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Functional roles of taurine,L-theanine,Lcitrulline,and betaine during heat stress in poultry

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第4期13卷 967-986页

作者： victoria anthony uyanga Emmanuel OOke Felix Kwame Amevor Jingpeng Zhao Xiaojuan Wang Hongchao Jiao Okanlawon MOnagbesan Hai Lin Department of Animal Science College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease ControlShandong Agricultural UniversityNo.61 Daizong StreetTai’an 271018Shandong ProvinceChina Department of Animal Physiology Federal University of AgricultureP.M.BAbeokutaOgun State 2240Nigeria Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuanChina.

Heat stress(HS)is an important environmental stress factor affecting poultry production on a global *** the rise in ambient temperature and increasing effects of global warming,it becomes pertinent to understand the effects of HS on poultry production and the strategies that can be adopted to mitigate its detrimental impacts on the performance,health,welfare,immunity,and survival of *** acids(AAs)have been increasingly adopted as nutritional modifiers in animals to ameliorate the adverse effects of *** are essential for protein synthesis,growth,maintenance,reproduction,immunity,stress response,and whole-body ***,HS tends to adversely affect the availability,transport,absorption,and utilization of these *** have investigated the provision of these AAs to poultry during HS conditions,and variable findings have been ***,L-theanine,and L-citrulline are non-essential amino acids that are increasingly gaining attention as nutritional supplements in HS ***,betaine is an amino acid derivative that possesses favorable biological properties which contributes to its role as a functional additive during *** particular note,taurine is negligible in plants,while betaine,L-theanine,and L-citrulline can be found in selected *** nutrients are barely found in feed ingredients,but their supply has been shown to elicit important physiological roles including anti-stress effects,anti-oxidative,anti-inflammatory,gut promoting,and immunomodulatory *** present review provides information on the use of these nutritionally and physiologically beneficial nutrients as functional additives to poultry diets during HS ***,although several studies have reported on the positive effects of these additives in human and murine studies,however,there is limited information regarding their utilization during heat stress in poultry ***,this review aims to expound on the functional pr

关键词： Amino acids Antioxidant Heat Stress Immunity Inflammation Nutrition Performance Poultry

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Effects of arginine replacement with L-citrulline on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism in chickens:An animal model without urea cycle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1182-1200页

作者： victoria anthony uyanga Lijing Sun Yu Liu Meiming Zhang Jingpeng Zhao Xiaojuan Wang Hongchao Jiao Okanlawon M.Onagbesan Hai Lin Department of Animal Science College of Animal Science and Veterinary MedicineShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease ControlShandong Agricultural UniversityNo.61 Daizong StreetTai’an CityShandong Province 271018China Department of Animal Physiology Federal University of AgricultureOgun StateAbeokuta P.M.B 2240Nigeria

Background This study examined the efficacy of L-citrulline supplementation on the arginine/nitric oxide metabolism,and intestinal functions of broilers during arginine deficiency.A total of 288 day-old Arbor Acre broilers were randomly assigned to either an arginine deficient basal diet(NC diet),NC diet+0.50%L-arginine(PC diet),or NC diet+0.50%L-citrulline(NCL diet).Production performance was recorded,and at 21 days old,chickens were euthanized for tissue *** The dietary treatments did not affect the growth performance of broilers(P>0.05),although NC diet increased the plasma alanine aminotransferase,urate,and several amino acids,except arginine(P<0.05).In contrast,NCL diet elevated the arginine and ornithine concentration higher than NC diet,and it increased the plasma citrulline greater than the PC diet(P<0.05).The nitric oxide concentration in the kidney and liver tissues,along with the plasma and liver e NOS activities were promoted by NCL diet higher than PC diet(P<0.05).In the liver,the activities of arginase 1,ASS,and ASL,as well as,the gene expression of i NOS and OTC were induced by PC diet greater than NC diet(P<0.05).In the kidney,the arginase 1,ASS and ASL enzymes were also increased by PC diet significantly higher than the NC and NCL ***,the kidney had higher abundance of n NOS,ASS,ARG2,and OTC genes than the liver tissue(P<0.05).In addition,NCL diet upregulated(P<0.05)the m RNA expression of intestinal nutrient transporters(EAAT3 and PEPT1),tight junction proteins(Claudin 1 and Occludin),and intestinal mucosal defense(MUC2 and p Ig R).The intestinal morphology revealed that both PC and NCL diets improved(P<0.05)the ileal VH/CD ratio and the jejunal VH and VH/CD ratio compared to the NC fed *** This study revealed that NCL diet supported arginine metabolism,nitric oxide synthesis,and promoted the intestinal function of ***,L-citrulline may serve as a partial arginine replacement in broiler’s diet

关键词： Amino acids Arginine Broiler chicken Citrulline Intestinal health Nutrient transporters Tight junctions

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真菌多糖益生元干预家禽肠道微生物调控肠道屏障功能的研究进展

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中国家禽 2022年第11期44卷 102-112页

作者：刘敏焦洪超王晓鹃赵景鹏 uyanga victoria anthony 林海山东农业大学动物科技学院山东泰安271018 山东省动物生物工程与疾病防治重点实验室山东泰安271018 农业农村部非粮饲料资源高效利用重点实验室(部省共建) 山东泰安271018

家禽肠道微生物作为肠道黏膜屏障的重要组成部分在宿主的肠道屏障功能维持和肠道健康稳定中发挥重要作用。益生菌和益生元是调控肠道微生物的有效手段,其中真菌多糖作为天然代谢产物,具有抗氧化、增强免疫等多种生物活性,是一种重要的... 详细信息

家禽肠道微生物作为肠道黏膜屏障的重要组成部分在宿主的肠道屏障功能维持和肠道健康稳定中发挥重要作用。益生菌和益生元是调控肠道微生物的有效手段,其中真菌多糖作为天然代谢产物,具有抗氧化、增强免疫等多种生物活性,是一种重要的潜在益生元,其在鸡体内无法直接消化利用,主要通过肠道微生物进行发酵降解,并产生相关代谢产物,真菌多糖与肠道微生物的相互作用会对肠道屏障功能产生积极影响。文章在简要概述家禽肠道微生物的定植和影响因素、家禽肠道黏膜屏障功能及其干预调控手段的基础上,重点阐述了潜在益生元真菌多糖干预家禽肠道微生物对肠道屏障功能的调控作用,为家禽肠道健康调控奠定理论基础,并为真菌多糖产品的开发提供参考。

关键词：鸡益生元真菌多糖肠道微生物肠道屏障功能

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Control systems and data management for high-power laser facilities

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第5期11卷 51-75页

作者： Scott Feister Kevin Cassou Stephen Dann Andreas Döpp Philippe Gauron anthony J.Gonsalves Archis Joglekar victoria Marshall Olivier Neveu Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Matthew J.V.Streeter Charlotte A.J.Palmer California State University Channel Islands CamarilloCaliforniaUSA UniversitéParis-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3IJCLabOrsayFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUK Ludwig–Maximilians–Universität München GarchingGermany BELLA Center Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA Ergodic LLC San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany Queen’s University Belfast BelfastUK

The next generation of high-power lasers enables repetition of experiments at orders of magnitude higher frequency than what was possible using the prior *** requiring human intervention between laser repetitions need to adapt in order to keep pace with the new laser technology.A distributed networked control system can enable laboratory-wide automation and feedback control *** higher-repetition-rate experiments will create enormous quantities of data.A consistent approach to managing data can increase data accessibility,reduce repetitive data-software development and mitigate poorly organized *** opportunity arises to share knowledge of improvements to control and data infrastructure currently being *** compare platforms and approaches to state-of-the-art control systems and data management at high-power laser facilities,and we illustrate these topics with case studies from our community.

关键词： big data community organization control systems data management feedback loops high-power lasers high repetition rate metadata stabilization standards

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Gynaecological Cancers in HIV Positive and Negative Women—A Single-Center Retrospective Study (2008-2017)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第2期12卷 124-139页

作者： Ijeoma victoria Ezeome Theophilus Ogochukwu Nwankwo Uchenna anthony Umeh Leonard Ogbonna Ajah Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Nigeria Ituku-Ozalla Campus Enugu Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku-Ozalla Enugu Nigeria

Background/Objective: The association between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and invasive cervical carcinoma is fully recognized. However, the effect of HIV and antiretroviral therapy on the morbidity and mortality of other gynaecological cancers have not been conclusively determined. Our study objective was to examine the effects of HIV on patient age at presentation, prevalence, and severity of the illness of various gynaecological cancers diagnosed in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu over the period 2008-2017. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 224 patients who were managed in UNTH for different gynaecological malignancies. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the UNTH, Enugu. Data analysis was done with SPSS software with results expressed in descriptive statistics of simple frequency and percentage, and p-value set at Results: A total of 224 patients were studied. Twenty-five percent of HIV positive patients were aged 31 - 40 years at presentation compared to 12% of HIV negative patients. The commonest gynaecological cancer was cervical cancer with a higher proportion among the HIV-positive patients. While 32% of HIV negative patients presented at FIGO stages 1 - 2 Versus 8.3% of HIV positive patients, 58.3% and 33.3% of HIV positive patients presented at stages 3 and 4 respectively. Only 8.3% of HIV positive patients presented with ovarian cancer compared with 31% of HIV negative patients. A higher proportion of HIV positive patients presented with vulvar cancer (16.7%), but no endometrial or choriocarcinoma/GTD, compared with HIV negative patients. Conclusion: HIV positive clients present at an earlier age with more advanced disease, mostly cervical cancer of the squamous cell variety, with minimal non-AIDS defining cancers over the study period in UNTH, Enugu.

关键词： Invasive Cervical Cancer Non-AIDS Defining Cancers Severity of Illness Combination Anti-Retroviral Therapy

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Effect of lignite amendment on carbon and nitrogen mineralization from raw and composted manure during incubation with soil

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 785-795页

作者： Robert IMPRAIM anthony WEATHERLEY Deli CHEN Helen SUTER School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences.The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010(Australia)

The application of animal manure as a source of plant nutrients requires the determination of the amount and pattern of nutrient mineralization from manure.A laboratory incubation study was conducted to investigate the influence of lignite amendment and lignite type on carbon(C)and nitrogen(N)mineralization in raw(feedstock)and composted cattle manure following application to soil at 30 and 60 t ha^(-1).The mineralization of C and N was determined by measuring changes in CO_(2) evolution and mineral N(NH_(4)^(+)-N+NO_(3)^(-)-N)over 40 *** results showed that lignite amendment suppressed the amount of manure C mineralized in both feedstock and compost,with the effect being more pronounced in the *** the 40-d incubation,the percentage of applied C mineralized was 26.4%-27.8%and 16.3%-21.4%in unamended and lignite-amended feedstocks,*** corresponding C mineralized in the composts was 12.4%-14.1%and 3.5%-6.5%.Lignite had no significant effect on the net N mineralized in compost(4.8%-6.7%and2.5%-7.8%in unamended and lignite-amended composts,respectively).Lignite had either no effect or increased the net N mineralized in feedstock(from3.2%-8.7%without lignite to 10.4%-13.5%)depending on the type of lignite *** study suggests that using lignite-amended manure,especially when composted,has the potential to build up soil organic C without limiting the availability of mineral N.

关键词： CO_(2)evolution manure mineralization mineral N nitrification soil incubation

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Acute opioid-induced gastroparesis successfully treated with naloxone: a case report

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第2期3卷 78-80页

作者： Hao Rui Seet Joe-anthony Rotella Department of Emergency Medicine Northern HealthEppingVictoriaAustralia

A 56-year-old man presented to the emergency department after an intentional overdose of oxycodone and *** was previously opioid-naive with no other medical *** subsequently developed acute abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting.A computed tomography scan of his abdomen and pelvis revealed distension of his stomach with no other abnormalities suggestive *** was subsequently treated with intravenous naloxone with complete resolution of his symptoms soon *** case highlights the association between opioids and acute gastrointestinal mobility disorders contrary to the traditional association with chronic opioid use,as well as the utility of naloxone as a treatment.

关键词： Case report Gastroparesis Naloxone Opioids

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Ophthalmic manifestations of Cryptococcus gattii species complex:a case series and review of the literature

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 119-127页

作者： Grace A.McCabe Jack W.McHugh Todd Goodwin Douglas F.Johnson anthony Fok Thomas G.Campbell Department of Ophthalmology the Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoria 3050Australia Department of Internal Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesota 55902USA James Cook University TownsvilleQueensland 4811Australia NQ Eye Foundation TownsvilleQueensland 4811Australia Department of Infectious Disease the Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoria 3050Australia Department of Neurology the Royal Melbourne HospitalMelbourneVictoria 3050Australia Centre for Eye Research Australia East MelbourneVictoria 3002Australia Ophthalmology Department of Surgerythe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoria 3010Australia

AIM:To report 4 cases of Cryptococcus gattii(***)species complex infection with diverse ophthalmic manifestations,and to review the literature to examine pathobiology of disease,classical ophthalmic presentations and outcomes,and treatment modalities for this emerging ***:Cases of *** meningoencephalitis with ophthalmic manifestations were identified via chart review at two institutions in Australia and one institution in the mid-west region of the United States and are reported as a case ***,a MEDLINE literature review was conducted to identify all reported cases of *** with ophthalmic manifestations from *** were reviewed and tabulated,together with our series of patients,in this ***:Four cases of *** with ophthalmic manifestations are presented;three from Australia and one from the USA.A literature review identified a total of 331 cases of *** with visual *** majority of cases occurred in immunocompetent *** vision and diplopia were the most common presenting symptoms,with papilloedema the most common sign,reported in 10%-50%of *** loss was reported in 10%-53%of cases,as compared to rates of visual loss of 1%-9%in *** *** intracranial pressure,cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)fungal burden,and abnormal neurological exam at presentation correlated with poor visual *** mainstays of treatment are anti-fungal agents and aggressive management of intracranial hypertension with serial lumbar *** diversion procedures should be considered for refractory *** and mannitol are associated with high complication rates,and adjuvant corticosteroids have demonstrated higher mortality rates;these treatments should be ***:Permanent visual loss represents a devastating yet potentially preventable sequelae of *** *** hypertension needs to be recognised early and aggressively ***

关键词： Cryptococcus Cryptococcus gattii cryptococcosis ophthalmic manifestation

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White light endoscopy,narrow band imaging and chromoendoscopy with magnification in diagnosing colorectal neoplasia

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2009年第1期1卷 45-50页

作者： Rajvinder Singh victoria Owen anthony Shonde Philip Kaye Christopher Hawkey Krish Ragunath Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre Queens Medical Centre campusNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNG7 2UHNottinghamUnited Kingdom Trent Research Development Unit University of NottinghamNG7 2RDNottinghamUnited Kingdom

AIM:To evaluate the sensitivity(Sn),specificity(Sp),positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of 3 different techniques:high resolution white light endoscopy(WLE),Narrow Band Imaging(NBI) and Chromoendoscopy(CHR),all with magnification in differentiating adenocarcinomas,adenomatous and hyperplastic colorectal ***:Each polyp was sequentially assessed first by WLE,followed by NBI and finally by *** images of each polyp with each modality were taken and *** or polypectomies were then performed followed by blinded histopathological *** image was blindly graded based on the Kudo's pit pattern(KPP).In the assessment with NBI,the mesh brown capillary network pattern(MBCN) of each polyp was also *** Sn,Sp,PPV and NPV of differentiating hyperplastic(Type Ⅰ & Ⅱ-KPP,Type Ⅰ-MBCN) adenomatous(Types Ⅲ,Ⅳ-KPP,Type Ⅱ-MBCN) and carcinomatous polyps(Type Ⅴ-KPP,Type Ⅲ-MCBN) was then compared with reference to the final histopathological ***:A total of 50 colorectal polyps(5 adenocarcinomas,38 adenomas,7 hyperplastic) were *** and NBI [KPP,MBCN or the combined classification(KPP & MBCN)] were superior to WLE in the prediction of polyp histology(P < 0.001,P=0.002,P=0.001 and P < 0.001,respectively).NBI,using the MBCN pattern or the combined classification showed higher numerical accuracies compared to CHR,but this was not statistically significant(P=0.625,0.250).CONCLUSION:This feasibility study demonstrated that this combined classification with NBI could potentially be useful in routine clinical practice,allowing the endoscopist to predict histology with higher accuracies using a less cumbersome and technically less challenging method.

关键词： High-resolution magnification endoscopy Narrow band imaging with magnification Chromoendoscopy with magnification Colorectal polyp Colorectal neoplasia

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Challenges and Adherence to Standard Precautions for Prevention of Percutaneous Injuries and Exposure to Blood Borne Pathogens in Clinical Practice: A Review

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第8期10卷 195-216页

作者： Theophilus Ogochukwu Nwankwo Godwin Ugonna Odo Matthew Ikechukwu Eze Ijeoma victoria Ezeome Uchenna anthony Umeh Faculty of Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Standard Precautions (SP) was introduced by Centre for Disease Control to minimise the risks of disease transmission in the process of healthcare. Many factors are thought to influence the knowledge and the practice of these measures. Objective: To review challenges and adherence to SP for the prevention of percutaneous injuries and exposure to patients’ blood in clinical practice. Methods: The World Wide Web sites such as, Pub Med central, Google scholar were searched using key words such as percutaneous, needle stick injuries, standard precautions, adherence. Relevant articles were reviewed and included based on defined criteria. Results: The prevalence of needle stick injuries (NSI) varies among health care workers (HCWs) and across countries and is as high as 73% among some groups. The knowledge of SP varied among HCWs in different nations;however the practice of SP was noted to be lower than knowledge across most studies. Majority of HCWs in developing countries that sustained NSI failed to report the incident to appropriate authorities. Adherence to Standard Precautions is influenced by lack of proper training, poor supplies, low commitment of HCWs and health facility managers etc. Conclusion: Needle stick injuries and exposure to patients’ blood remain a risk for disease transmission among HCWs. Despite appreciable knowledge of standard precautions, the practice has remained low across the globe. Factors that had positive influence on practice of SP such as use of devices with safety features, adherence to infection control guideline, comfortable working environment, repeated and intense training etc. should be adopted and promoted.

关键词： Percutaneous Injuries Prevention Standard Precautions Adherence

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