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Effects of air pollution on the risk of acute myocardial infarction in Charleroi, Belgium

Open Journal of Epidemiology 2013年第2期3卷 44-52页

作者： Yves Coppieters Philippe Collart Gwennaelle Mercier victoria massamba Catherine Bouland Alain Levêque Research Center in Environmental Health School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium Research Center in Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Trials School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium

Atmospheric pollution would increase morbidity and mortality rates for various respiratory illnesses in urban areas, and could also be an explanatory factor of higher rates of myocardial infarction in Charleroi compared with the other Belgian cities. The present study investigates the health effects of acute exposure to air pollution on cardiovascular morbidity/mortality in Charleroi. The study is based on comparing hospital data taken from the registry of ischaemic cardiopathies in Charleroi (1999 to 2008) to data on the air quality in this region. To measure the association between atmospheric pollution and the number of cases of myocardial infarction, Poisson regression was carried out. The excess risk of myocardial infarction was analysed according to the month of admission. For men, a decrease in the attack rate of myocardial infarction is visible during the first three years of the study, later to remain stable. For women, attack rates are stable throughout the study. Most of the pollutants vary according to season. Except for ozone, concentrations are generally higher in winter. We observe an association between the concentrations of PM10 and NO2 and morbidity/mortality by acute myocardial infarction. The increased risk for an increase of 10 μg/m3 of pollutant is 1.8% for PM10 and 4.0% for NO2. Multivariate models must still be developed and applied to our data.

关键词： Ischaemic Cardiopathies Air Pollution Environmental Risk Belgium

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Sociodemographic profile and social support for post-stroke depression in Kinshasa: A rehabilitation based cross-sectional study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2013年第3期3卷 111-117页

作者： Magloire Nkosi Mpembi Samuel Mampunza ma Miezi André Peeters Marie-Pierre de Partz Sévérine Henrard victoria Kubuta massamba Roland Nengi Nsam Thierry Matonda ma Nzuzi Jean Macq Vincent Dubois Eric Constant Centre Neuro PsychoPathologique Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN) Kinshasa Congo Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) Brussels Belgium Institut de Recherché Santé et Société Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL) Brussels Belgium Research Center in Epidemiology Biostatistics and Clinical Trials School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium

The World Health Organization has highlighted the emergence of non-communicable chronic diseases, including stroke, in developing countries. As a cause of death, stroke ranks first in Africa. Stroke is the foremost cause of neuropsychiatric disease, including post-stroke depression (PSD) which is a very common disease. Surveys of this condition in Congolese pa tients are virtually non-existent. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of PSD in Congolese patients and identify associated sociodemographic factors. Age, sex, address, province of origin, social and professional status, education, religion and consumption habits were chosen as indicators or parameters of interest to be examined in this study. The results of descriptive analyses are presented as frequencies for categorical variables and as mean ± standard deviation for quantitative variables. The association between different variables was assessed using tables of comparisons of proportions and the Chi-square test. Logistic regression was performed to predict the occurrence of PSD. There were more male than female patients. The mean age was 54.67 ± 12.51 years. Nearly 3 fourths of the patients were aged less than 65. The family was the primary source of social support. The majority was satisfied by the social support received from the family. Just over half the study patients (53.6%) had mild to severe depression as assessed by the PHQ9. Univariate analysis and logistic regression indicated a statistically significant association between low educational level and the occurrence of PSD. However, there was no relationship between age, sex or drinking habits and the onset of PSD. The majority of the subjects were satisfied by the social support from their families. Depression was common after stroke with the occurrence of 53.6%. These results highlight the need to investigate, diagnose and treat PSD, which is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality after stroke.

关键词： Stroke Post-Stroke Depression Kinshasa

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