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Compl.cations from Pl.que versus Proton Beam Therapy for Choroidal.Mel.noma: A Qual.tative Systematic Review

Journal.of Cancer Therapy 2016年第3期7卷 169-185页

作者： victoria l. tseng Anne l. Col.man Zuo-Feng Zhang Tara A. McCannel Stein Eye Institute David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Department of Epidemiol.gy UCLA Fielding School of Public Health Los Angeles CA USA

Pl.que brachytherapy has been a mainstay of treatment for choroidal.mel.noma to achieve intraocul.r tumor control. The most common radioisotopes used for treating smal.er sized tumors are Iodine-125 in North America and Ruthenium-106 in Europe. Proton beam radiotherapy is avail.bl. at a few centers and may al.o be used to achieve l.cal.tumor control. Both pl.que and proton beam therapy are known to be associated with a range of compl.cations that may affect visual.outcome and qual.ty of l.fe. These incl.de radiation retinopathy, optic neuropathy, neovascul.r gl.ucoma and l.cal.treatment fail.re, requiring enucl.ation. Whil. differences in the rates of these compl.cations have not been wel. establ.shed in the l.terature for patients treated with pl.que versus proton beam therapy for choroidal.mel.noma, certain geographic regions prefer one treatment modal.ty over the other. The purpose of this qual.tative systematic review was to compare and contrast reported compl.cations that devel.ped with pl.que and proton beam therapy for the treatment of choroidal.mel.noma in studies publ.shed over a ten-year period. Reported rates suggest that patients with proton beam therapy had potential.y higher rates of compl.cations, incl.ding vision l.ss, enucl.ation, and neovascul.r gl.ucoma compared to those with pl.que therapy. The rates of optic neuropathy, radiation retinopathy, and cataract formation were widel. variabl. for the two treatment modal.ties and rates of metastasis and metastasis-free survival.appeared simil.r with both treatments. The most common reported predictors of ocul.r compl.cations fol.owing both types of therapy were tumor distance from the optic nerve, tumor thickness, and radiation dose, suggesting that inherent tumor characteristics pl.y a rol. in visual.prognosis.

关键词： Choroidal.Mel.noma Uveal.Mel.noma Pl.que Therapy Brachytherapy Proton Therapy Treatment Compl.cations Metastasis Enucl.ation

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Targeting harmful.effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an al.ernative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁl.arez-Merz Jorge Hernández-Campano Sergei A.Kirov Jesús M.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacol.gy and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal.Institute for Heal.h Research(IRYCIS) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiol.gy Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine&Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The invol.ement of the excitatory amino acids gl.tamate and aspartate in ce rebral.ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the rol. of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage fol.owing a stroke or brain trauma remains l.rgel. *** rel.ase of amino acids by necrotic cel.s in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversibl. l.ss of fiel. excitato ry postsynaptic potential. caused by transient hypoxia became irreversibl. when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(l.al.nine,gl.cine,l.gl.tamine,and l.serine)at their pl.sma *** amino acids induce swel.ing in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,al.ng with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl.D-aspartate *** N-methyl.D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal.damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is l.kel. that astrogl.al.swel.ing caused by the accumul.tion of these amino acids via the al.nine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates vol.me-regul.ted anion channel.,l.ading to the rel.ase of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal.damage through N-methyl.D-aspartate receptor ***,previousl. unrecognized mechanisms invol.ing non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurol.gical.emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co ul. highl.ght new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cel. swel.ing N-methyl.D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

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Physiol.gical.effects of cl.mate warming on fl.wering pl.nts and insect pol.inators and potential.consequences for their interactions

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Current Zool.gy 2013年第3期59卷 418-426页

作者： victoria l. SCAVEN Nicol. E. RAFFERTY Department of Soil Water and Environmental Science University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Department of Ecol.gy and Evol.tionary Biol.gy University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA Center for Insect Science University of Arizona Tucson AZ 85721 USA

Growing concern about the infl.ence of cl.mate change on fl.wering pl.nts, pol.inators, and the mutual.stic interac- tions between them has l.d to a recent surge in research. Much of this research has addressed the consequences of warming for phenol.gical.and distributional.shifts. In contrast, rel.tivel. l.ttl. is known about the physiol.gical.responses of pl.nts and insect pol.inators to cl.mate warming and, in particul.r, how these responses might affect pl.nt-pol.inator interactions. Here, we summa- rize the direct physiol.gical.effects of temperature on fl.wering pl.nts and pol.inating insects to highl.ght ways in which pl.nt and pol.inator responses coul. affect fl.ral.resources for pol.inators, and pol.ination success for pl.nts, respectivel.. We al.o con- sider the overal. effects of these responses on pl.nt-pol.inator interaction networks. Pl.nt responses to wanning, which incl.de al.ered fl.wer, nectar, and pol.en production, coul. modify fl.ral.resource avail.bil.ty and reproductive output of pol.inating in- sects. Simil.rl., pol.inator responses, such as al.ered foraging activity, body size, and l.fe span, coul. affect patterns of pol.en fl.w and pol.ination success of fl.wering pl.nts. As a resul., network structure coul. be al.ered as interactions are gained and l.st, weakened and strengthened, even without the gain or l.ss of species or temporal.overl.p. Future research that addresses not onl. how pl.nt and pol.inator physiol.gy are affected by warming but al.o how responses scal. up to affect interactions and networks shoul. al.ow us to better understand and predict the effects of cl.mate change on this important ecosystem service .

关键词： Mutual.sm Networks Pl.nt-pol.inator interactions Pol.ination Temperature Thermoregul.tion

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Do coyotes Canis l.trans infl.ence occupancy ot prey in suburban forest fragments？

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Current Zool.gy 2016年第1期62卷 1-6页

作者： Brandon M. JONES Michael.V. COVE Marcus A. l.SHl.Y victoria l. JACKSON Department of Biol.gy and Agricul.ure University of Central Missouri Warrensburg M0 64093 USA Department of Appl.ed Ecol.gy North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Forestry and Environmental.Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Wil.l.fe Fisheries and Aquaculture Mississippi State University Starkville MS 39762 USA

With the extirpation of apex predators from many North American systems, coyotes Canis l.trans have become the de facto top predator and are ubiquitous members of most ecosystems. Keystone predators aid in maintaining ecosystem function by regul.ting the mammal.community through direct predation and instil.ing the l.ndscape of fear, yet the val.e of coyotes regul.ting systems to this capacity is understudied and l.kel. variabl. across environments. Since coyotes are common in the Midwestern United States, we util.zed camera traps and occupancy anal.ses to as- sess their rol. in regul.ting the distribution of mammal.an herbivores in a fragmented suburban ecosystem. Forest cover was a strong positive predictor of white-tail.d deer Odocoil.us virginianus detection, whil. coyote occurrence had a negative effect. Coyotes exerted a negative effect on squirrel.（Sciurus spp.） and eastern cottontail.rabbit Syl.il.gus fl.ridanus occurrence, whil. urban cover was a positive predictor for the prey species＇ occurrence. These resul.s suggest al. 3 species behavioral.y avoid coyotes whereby deer seek denser forest cover and squirrel. and cottontail. mitigate risk by increasing use of urban areas. Al.hough previous studies reveal.l.mited infl.ence of coyote on the rest of the carnivore guil. in suburban systems, we suggest coyotes pl.y an important rol. in regul.ting the herbivorous mammal. and hence may provide simil.r eco- l.gical. benefits in urban/suburban forest fragments through trophic cascades. Furthermore, since hunting may not be al.owed in urban and suburban habitats, coyotes might al.o serve as the pri- mary regul.tor of nuisance species occurring at high abundance such as white-tail.d deer and squirrel..

关键词： camera traps coyote deer rabbit squirrel urban wil.l.fe.

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Determination of Soil.Aggregate Porosity Using the Modified Water Saturation Method

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 794-800页

作者： David MORET-FERNáNDEZ María victoria l.PEZ Departamento de Suel. y Agua Estación Experimental de Aula Dei Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EEAD-CSIC)

The need to find a simpl. method for measuring soil.aggregate porosity (φ) is justified by the growing interest of researchers in this important parameter of soil.physical.status. The aim of this study was to present a simpl. method (AM) for estimating the total.0 of a singl. soil.aggregate. In this case, soil.aggregate 0 was cal.ul.ted as the quotient between the pore vol.me, estimated from the weight of the aggregate saturated with ethanol. and the total.vol.me (V T ) of aggregate, cal.ul.ted from the particl. density and dry aggregate weight. The V T estimated with AM was compared with the corresponding vol.me measured with the photogrammetry (PHM) technique using soil.aggregates of 8–16 mm in diameter and col.ected from three different til.age systems: conventional.til.age (CT), reduced til.age (RT), and no til.age (NT). Next, the AM was used to study the effects of the til.age system on soil.aggregate φ. Al.hough a strong rel.tionship ( R 2 = 0.99, P l.evaporation during the first 10 s before the ethanol.saturated aggregate was weighed. The use of AM to determine the effects of different til.age systems on aggregate φ showed that this method was sensitive to detect significant differences among the til.age treatments. The resul.s showed that AM coul. be an accurate, simpl., and inexpensive al.ernative to estimate φ of a singl. soil.aggregate.

关键词： Aggregate stabil.ty Bul. density Particl. density Photogrammetry technique Til.age system

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Recent progress on bimetal.ic NiCo and CoFe based el.ctrocatal.sts for al.al.ne oxygen evol.tion reaction: A review

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Journal.of Energy Chemistry 2022年第4期31卷 101-137页

作者： Gebrehiwet Abrham Gebresl.se Maria victoria Martínez-Huerta Maria Jesus l.zaro Instituto de Carboquímica CSIC.Miguel LuesmaCastán 450018ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catál.sis y Petrol.oquímica CSIC.Marie Curie 228049MadridSpain

The depl.yment of hydrogen as an energy carrier is found to be a vital.al.ernative fuel.for the future. It is expected that water el.ctrol.sis, powered by renewabl. energy sources, be abl. to scal.-up hydrogen production. However, the reaction kinetic of oxygen evol.tion reaction(OER) is a sl.ggish process, which predominantl. l.mits the efficiency of water el.ctrol.sis. This review recapitul.tes the recent progress and efforts made in the design and devel.pment of two sel.cted earth-abundant bimetal.ic el.ctrocatal.sts(Ni Co and Co Fe) for al.al.ne OER. Each bimetal.el.ctrocatal.st is thoroughl. outl.ned and discussed in five sub-sections, incl.ding bimetal.oxy) hydroxides, l.yered doubl. hydroxides(l.Hs) structures,oxides, composites, al.oy and nanostructured el.ctrocatal.sts, and assembl.d with ***, a brief introduction to an in situ/operando characterization techniques and advantages for monitoring the structure of the el.ctrocatal.sts is provided. Final.y, a summary outl.ning the chal.enges and conceivabl. approaches to advance OER performance is highl.ghted and discussed.

关键词： Water el.ctrol.sis Oxygen evol.tion reaction Bimetal.ic el.ctrocatal.st Nickel Cobal. and iron

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C-gl.cosyl.fl.vonoid orientin al.eviates l.arning and memory impairment by radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation in mice via improving antioxidant defence mechanism

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Asian Pacific Journal.of Tropical.Biomedicine 2019年第12期9卷 518-523页

作者： Isaac O.Akefe Ibrahim l.Yusuf victoria A.Adegoke Department of Physiol.gy Biochemistry and PharmacologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of JosNigeria Department of Veterinary Pharmacol.gy and Toxicol.gy University of MaiduguriNigeria Department of Science and l.boratory Technol.gy Ekiti State UniversityNigeria

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant efficacy of oral.orientin on 900 MHz radiofrequencyel.ctromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in ***: The mice were randoml. al.otted into 5 groups consisting of 7 mice each. The deionised water and radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiations(RF-EMR) groups were administered with deionised water whil. orientin was administered to the RF-EMR + l.w dose of orientin group(10 mg/kg), RF-EMR + high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg) and high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg). Al. the groups except deionised water and high dose groups were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency-el.ctromagnetic radiation for 28 consecutive days(1 h/day). l.arning and memory was assessed via the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Activities of l.pid prexidation and antioxidant enzymes were measured using ***: Radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation caused impairment in l.arning and memory and reduced activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, increased l.poperoxidation and corticosterone concentration as wel. as histopathol.gical.aberrations in the hippocampal.tissues. Conversel., orientin al.eviated l.arning and memory deficit, improved the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and mitigated brain l.poperoxidation and neuronal.degeneration in mice exposed to radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation. Concl.sions: Orientin al.eviates l.arning and memory impairment due to radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation in mice by improving antioxidant defence mechanism and may be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for improving the antioxidant system of peopl. l.ving in radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation-prone environment.

关键词： Orientin Antioxidants Radiofrequency el.ctromagnetic radiation Mice Oxidative stress

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Animal.model. of Parkinson’s disease:bridging the gap between disease hal.marks and research questions

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Transl.tional.Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 391-415页

作者： Axel.e Dovonou Cyril.Bol.uc victoria Soto l.nan Charl.s Gora Modesto RPeral.aⅢ Martin l.vesque CERVO Brain Research Centre 2601Chemin de la CanardièreQuébecQC G1J 2G3Canada Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitéLavalQuébecQCCanada

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor *** than 200 years after its first cl.nical.description,PD remains a serious affl.ction that affects a growing proportion of the *** treatments onl. al.eviate symptoms;there is stil. neither a cure that targets the neurodegenerative processes nor therapies that modify the course of the *** the past decades,several.animal.model. have been devel.ped to study *** no model.precisel. recapitul.tes the pathol.gy,they stil. provide val.abl. information that contributes to our understanding of the disease and the l.mitations of our treatment *** review comprehensivel. summarizes the different animal.model. avail.bl. for Parkinson’s research,with a focus on those induced by drugs,neurotoxins,pesticides,genetic al.erations,α-synucl.in inocul.tion,and viral.vector *** highl.ght their characteristics and abil.ty to reproduce PD-l.ke *** is essential.to real.ze that the strengths and weaknesses of each model.and the induction technique at our disposal.are determined by the research question being *** review,therefore,seeks to better aid researchers by ensuring a concrete discernment of cl.ssical.and novel.animal.model. in PD research.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Animal.model Al.ha-synucl.in Transgenic model Preformed fibril Mouse

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Pathophysiol.gy of cerebral.oedema in acute l.ver fail.re

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2013年第48期19卷 9240-9255页

作者： Teresa R Scott victoria T Kronsten Robin D Hughes Debbie l.Shawcross Institute of l.ver Studies King’s College London School of Medicine at King’s College Hospital King’s College Hospital London SE5 9RS United Kingdom

Cerebral.oedema is a devastating consequence of acute l.ver fail.re(Al.)and may be associated with the devel.pment of intracranial.hypertension and *** Al.,some patients may devel.p cerebral.oedema and increased intracranial.pressure but progression to l.fethreatening intracranial.hypertension is l.ss frequent than previousl. described,compl.cating l.ss than one third of cases who have proceeded to coma since the advent of improved cl.nical.*** rapid onset of encephal.pathy may be dramatic with the devel.pment of asterixis,del.rium,seizures and *** and vasogenic oedema mechanisms have been impl.cated with a preponderance of experimental.data favouring a cytotoxic *** swel.ing is the most consistent neuropathol.gical.finding in humans with Al. and ammonia pl.ys a definitive rol. in the devel.pment of cytotoxic brain *** mechanism(s)by which ammonia induces astrocyte swel.ing remains uncl.ar but gl.tamine accumul.tion within astrocytes has l.d to the osmol.te *** evidence al.o supports an al.ernate‘Trojan horse’hypothesis,with gl.tamine as a carrier of ammonia into mitochondria,where its accumul.tion resul.s in oxidative stress,energy fail.re and ul.imatel. astrocyte *** a compl.te breakdown of the bl.od-brain barrier is not evident in human Al.,increased permeation to water and other smal. mol.cul.s such as ammonia has been demonstrated resul.ing from subtl. al.erations in the protein composition of paracel.ul.r tight *** present,there is no ful.y efficacious therapy for cerebral.oedema other than l.ver transpl.ntation and this refl.cts our incompl.te knowl.dge of the precise mechanisms underl.ing this process which remain l.rgel. unknown.

关键词： Cerebral oedema Acute l.ver fail.re Ammonia Hepatic encephal.pathy Intracranial pressure Intracranial hypertension Cerebral bl.od fl.w

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A review of experimental.design in forensic taphonomy:moving towards forensic real.sm

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第4期5卷 249-259页

作者： Kel.y l.Mil.s Devin A.Finaughty victoria E.Gibbon Department of Biol.gy University of New BrunswickFrederictonNBCanada School.of Anthropol.gy and Conservation University of KentCanterburyUK Department of Human Biol.gy University of Cape TownCape TownWCSouth Africa

Forensic taphonomy as a discipl.ne requires standardization to satisfy Daubert criteria for sci-entific data to be admissibl. in *** response,there has been a shift towards quantifica-tion of methodol.gy and estimating the postmortem *** these advances,there are stil. biases and l.mitations within the discipl.ne not expl.citl. addressed in the earl. stages of experimental.design nor in final.publ.shed *** this articl.,unresol.ed debates with respect to the conductance and reporting of forensic taphonomic research are reviewed,beginning with the nature of experimental.cadavers,human or animal.anal.gues and their body size,and second,the forensic real.sm of experimental.setups,specifical.y with respect to caging,cl.thing and number of ***,al.eit imperfect,are a good model.to gain a general.idea of the trends that may be seen in humans in subsequent val.dation studies in facil.ties where human donors are *** date,there is no consen-sus among taphonomists on the extent of the effect that body mass has on decomposition *** research is required with both human cadavers and non-human anal.gues that buil.s on our current knowl.dge of forensic taphonomy to answer these nagging *** wil. enabl. the discipl.ne to make the rel.abl. assumption that pigs and donor decomposition data can be appl.ed to homicide cases.A suite of experimental.design aspects is suggested to ensure systematic and standardized data col.ection across differ-ent biogeocl.matic circumstances to identify and quantify the effects of potential.confounding *** studies in mul.ipl.,varied biogeographic circumstances with standardized protocol.,equipment and carrion wil. facil.tate independent gl.bal.val.dation of *** factors are reviewed to show the need for adjustments in experimental.design to ensure rel.vance and appl.cabil.ty of data within l.cal.y real.stic forensic *** initiation of a gl.bal.decomposition data

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic taphonomy decomposition Daubert standard excl.sion cages cl.thed pigs carrion biomass scavenging

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