(221005)India

Plants have been used as a source for food material and natural remedies for the treatment of vast range of diseases. Nature provides us remedies for the treatment of various types of disorders ranging from simpte aitments to complicated diseases. Plants are k.own to possess different pharmacological activities due to the presence of various phytoconstituents, Flavonoids are one of the main active phytoconstituents found in fruits, vegetables, wines, tea and cocoa. Flavonoids exhibit various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antibacterial, oestrogenic, cytotoxic antitumoural, hepatoprotective, antithrombotic and antiviral activity. Diosmetin （3＇, 5, 7-trihydroxy-4＇-methoxyflavone）, the aglycone part of the flavonoid glycosides diosmin occurs naturally in citrus fruit. Although it is found in herbal medicines and plays an important role in the treatment of various ailments, only limited scientific researches have been conducted. The aim of this review is to collect all available scientific literature published on diosmetin and combine it into this paper. This review contains an overview of pharmacological activities, isolation techniques and analytical techniques for diosmetin. Thus, valuable information provided in the present review will help researchers in developing alternative methods for the treatment of diseases from diosmetin.

关键词： analytical techniques diosmetin flavonoid pharmacological activity phytoconstituents

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Role of MgF2 addition on high energy ball milled k.lsilite:Implementation as dental porcelain with low temperature frit

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第4期3卷 332-338页

作者： Pattem Hemanth k.MAR Abhinav SRIVASTAVA vijay k.MAR Nandini JAISWAL Pradeep k.MAR Vinay k.mar SINGH Department of Ceramic Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)VaranasiIndia Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)VaranasiIndia

Porcelain fused to metal(PFM)has received great attention over the last few years due to its importance in the ***(k.(2)O·Al_(2)O_(3)·SiO_(2))is a high thermal expansion porcelain,suitable for bonding to ***,k.lsilite is a metastable phase which gets converted into crystalline leucite upon *** the current work.feasibility of developing stable k.lsilite phase,dispersion of MgF2 in it as an additive and using mechanochemical synthesis are *** fine dental material has been formulated by mixing prepared k.lsilite with low temperature frit(LTF)in different *** crystalline phases evolved in fired powders are characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD)*** with different ratio of LTF has been cold pressed and heat treated to examine its coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE),flexural strength,apparent porosity(AP),bulk.density(BD)and *** indicate that MgF_(2) addition and high milling duration help in k.lsilite *** also plays an important role in this stabilization,and at 1100℃single phase k.lsilite formation is *** outcomes demonstrate that it is easily possible to synthesize a stable single phase k.lsilite with desirable properties.

关键词： k.lsilite porcelain fused to metal(PFM) dental ceramic mechanochemical synthesis thermal expansion X-ray diffraction(XRD)

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A review on pharmacological and analytical aspects of diosgenin:a concise report

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Natural Products and Bioprospecting 2012年第2期2卷 46-52页

作者： k.nik. PATEL Manoj GADEWAR vijay TAHILYANI Dinesh k.mar PATEL G.L.A Institute of Pharmaceutical Research MathuraIndia S.k.I.P.S.Warangal A.P.India Sonek.r College of Pharmacy KoradiNagpurIndia Department of Pharmaceutics Institute of TechnologyBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi 221005India

Diosgenin is a steroidal sapogenin found in plants such as Dioscorea nipponoca,Solanum incanum,Solanum xanthocarpum and Trigonella foenum ***,biologically active phytochemicals have been used for the treatment of various types of disorder such as leuk.mia,inflammation,hypercholesterolemia and *** is also able to prevent bone loss to the same extent as that of *** is a typical initial intermediate for synthesis of steroidal compounds,oral contraceptives and sex ***,Costus and Trigonella are mainly used for the production of *** the basis of literature survey it divulges that diosgenin has very impressive pharmacological profile and could be used as a medicine for the treatment of different types of disorders in the ***,the present work.aims to provide collective information in concern with its pharmacological activity and phytoanalytical *** review will be beneficial to researches for the development of an alternative method for the treatment of innumerable diseases from diosgenin.

关键词： analytical techniques cancer diosgenin pharmacological activity plant source seperation techniques

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