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Genetic dissection of maternal influence on in vivo haploid induction in maize

The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 287-298页

作者： Sudha K.Nair vijay chaik.m.m.nje gowda Vemuri Hindu Albrecht E.melchinger Prasanna m.Boddupalli International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CImmYT) ICRISAT CampusPatancheruGreater Hyderabad 502324India International maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CImmYT) ICRAF CampusUN AvenueGigiriP.O.Box 1041-00621NairobiKenya Institute of Plant Breeding Seed Science and Population GeneticsUniversity of HohenheimD-70593 StuttgartGermany

In vivo haploid induction based on maternal haploid inducers is the first step in deriving completely homozygous maize doubled haploid(DH) lines. Haploid induction rate(HIR) is influenced by both pollen parent inducing haploidy and the maternal source germplasm used in induction crosses. This study was aimed at analyzing the influence of source germplasm on HIR using 671 tropical inbred lines organized in two association mapping panels. These two association mapping panels(AmP1 and AmP2) were crossed to two different Tropically Adapted Inducer Lines(TAILs). For HIR assessment, seeds from induction crosses were planted in the field and ploidy status of each surviving plant was assessed using a gold standard classification based on visual differences between the haploid and diploid plants. The analysis revealed significant variation for HIR and led to identification of several tropical inbred lines that respond very positively to haploid induction. Use of HIR data in a genome wide association study(GWAS) led to identification of twenty-seven and two SNPs that were significantly associated with HIR in AmP1 and AmP2,respectively. meta-analysis of AmP1 and AmP2 GWAS led to identification of 52 SNPs with significant effect on HIR across both studies. Genome-wide prediction revealed moderate to high prediction accuracy within AmPs using random SNPs. Inclusion of the SNPs detected in GWAS into the prediction model led to improvement in prediction accuracy. Overall, the study revealed that the maternal influence on HIR is controlled by a few moderate and many small effect QTL.

关键词： planted prediction vivo

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Exceedance Probability of the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index in the Texas High Plains

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Agricultural Sciences 2017年第8期8卷 783-800页

作者： Jerry E. moorhead Gary W. marek Prasanna H. gowda Thomas H. marek Dana O. Porter vijay P. Singh David K. Brauer Conservation and Production Research Laboratory USDA-ARS Bushland TX USA Grazinglands Research Laboratory USDA-ARS El Reno OK USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M AgriLife Research Amarillo TX USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Service Lubbock TX USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Drought is a common occurrence in many arid and semi-arid regions that can have large negative impacts on water resources and agricultural production. Since agricultural drought is affected by both water supply and demand (precipitation and evapotranspiration), it is beneficial to include both in agricultural drought monitoring. The Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was found to be a suitable drought index for monitoring agricultural drought. In this study, the SPEI calculated from agro-meteorological weather stations was used to determine exceedance probabilities at five levels in the Texas High Plains. In addition, the kriging method was used to interpolate between the stations to generate spatial maps for the exceedance probabilities. No significant differences were found between stations, indicating any station should be suitable to represent the Texas High Plains. Results showed drought conditions occurred at all five probability levels during the summer growing season for this region. Although differences were not significantly different, the interpolated maps showed a trend where minor differences in the SPEI values were associated with the West-East precipitation gradient. However, there was no trend associated with the North-South air temperature gradient. A risk analysis showed that the SPEI probability values can provide policy and decision makers with additional information for better water management in the Texas High Plains.

关键词： Drought Semi-Arid Region Water management Irrigation

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