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Influence of biomass burning on ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico during the COVID-19 lockdown

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 99-115页

作者： victor Almanza Luis Gerardo Ruiz-Suárez Ricardo Torres-Jardón Agustín García-Reynoso Iván y.Hernández-Paniagua Institute for Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Change National Autonomous University of MexicoCoyoacan 04510Mexico CityMexico

The massive reductions in anthropogenic emissions resulting from the COVID-19 lockdown provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effect of mitigation measures aiming to abate air pollution.In Mexico,the total lockdown period took place during the dry-hot season when biomass burning activity is enhanced.Here,we investigate the role of biomass burning emissions on regional ozone levels in the Megalopolis of Central Mexico.The studied period covers the lockdown phases 2 and 3,and the first month of the New Normal.We applied a factor separation technique and process analysis to estimate the pure and synergistic contributions of emission reductions under lockdown and that from biomass burning to daily ozone maximum concentrations in 7 metropolitan areas of different states in the Megalopolis.The results revealed that biomass burning plumes likely masked the effect of massive reductions from mobile emissions,impacted the PBL development during phase 3 and favored transition and mixed NO_(x)-limited and VOC-limited regional regimes.This contributed to increased ozone production in the middle to lower PBL by changing the regional background levels which potentially could bias high ozone production efficiency estimations.Given the Megalopolis contribution to economic and societal development at national scale,our study suggests that ozone mitigation measures during the dry-hot season targeting mainly mobile emissions will likely be offset by biomass burning plumes.A regional and synergic policy aiming to control biomass burning would help to reduce the occurrence of high ozone levels in Central Mexico with the co-benefit of tackling short-lived climate pollutants.

关键词： COVID-19 Mexico Megalopolis Ozone Factor Separation Process Analysis

In situ and operando infrared spectroscopy of battery systems:Progress and opportunities

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能源化学:英文版 2023年第6期81卷 472-491,I0011页

作者： Murilo M.Amaral Carla G.Real Victor y.y.kuhiro Gustavo Doubek Pablo S.Fernandez Gurpreet Singh Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil Alan Levin Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA Chemistry Institute Center for Innovation on New EnergiesUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-970Brazil Advanced Energy Storage Division Center for Innovation on New EnergiesSchool of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of CampinasCampinasSP 13083-852Brazil

In situ and operando infrared spectroscopies are powerful techniques to support the design of novel materials for batteries and the development of new battery systems.These techniques can support the study of batteries by identifying the formation of new species and monitoring electrochemical energy stability.However,few works have employed these techniques,which can be used to investigate various materials,including systems beyond lithium-ion technology,in the research of batteries.Therefore,this review presents a comprehensive overview focusing on the main contributions of in situ and operando infrared spectroscopy for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and other battery systems.These techniques can successfully identify the formation of species during the electrolyte reduction,electrode degradation,and the formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer.From these outcomes,it is possible to conclude that this characterization approach should be employed as a protocol to overcome remaining issues in batteries,consequently supporting battery research.This review aims to be a guide on how infrared spectroscopy can contribute to monitoring battery systems and to lead researchers interested in applying this technique.

关键词： In situ spectroscopy Operando spectroscopy FTIR Spectro-electrochemical cells Batteries

Fibrotic components in vertebral joint degeneration

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Fibrotic components in vertebral joint degeneration

Control of electron beam current,charge,and energy spread using density downramp injection in laser wakefield accelerators

中国生理学会基质生物学专业委员会第四次全国基质生物学学...

作者： victor y.Leung The University of Hong Kong

Low back pain is a common cause of disability leading to significant healthcare burden worldwide.Population studies indicate an association between back pain and degeneration of vertebral joints,in particular the intervertebral discs（IVD）.How IVD degeneration initiates and what causes it to progress remains elusive to date.IVD degeneration exhibits not only a decrease in proteoglycan level,which compromises tissue mechanical strength,but also abnormal collagen deposition in the nucleus pulposus.Such change of the matrices compromises the IVD function and causes the disc to collapse under spinal loading.The primary factors leading to such matrix changes have been a subject of debate.When tissues suffer from chronic injury and inflammation,fibroblastic activities may become excessive,resulting in tissue fibrosis or scarring.We have recently identified profibrotic components in the nucleus pulposus of degenerative human IVD and animal models of disc degeneration,implying that disc degeneration may be in part attributed to unresolved fibrotic events.By study of markers and utilizing transgenic mouse models,we have identified a role of fibroblastic cells and their potential origin in the degenerating IVD.Our study implicates a role of profibrogenic pathways in the progression of IVD degeneration,sheding light onto future strategies for modifying the disorder.

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第2期8卷 14-24页

作者： Céline S.Hue yang Wan Eitan y.Levine victor Malka Department of Physics of Complex Systems Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael

Density downramp injection has been demonstrated to be an elegant and efficient approach for generating high-quality electron beams in laser wakefield accelerators.Recent studies have demonstrated the possibilities of generating electron beams with charges ranging from tens to hundreds of picocoulombs while maintaining good beam quality.However,the plasma and laser parameters in these studies have been limited to specific ranges or attention has been focused on separate physical processes such as beam loading,which affects the uniformity of the accelerating field and thus the energy spread of the trapped electrons,the repulsive force from the rear spike of the bubble,which reduces the transverse momentum P⊥of the trapped electrons and results in small beam emittance,and the laser evolution when traveling in the plasma.In this work,we present a comprehensive numerical study of downramp injection in the laser wakefield,and we demonstrate that the current profile of the injected electron beam is directly correlated with the density transition parameters,which further affects the beam charge and energy evolution.By fine-tuning the plasma density parameters,electron beams with high charge(up to several hundreds of picocoulombs)and low energy spread(around 1%FWHM)can be obtained.All these results are supported by large-scale quasi-threedimensional particle-in-cell simulations.We anticipate that the electron beams with tunable beam properties generated using this approach will be suitable for a wide range of applications.

关键词： tuning beam injection

The effect of the quality of vital sign recording on clinical decision making in a regional acute care trauma ward

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2017年第5期20卷 283-287页

作者： Claire M. Keene victor y. Kong Damian L. Clarke Petra Brysiewicz Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Trauma Service. Department of Surgery University ofKwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa Department of Surgery University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa School of Nursing & Public Health University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa

PurposeRecording 重要符号在医院背景是重要的，这文档的质量影响临床的决策。修改早警告分数(咪咪叫) 使用重要符号分类严厉一病人生理的精神错乱并且在检测耐心的恶化并且做管理决定说明重要符号的临床的影响。这描述的研究在一个尖... 详细信息

PurposeRecording 重要符号在医院背景是重要的，这文档的质量影响临床的决策。修改早警告分数(咪咪叫) 使用重要符号分类严厉一病人生理的精神错乱并且在检测耐心的恶化并且做管理决定说明重要符号的临床的影响。这描述的研究在一个尖锐照顾损伤背景测量了重要症状记录的质量，并且使用了咪咪叫决定文档质量在生理的精神错乱并且这样的察觉上有的影响，所有损伤病人的护理职员在南非在一所地区性的医院在尖锐照顾损伤病房记录的临床的决定 making.MethodsVital 症状从2013年1月被收集到2013年2月。在 2 以内拿的测量调查者的价值 ? 平淡的观察和基线病人信息的小时也被记录。A 喵喵叫因为每个病人从平淡、测量调查者的观察是计算的。基本描述的统计用 181 个最新招收的病人的 EXCEL.ResultsThe 细节被执行被收集。记录的结束为心率是 81% ， 88% 为呼吸的率， 98% 为血压， 92% 为温度并且 41% 为 GCS。记录心率断然与调查者测量(0.76 的皮尔森关联系数) 被相关；当呼吸的率没相关时(0.02 的皮尔森关联系数) 。在 59% 病人，记录的呼吸的率(RR ) 确切每分钟是 20 呼吸， 27% 有记录 RR 确切 15。在最大值上面的有的异常格拉斯哥昏迷规模读物 15 .The 珍视的百分之七个病人平均咪咪叫为两个是 2 记录(咪咪叫(R)) 并且调查者(咪咪叫(I)) vitals，与咪咪叫(R) 0-7 和咪咪叫(I) 0-9 的范围。分析证明 59% 咪咪叫(R) 低估了生理的精神错乱(分数比咪咪叫(I) 低) ；80% 病人有咪咪叫(R) 要求 4 时时检查哪个仅仅在 2% 被完成；86%病人有不到三的咪咪叫(R)(即不要求照顾的逐步上升)，但是这些中的33%个显示出比三大的咪咪叫(I)(即实际上要求照顾的逐步上升)重要符号的 .ConclusionDocumentation 帮助管理决定，显示耐心、支配的治疗的生理的精神错乱。这研究证明有重要符号在这个尖锐照顾损伤背景记录的差的质量，它导致了病人的低估生理的精神错乱和无能到检测败坏病人。咪咪叫能是一个强大的工具授权护士变得在败坏的诊断和察觉包含了病人，以及提供一个框架传达在健康工人之间的精神错乱的严厉。然而，改进重要符号记录的质量要求很多策略，包括继续教育，增加在重要符号图表的能干的职员和行政变化的数字。

关键词：生命体征记录质量管理决策创伤临床病房急性区域性

Direct observation of the CO_(2) formation and C–H consumption of carbon electrode in an aqueous neutral electrolyte supercapacitor by in-situ FTIR and Raman

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第8期31卷 488-496,I0013页

作者： Murilo M.Amaral Victor y.y.kuhiro Rafael Vicentini Alfredo C.Peterlevitz Leonardo M.Da Silva Pablo Fernandez Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division State University of Campinas13083-852Av.Albert Einsten 400CampinasSPBrazil Chemistry Institute State University of Campinas13083-970Josue de Castro StreetCampinasSPBrazil Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied ElectrochemistryFederal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri’s ValleyRodovia MGT 367km 5835000Alto da Jacuba39100-000DiamantinaMGBrazil Center for Innovation on New Energies University of Campinas13083-841 CampinasSão PauloBrazil

Electrical double-layer capacitors(EDLCs)consist of energy storage devices that present high-power and moderate energy density.The electrolyte and electrode physicochemical properties are crucial for improving their overall energy storage capabilities.Therefore,the stability of the EDLCs’materials is the primary focus of this study.Since energy storage depends on the specific capacitance,and also on the square of the maximum capacitive cell voltage(UMCV).Thus,electrodes with high specific surface area(SSA)and electrolytes with excellent electrochemical stability are commonly reported in the literature.Aqueous electrolytes are safer and green devices compared to other organic-based solutions.On the other hand,their UMCVis reduced compared to other electrolytes(e.g.,organic-based and ionic liquids).In this sense,spanning the UMCVfor aqueous-based electrolytes is a’hot topic’research.Unfortunately,the lack of protocols to establish reliable UMCVvalues has culminated in the publishing of several conflicting results.Herein,we confirm that multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)housed in cells degrade and produce CO_(2) under abusive polarisation conditions.It is probed by employing electrochemical techniques,in-situ FTIR and in-situ Raman spectroscopies.From these considerations,the current study uses spectro-electrochemical techniques to support the correct determination of the electrode and electrolyte stability conditions as a function of the operating electrochemical parameters.

关键词： Electrode and electrolyte stabilities In-situ FTIR CO_(2)formation Carbon degradation Supercapacitor Aqueous electrolytes Carbon nanotubes

Prouhet-Thue-Morse序列和原子函数在物理和技术中的应用(英文)

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Journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation 2015年第2期6卷 128-141页

作者： victor F Kravchenko Oleg V Kravchenko yaroslav y Konovalov Kotelnikov Institute of Radio-engineering and Electronics Russian Academy of Sciences Bauman Moscow State Technical University Scientific and Technological Center of Unique Instrumentation

本文系统地阐述了信号与图像处理中与原子函数理论和Prouhet-Thue-Morse序列相关的大量研究成果。

关键词：原子函数 Prouhet-Thue-Morse序列数字信号处理图像处理

The growth of ear of paediatric subjects in Hong Kong—A timely reconstruction for unilateral microtia

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中华整形外科杂志 2020年第1期36卷 76-79页

作者： Osan y.M.Ho Peter K.M.Ku victor Abdullah Michael C.F.Tong Department of ENT United Christian HospitalKwun TongHong KongChina Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objective To establish the local data on the growth of ear in Hong Kong children and provide a reference for the timing of reconstruction in unilateral microtia.Methods We reviewed case notes of paediatric patients up to 18 years of age who had attended our Ear,Nose and Throat Out-patient Clinic from March to November 2017.We recorded the pinna length of these patients and that of their parents,compared the patients’ear length against that of their parents,and investigated any discrepancy of pinna.Results We recruited 226 local individuals(139 males and 87 females).The patients were divided into different age groups.The means of ear length of patients were compared with the mean length of pinna of their parents.Data of boys and girls are analyzed separately.Boys at 7-8 years old achieved 87.33%and 93.54%of their fathers’and mothers’ear length respectively.Girls at 7-8 years old achieved 83.00%and 90.80%of their fathers’and mothers’ear length respectively.Moreover,the average ratio of the length of left and right ear ratio is 97.3%in all groups of children.Conclusions In Hong Kong children,at the age of 7-8 the ear approaches the size of normal adult ear and is the feasible age with less asymmetry after reconstruction of the microtia.

关键词： Microtia Ear reconstruction,auricle growth Auricle discrepancy

Interactions among age, adiposity, bodyweight, lifestyle factors and sex steroid hormones in healthy Singaporean Chinese men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第5期9卷 611-621页

作者： victor H. H. Goh Terry y. y. Tong Helen E E Mok Baharudin Said Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology National University of Singapore National University Hospital Kent Ridge119074 Singapore Core Lab General Clinical Research Center LA BioMed at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology David Geffen School of Medicine 1124W Carson Street Torrance CA 90502 USA

Aim： To examine the inter-relationships among age, lifestyle factors, anthropometric parameters, percent body fat and steroid hormone parameters in 531 healthy Singaporean Chinese men aged between 29 and 72 years old. Methods： Various lifestyle parameters were quantified through a survey, and testosterone （T）, estradiol （E2）, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate （DHEAS） and sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG） were measured using established methods. Anthropometric parameters were collected and computed, and percent body fat （Siri） was measured using the DEXA scanner. Results： SHBG, DHEAS, bioavailable-T （Bio-T）, E2, Siri, Ht, W/H, W/Ht and work stress were independently correlated with age. Using multivariate analyses and adjusting for age and other related factors, exercise, smoking and alcohol consumption have positive impacts on androgen levels and body composition. However, black and green tea consumption was associated with negative effects on body composition and with higher levels of E2 and Free Estradiol Index （FEI）. Men with shorter sleep duration had significantly lower T levels as compared to those with 6 h or more of nightly sleep. Higher T levels were associated with lower levels of adiposity and other indices of adiposity, whereas higher E2 levels were related to higher levels of adiposity. Men with higher DHEAS were significantly taller and heavier than those with low DHEAS levels. Conclusion： The study showed the close interactions among the gonadal/adrenal and metabolic compartments, with age being a key determinant in their interactions. Lifestyle factors such as exercise, smoking, sleeping and alcohol and tea consumption might play significantly roles in determining the status of health in men.

关键词： age testosterone sex hormone binding globulin estradiol dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate bioavailable-testosterone body fat exercise smoking alcohol tea coffee stress sleep